Forwarded from VK IAS- UPSC Environment by Vikas kanukollu
#Environment #Geography
🔴GS1 Urbanization
🔴GS3 Infrastructure
🔴GS3- Economic growth-> Green growth/sustainable growth
🎖GS-1 : Impact of ocean waves on life - click here
🔴Rain or tide based flooding
🎖Join
@hinduhighlights for News analysis
@upschighlights for prelims info
@ecologyhighlights for high value environment and Geography snippets from news
🔴GS1 Urbanization
🔴GS3 Infrastructure
🔴GS3- Economic growth-> Green growth/sustainable growth
🎖GS-1 : Impact of ocean waves on life - click here
🔴Rain or tide based flooding
🎖Join
@hinduhighlights for News analysis
@upschighlights for prelims info
@ecologyhighlights for high value environment and Geography snippets from news
Forwarded from VK IAS by Vikas kanukollu (VK)
✅Renewable energy- solar energy- Spatial and temporal analysis of any industry is a common theme in geography- Yes you may not find direct answers in textbooks always- UPSC is no longer an exam for reproduction of information
1) Importance of Solar power for Self reliance- click here
2) Regional variation- General question from static textbooks also you can use example of- solar cities
3) Issues - Not the demand of the question here but just quoting for any future reference: Click here
1) Importance of Solar power for Self reliance- click here
2) Regional variation- General question from static textbooks also you can use example of- solar cities
3) Issues - Not the demand of the question here but just quoting for any future reference: Click here
Forwarded from VK IAS by Vikas kanukollu (VK)
Gs -1 : Geography- Impact of climate change on climate
🛑Rains in January are a rare phenomenon in Kerala. Data from meteorological station at Indian Cardamom Research Institute, Myladumpara, Idukki district shows that the rainfall received during 1-10 Jan is the highest since the last 30 years.
🛑For cardamom, this untimely rain has been a blessing in disguise as the cropping season got extended and farmers could avoid irrigation thus far.
🛑This rain due to LaNiña has caused havoc in crops like rice which was ready for harvest in many places.It has adversely affected crops like mango, cashew, banana & rubber.
🛑Impact of La Niña: it impacts global climate & disrupts normal weather patterns, which can lead to intense storms in some places and droughts in others. La Nina conditions played an important factor in having a good monsoon
🛑Rains in January are a rare phenomenon in Kerala. Data from meteorological station at Indian Cardamom Research Institute, Myladumpara, Idukki district shows that the rainfall received during 1-10 Jan is the highest since the last 30 years.
🛑For cardamom, this untimely rain has been a blessing in disguise as the cropping season got extended and farmers could avoid irrigation thus far.
🛑This rain due to LaNiña has caused havoc in crops like rice which was ready for harvest in many places.It has adversely affected crops like mango, cashew, banana & rubber.
🛑Impact of La Niña: it impacts global climate & disrupts normal weather patterns, which can lead to intense storms in some places and droughts in others. La Nina conditions played an important factor in having a good monsoon
Forwarded from VK IAS by Vikas kanukollu (VK)
#Geography
✅Gs -1 : Geography- Impact of climate change on climate-
Reasons for droughts- How meeting paris climate deal targets can actually help us?
✅Gs -1 : Geography- Impact of climate change on climate-
Reasons for droughts- How meeting paris climate deal targets can actually help us?
Forwarded from VK IAS by Vikas kanukollu (VK)
#Geography #Environment
✅Gs 1- Geography- Changes to geological features- impact on environment
🔴Example : Brahmaputra - Impact of dams on ecosystem and livelihoods-click here
🔴Irrigation- Dams and its needs- Click here
🔴Dams-Impact on biodiversity- click here
🎖Impact of Minimum ecological flow- click here
🔴Dams- hydropower- click here
🔴Dams to check rising sea levels- Click here
🎖Dams as a source of Inter state conflict has been the only dimension that we focussed upon till now- the issue is beyond that now - the Interstate River Water Disputes Amendment act 2019 and the Dam Safety bill 2019 seek to deal with the emerging challenges of inter-state water governance
✅Agenda of future federal water governance is not limited to these issues alone.
⚠️Water Knows No political Boundaries
🎖A NITI Aayog report held that 21 major cities are expected to run out of groundwater as soon as 2020 which may affect nearly 100 million people.
