European colonizers killed so many Native Americans that it changed the global climate, researchers say.
When Europeans arrived in the Americas, they caused so much death and disease that it changed the global climate, a new study finds.
European settlers killed 56 million indigenous people over about 100 years in South, Central and North America, causing large swaths of farmland to be abandoned and reforested, researchers at University College London, or UCL, estimate. The increase in trees and vegetation across an area the size of France resulted in a massive decrease in carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere, according to the study.
Carbon levels changed enough to cool the Earth by 1610, researchers found. Columbus arrived in 1492.
When Europeans arrived in the Americas, they caused so much death and disease that it changed the global climate, a new study finds.
European settlers killed 56 million indigenous people over about 100 years in South, Central and North America, causing large swaths of farmland to be abandoned and reforested, researchers at University College London, or UCL, estimate. The increase in trees and vegetation across an area the size of France resulted in a massive decrease in carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere, according to the study.
Carbon levels changed enough to cool the Earth by 1610, researchers found. Columbus arrived in 1492.
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The All-American Bombardier
Here is a list of the countries bombed and/or invaded by the United States from the end of the Second World War to 2023:
China 1945-46
Korea 1950-53
China 1950-53
Guatemala 1954
Indonesia 1958
Cuba 1959-60
Guatemala 1960
Belgian Congo 1964
Guatemala 1964
Dominican Republic 1965-66
Peru 1965
Laos 1964-73
Vietnam 1961-73
Cambodia 1969-70
Guatemala 1967-69
Lebanon 1982-84
Grenada 1983-84
Libya 1986
El Salvador 1981-92
Nicaragua 1981-90
Iran 1987-88
Libya 1989
Panama 1989-90
Iraq 1991
Kuwait 1991
Somalia 1992-94
Bosnia 1995
Iran 1998
Sudan 1998
Afghanistan 1998
Yugoslavia – Serbia 1999
Afghanistan 2001
Libya 2011
Iraq and Syria 2014 –
Somalia 2011 –
Iran 2020 –
Note that these countries represent roughly one-third of the people on earth.
This list makes it seem clear that the United States has been as bellicose as any other country in the history of the world. At least, it seems clear to non-Americans. Less clear are the reasons behind the bellicosity, the reasons that so few Americans realize how bellicose they are, and the reasons that so many Americans believe their country to be peaceable and benign.
To see how this process works in the White House—to see how inaccurately American presidents are informed—read For the President's Eyes Only by the Cambridge historian Christopher Andrew. To appreciate more fully the incompetence and outrageousness of the CIA, read Legacy of Ashes by the Pulitzer Prize-winning New York Times reporter Tim Winer.
Here is a list of the countries bombed and/or invaded by the United States from the end of the Second World War to 2023:
China 1945-46
Korea 1950-53
China 1950-53
Guatemala 1954
Indonesia 1958
Cuba 1959-60
Guatemala 1960
Belgian Congo 1964
Guatemala 1964
Dominican Republic 1965-66
Peru 1965
Laos 1964-73
Vietnam 1961-73
Cambodia 1969-70
Guatemala 1967-69
Lebanon 1982-84
Grenada 1983-84
Libya 1986
El Salvador 1981-92
Nicaragua 1981-90
Iran 1987-88
Libya 1989
Panama 1989-90
Iraq 1991
Kuwait 1991
Somalia 1992-94
Bosnia 1995
Iran 1998
Sudan 1998
Afghanistan 1998
Yugoslavia – Serbia 1999
Afghanistan 2001
Libya 2011
Iraq and Syria 2014 –
Somalia 2011 –
Iran 2020 –
Note that these countries represent roughly one-third of the people on earth.
This list makes it seem clear that the United States has been as bellicose as any other country in the history of the world. At least, it seems clear to non-Americans. Less clear are the reasons behind the bellicosity, the reasons that so few Americans realize how bellicose they are, and the reasons that so many Americans believe their country to be peaceable and benign.
To see how this process works in the White House—to see how inaccurately American presidents are informed—read For the President's Eyes Only by the Cambridge historian Christopher Andrew. To appreciate more fully the incompetence and outrageousness of the CIA, read Legacy of Ashes by the Pulitzer Prize-winning New York Times reporter Tim Winer.
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#Francia || Continúan las protestas masivas en Francia contra la reforma de las pensiones, este martes se cumplen 10 días de tensión en el país.
#franceprotest 🔥
#franceprotest 🔥
France Protest Updates 🇫🇷🔥
We strongly condemn the crackdown on peaceful protests by the French people.
We call on the French government to respect #human_rights and avoid using force against its people who are pursuing their demands in a peaceful manner.
We strongly condemn the crackdown on peaceful protests by the French people.