🎖way forward = Multi-Stakeholder Approach-
✅Gs 1- Geography- Changes to geological features- impact on environment
🔴Example : Brahmaputra - Impact of dams on ecosystem and livelihoods-click here
🔴Irrigation- Dams and its needs- Click here
🔴Dams-Impact on biodiversity- click here
🎖Impact of Minimum ecological flow- click here
🔴Dams- hydropower- click here
🔴Dams to check rising sea levels- Click here
🎖Dams as a source of Inter state conflict has been the only dimension that we focussed upon till now- the issue is beyond that now - the Interstate River Water Disputes Amendment act 2019 and the Dam Safety bill 2019 seek to deal with the emerging challenges of inter-state water governance
✅Agenda of future federal water governance is not limited to these issues alone.
⚠️Water Knows No political Boundaries
🎖A NITI Aayog report held that 21 major cities are expected to run out of groundwater as soon as 2020 which may affect nearly 100 million people.
🎖way forward = Multi-Stakeholder Approach-
Forwarded from VK IAS by Vikas kanukollu (VK)
#Geography
✅Gs1- Geography- impact of climate change on geographical features-
🎖What is glacial outburst?(Definition as per encyclopedia)
🔴A glacial lake outburst flood is a type of outburst flood that occurs when the dam containing a glacial lake fails
🔴Glaciers are large bodies of ice moving slowly. So, when a glacier retreats, it leaves behind a large impression in the ground, filling it with water and a lake is formed.
🔴This is known as a moraine, which can be impounded by precarious pile of debris and buried ice
✅Gs1- Geography- impact of climate change on geographical features-
🎖What is glacial outburst?(Definition as per encyclopedia)
🔴A glacial lake outburst flood is a type of outburst flood that occurs when the dam containing a glacial lake fails
🔴Glaciers are large bodies of ice moving slowly. So, when a glacier retreats, it leaves behind a large impression in the ground, filling it with water and a lake is formed.
🔴This is known as a moraine, which can be impounded by precarious pile of debris and buried ice
Forwarded from VK IAS by Vikas kanukollu (VK)
#Geography
✅Gs1- Geography- impact of climate change on geographical features-
🎖What is glacial Retreat?
✅Gs1- Geography- impact of climate change on geographical features-
🎖What is glacial Retreat?
Forwarded from VK IAS by Vikas kanukollu (VK)
#Geography #Environment
✅Gs 1- Geography- Changes to geological features- impact on environment- Click here
⚠️What do you mean by para glacial landform
🎖Case study : Brahmaputra- Impact of dams on ecosystem and livelihoods- Click here
✅Gs 1- Geography- Changes to geological features- impact on environment- Click here
⚠️What do you mean by para glacial landform
🎖Case study : Brahmaputra- Impact of dams on ecosystem and livelihoods- Click here
Forwarded from VK IAS- prelims (UPSC highlights)
#Geography #Mapping
✅Uttarakhand - Chamoli Deluge- Deluge = Huge flood- is supposedly caused by a land slide but not GLOF as expected- As of now, this information is enough- Unless you are a student of Geography optional- wait for the details to emerge.
🎖Join @upschighlights for prelims info
@quizhighlights for 2021 prelims Tests
✅Uttarakhand - Chamoli Deluge- Deluge = Huge flood- is supposedly caused by a land slide but not GLOF as expected- As of now, this information is enough- Unless you are a student of Geography optional- wait for the details to emerge.
🎖Join @upschighlights for prelims info
@quizhighlights for 2021 prelims Tests
Forwarded from VK IAS by Vikas kanukollu (VK)
#Disaster
✅GS1- Geography
✅GS3- Disaster management
🎖Make a note on this topic by answering these questions
🔴What is a Glacial lake and what is a Glacial lake outburst flood(GLOF)? Why are they increasing
🔴Why is it threat ?- How does the slope of a terrain affect the damage it causes?- < Also the answer for why it is more of a threat in sikkim than in uttarakhand?
🔴Magnitude of a threat - Note down some supportive facts or statements from official sources- Not many- Just one or two would do
🔴Factors contributing for GLOF- Think just beyond climate change< think dams and hydroprojects' impact>
🔴What are the NDMA guidelines?- Click here
⚠️Challenges :
🔴1) Technical challenges- lack of data etc
🔴2) operational challenges
🔴3) Planning challenges
🔴4) Post disaster phase challenges
✅Way forward : Link this to sendai framework.