We call on the French government to respect #human_rights and avoid using force against its people who are pursuing their demands in a peaceful manner.
Palestine Action shut down & spray ADS group, agents of the world’s largest weapons companies, including Israel’s Elbit systems #ShutElbitDown ADS lobby the govt on behalf of weapons dealers, & organise arms fairs. they are cheerleaders for the destruction of Palestine & Yemen.
#FreePalestine
#FreePalestine
Three Palestine Actionists arrested after they shut down ADS group, lobbyists and dealers for Israel’s largest arms firm #ShutElbitDown
FIFA strips Indonesia of U-20 World Cup after calls for Israel ban
Wayan Koster, governor of the resort island of Bali, had sent a letter to Indonesia’s sports ministry requesting Israel be banned from competing in the province.
“The governor of Bali also stated in the letter that the provincial government of Bali refused (to allow) the Israeli team to compete in Bali,”
The official draw for the tournament was scheduled to take place in Bali this week but was canceled.
Soccer’s world governing body FIFA has stripped Indonesia of its right to host the Under-20 Men’s World Cup later this year after an Indonesian official objected to the participation of Israel.
Wayan Koster, governor of the resort island of Bali, had sent a letter to Indonesia’s sports ministry requesting Israel be banned from competing in the province.
“The governor of Bali also stated in the letter that the provincial government of Bali refused (to allow) the Israeli team to compete in Bali,”
The official draw for the tournament was scheduled to take place in Bali this week but was canceled.
Soccer’s world governing body FIFA has stripped Indonesia of its right to host the Under-20 Men’s World Cup later this year after an Indonesian official objected to the participation of Israel.
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🇲🇲 Myanmar military regime chief vows to crush resistance amid civil war that has ravaged the country since the 2021 military coup and claimed the lives of tens of thousands of people.
We urge the UN to speak out.
We urge the UN to speak out.
13 years ago today, Julian Assange released a video showing US Forces firing on Iraqi civilians, including children. Now he faces up to 175 years in prison for publishing it.
Save Al Aqsa
Palestinians attacked in Israel’s raid on Al-Aqsa
Hundreds of Palestinians were detained by Israeli forces after spending the night worshipping in Al-Aqsa Mosque.
The city of Jerusalem is still tense in the aftermath of overnight raids by Israeli forces on Palestinian Muslim worshippers who were in the Al-Aqsa Mosque after nighttime tarawih prayers.
The raids went on into the morning, with images circulating of Israeli soldiers dragging and beating worshippers to get them out of the mosque, shortly before the compound, known as al-Haram al-Sharif to Muslims, was opened for non-Muslim visitors.
Al-Haram al-Sharif hosts Islam’s third-holiest site, the Al-Aqsa Mosque, and the Dome of the Rock, which is believed to be where the Prophet Muhammad ascended to heaven. Jews call the compound Temple Mount and believe the Biblical Jewish temples once stood there. Although mainstream Judaism forbids prayer on the site, the compound has been a source of tensions for decades.
‘Violation of our holy places’
Part of Muslim worship is the act of “itikaf” – when worshippers shut themselves off from the world and spend a prolonged period in prayer and contemplation. This period can be days on end.
Many observant Muslims believe that itikaf during Ramadan is especially blessed, with Prophetic tradition saying that 10 days is the ideal length of an itikaf during the holy month.
For Palestinian Muslims, the Al-Aqsa Mosque is a beloved icon of their faith. For Palestinian Muslims in Jerusalem, it is also the one place where they want to worship during Ramadan.
Ghosts of ps
Palestinians attacked in Israel’s raid on Al-Aqsa
Hundreds of Palestinians were detained by Israeli forces after spending the night worshipping in Al-Aqsa Mosque.
The city of Jerusalem is still tense in the aftermath of overnight raids by Israeli forces on Palestinian Muslim worshippers who were in the Al-Aqsa Mosque after nighttime tarawih prayers.
The raids went on into the morning, with images circulating of Israeli soldiers dragging and beating worshippers to get them out of the mosque, shortly before the compound, known as al-Haram al-Sharif to Muslims, was opened for non-Muslim visitors.
Al-Haram al-Sharif hosts Islam’s third-holiest site, the Al-Aqsa Mosque, and the Dome of the Rock, which is believed to be where the Prophet Muhammad ascended to heaven. Jews call the compound Temple Mount and believe the Biblical Jewish temples once stood there. Although mainstream Judaism forbids prayer on the site, the compound has been a source of tensions for decades.
‘Violation of our holy places’
Part of Muslim worship is the act of “itikaf” – when worshippers shut themselves off from the world and spend a prolonged period in prayer and contemplation. This period can be days on end.
Many observant Muslims believe that itikaf during Ramadan is especially blessed, with Prophetic tradition saying that 10 days is the ideal length of an itikaf during the holy month.
For Palestinian Muslims, the Al-Aqsa Mosque is a beloved icon of their faith. For Palestinian Muslims in Jerusalem, it is also the one place where they want to worship during Ramadan.
Ghosts of ps
Israel is heavily bombing the Gaza Strip — the world's largest open air prison, where more than 2 million Palestinians have nowhere to go.
#Gaza #Gaza_under_attack
#Gaza #Gaza_under_attack
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Celebrities with a history of protest
Despite calls for actors, athletes, musicians, and other celebrities to eschew activism to focus on entertainment, there is a long-standing precedent for famous people to leverage their platforms to enact change.
From Harry Belafonte and Sidney Poitier establishing themselves as leaders during the civil rights movement to Leonardo DiCaprio and Jane Fonda among many stars pushing for environmental protections and justice, hundreds if not thousands of celebrities in the last century have pushed the needle on a wide variety of causes. Today’s celebrities commonly use their mantles to protest animal cruelty, police brutality, government surveillance, military action, environmental injustice, and civil rights among dozens of other causes.
Stacker has highlighted 50 celebrities from the last 75 years with a history of protest. Our list includes actors, athletes, and musicians. Several of the contemporary stars made headlines in 2020 for their efforts in support of the Black Lives Matter movement, appearing at numerous protests in the wake of the killings of Breonna Taylor, George Floyd, and many others. Others were instrumental in successful efforts to shut down the Keystone XL pipeline.
https://stacker.com/celebrities/celebrities-history-protest
Despite calls for actors, athletes, musicians, and other celebrities to eschew activism to focus on entertainment, there is a long-standing precedent for famous people to leverage their platforms to enact change.
From Harry Belafonte and Sidney Poitier establishing themselves as leaders during the civil rights movement to Leonardo DiCaprio and Jane Fonda among many stars pushing for environmental protections and justice, hundreds if not thousands of celebrities in the last century have pushed the needle on a wide variety of causes. Today’s celebrities commonly use their mantles to protest animal cruelty, police brutality, government surveillance, military action, environmental injustice, and civil rights among dozens of other causes.
Stacker has highlighted 50 celebrities from the last 75 years with a history of protest. Our list includes actors, athletes, and musicians. Several of the contemporary stars made headlines in 2020 for their efforts in support of the Black Lives Matter movement, appearing at numerous protests in the wake of the killings of Breonna Taylor, George Floyd, and many others. Others were instrumental in successful efforts to shut down the Keystone XL pipeline.
https://stacker.com/celebrities/celebrities-history-protest
More than 50 people attending a pro-democracy gathering were killed in an airstrike in a village in northwestern #Myanmar.
A military fighter jet dropped bombs on the assembly and a helicopter fired at people, the villager said.
#WhatsHappeningInMyanmar
A military fighter jet dropped bombs on the assembly and a helicopter fired at people, the villager said.
#WhatsHappeningInMyanmar
Why the conflict in Sudan is worrying its neighbours
A conflict raging in Sudan is rattling its neighbours and other countries for reasons ranging from concern about shared Nile waters and oil pipelines to the shape of a new government and a new humanitarian crisis in the making.
Sudan, which relies heavily on foreign aid, is no stranger to conflict. But this time, fighting is tearing apart the capital instead of a remote area of the nation, which lies in an unstable region bordering the Red Sea, Sahel and Horn of Africa.
Five of Sudan’s seven neighbours – Ethiopia, Chad, the Central African Republic, Libya and South Sudan – have faced political upheaval or conflict themselves in recent years.
The fighting that erupted between the army and paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF) on Saturday in Khartoum has derailed an internationally backed plan for a transition to civilian rule after the 2019 removal of Omar al-Bashir.
A conflict raging in Sudan is rattling its neighbours and other countries for reasons ranging from concern about shared Nile waters and oil pipelines to the shape of a new government and a new humanitarian crisis in the making.
Sudan, which relies heavily on foreign aid, is no stranger to conflict. But this time, fighting is tearing apart the capital instead of a remote area of the nation, which lies in an unstable region bordering the Red Sea, Sahel and Horn of Africa.
Five of Sudan’s seven neighbours – Ethiopia, Chad, the Central African Republic, Libya and South Sudan – have faced political upheaval or conflict themselves in recent years.
The fighting that erupted between the army and paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF) on Saturday in Khartoum has derailed an internationally backed plan for a transition to civilian rule after the 2019 removal of Omar al-Bashir.
Environmental campaign group Extinction Rebellion has begun four days of action in London, promising less disruption and more inclusion than the mass blockades that became its trademark.