✅GS1- Geography
✅GS3- Disaster management
🎖Make a note on this topic by answering these questions
🔴What is a Glacial lake and what is a Glacial lake outburst flood(GLOF)? Why are they increasing
🔴Why is it threat ?- How does the slope of a terrain affect the damage it causes?- < Also the answer for why it is more of a threat in sikkim than in uttarakhand?
🔴Magnitude of a threat - Note down some supportive facts or statements from official sources- Not many- Just one or two would do
🔴Factors contributing for GLOF- Think just beyond climate change< think dams and hydroprojects' impact>
🔴What are the NDMA guidelines?- Click here
⚠️Challenges :
🔴1) Technical challenges- lack of data etc
🔴2) operational challenges
🔴3) Planning challenges
🔴4) Post disaster phase challenges
✅Way forward : Link this to sendai framework.
Forwarded from VK IAS by Vikas kanukollu (VK)
#Geography #Environment
✅Gs 1- Geography- Changes to geological features- impact on environment- Click here
🎖This issue becomes complex with the problem of ageing dams- Dams as a source of Inter state conflict has been the only dimension that we focussed upon till now- the issue is beyond that now - the Interstate River Water Disputes Amendment act 2019 and the Dam Safety bill 2019 seek to deal with the emerging challenges of inter-state water governance
⚠️Agenda of future federal water governance is not limited to these issues alone.- It is relevant for climate change as well - click here to know more about this issue
✅Gs 1- Geography- Changes to geological features- impact on environment- Click here
🎖This issue becomes complex with the problem of ageing dams- Dams as a source of Inter state conflict has been the only dimension that we focussed upon till now- the issue is beyond that now - the Interstate River Water Disputes Amendment act 2019 and the Dam Safety bill 2019 seek to deal with the emerging challenges of inter-state water governance
⚠️Agenda of future federal water governance is not limited to these issues alone.- It is relevant for climate change as well - click here to know more about this issue
Forwarded from VK IAS by Vikas kanukollu (VK)
#Geography #Environment
✅Gs 1- Geography- Changes to geological features- impact on environment- Read about the uttarakhand disaster details and the comments in this article
🛑Disaster management - NDMA guidelines- click here
✅Gs 1- Geography- Changes to geological features- impact on environment- Read about the uttarakhand disaster details and the comments in this article
🛑Disaster management - NDMA guidelines- click here
Forwarded from VK IAS by Vikas kanukollu (VK)
#Geography #Environment
✅Gs 1- Geography- Changes to geological features- impact on environment-Ganga- Alakananda color change issue
🎖Where does alakananda rise?- Satopanth Glacier
✅Gs 1- Geography- Changes to geological features- impact on environment-Ganga- Alakananda color change issue
🎖Where does alakananda rise?- Satopanth Glacier
Forwarded from VK IAS by Vikas kanukollu (VK)
#Geography #Environment
✅Gs 1- Geography- Changes to geological features
🔴 How the change in agricultural patterns is effecting rainfall in the northeast?- Click here
✅Gs 1- Geography- Changes to geological features
🔴 How the change in agricultural patterns is effecting rainfall in the northeast?- Click here
Forwarded from VK IAS by Vikas kanukollu (VK)
#Polity
✅Gs-2 : Federalism- centre - state relations- Union territories - Problems of Union territories with legislatures- the issue of their autonomy- vis-a-vis - LG/ administrator
⚠️Peculiar point about UTs: is that The creation of union territories= expression of India’s geography/ local culture i.e. they are strategically under central govt - either due to geography/ culture administrative ease or strategic location
🔴But 3 UTs have legislatures of their own with a central govt appointed head(LG/adminsirtator) : Puducherry, Delhi, Jammu kashmir
✅While the LG of Delhi is guided by the Government of National Capital Territory of Delhi Act, 1991, , the LG of Puducherry is guided mostly by the Government of Union Territories Act, 1963.
⚠️Note : Articles 239 and 239AA of the Constitution, -IN Delhi is a UT,LG role > than in Puducherry.- click here
🎖Issue : Non cooperative federalism between ruling party appointed administrator and Opposition ruled Legislations and anti defection
✅Gs-2 : Federalism- centre - state relations- Union territories - Problems of Union territories with legislatures- the issue of their autonomy- vis-a-vis - LG/ administrator
⚠️Peculiar point about UTs: is that The creation of union territories= expression of India’s geography/ local culture i.e. they are strategically under central govt - either due to geography/ culture administrative ease or strategic location
🔴But 3 UTs have legislatures of their own with a central govt appointed head(LG/adminsirtator) : Puducherry, Delhi, Jammu kashmir
✅While the LG of Delhi is guided by the Government of National Capital Territory of Delhi Act, 1991, , the LG of Puducherry is guided mostly by the Government of Union Territories Act, 1963.
⚠️Note : Articles 239 and 239AA of the Constitution, -IN Delhi is a UT,LG role > than in Puducherry.- click here
🎖Issue : Non cooperative federalism between ruling party appointed administrator and Opposition ruled Legislations and anti defection
Forwarded from VK IAS- UPSC Environment by Vikas kanukollu
✅GS1- Geography- Ocean floor studies
✅What is bathymetry?
🔴Bathymetry is the study of underwater depth of ocean floors or lake floors. In other words, bathymetry is the underwater equivalent to hypsometry or topography.- click here for more details
✅Why is INCOIS doing this? - Under which ministry does it come?- What is its mandate?- Click here
Join
@hinduhighlights for News analysis
@upschighlights for prelims info
@ecologyhighlights for high value environment and Geography snippets from news
✅What is bathymetry?
🔴Bathymetry is the study of underwater depth of ocean floors or lake floors. In other words, bathymetry is the underwater equivalent to hypsometry or topography.- click here for more details
✅Why is INCOIS doing this? - Under which ministry does it come?- What is its mandate?- Click here
Join
@hinduhighlights for News analysis
@upschighlights for prelims info
@ecologyhighlights for high value environment and Geography snippets from news
Forwarded from VK IAS by Vikas kanukollu (VK)
✅GS1 : Geography- river systems
#Riverlinking #Water
✅GS2 : inter state water disputes- most contentious issues in the Indian federalism- Read about NITI ayog's policy recommendation on river basin management and its criticism written by a prev member of central water commission- click here
🔴Cauvery river water management board being shifted to Jal shakti Ministry- controversy- click here
🔴Other related issue- Central body for river linking projects and corresponding issues in federalism- click here
⚠️Also read about other controversial projects - Kalasa-Banduri Nala Project
#Riverlinking #Water
✅GS2 : inter state water disputes- most contentious issues in the Indian federalism- Read about NITI ayog's policy recommendation on river basin management and its criticism written by a prev member of central water commission- click here
🔴Cauvery river water management board being shifted to Jal shakti Ministry- controversy- click here
🔴Other related issue- Central body for river linking projects and corresponding issues in federalism- click here
⚠️Also read about other controversial projects - Kalasa-Banduri Nala Project
Forwarded from VK IAS by Vikas kanukollu (VK)
#Geography #Environment
✅Gs 1- Geography-Importance of Dam safety
🎖Dams as a source of Inter state conflict
✅What is rule curve- click here
✅Gs 1- Geography-Importance of Dam safety
🎖Dams as a source of Inter state conflict
✅What is rule curve- click here
Forwarded from VK IAS by Vikas kanukollu (VK)
#Geography #Minerals
✅Gs1- Geography- Mineral resources- Helium and its uses
🔴Commercial applications of gaseous helium are : welding, purging, pressurization and generation of controlled atmospheres.
🔴Other uses are for leak detection, deep sea diving breathing mixtures, chromatography and as a lifting gas for blimps and balloons.
🎖Helium is conventionally derived from petroleum gas fields- Since in India such favourable natural gas deposits are not explored yet, it seems logical to look for it in the unconventional terrestrial sources such as thermal spring emanations and monazite sands.
✅Gs1- Geography- Mineral resources- Helium and its uses
🔴Commercial applications of gaseous helium are : welding, purging, pressurization and generation of controlled atmospheres.
🔴Other uses are for leak detection, deep sea diving breathing mixtures, chromatography and as a lifting gas for blimps and balloons.
🎖Helium is conventionally derived from petroleum gas fields- Since in India such favourable natural gas deposits are not explored yet, it seems logical to look for it in the unconventional terrestrial sources such as thermal spring emanations and monazite sands.
Forwarded from VK IAS by Vikas kanukollu (VK)
✅GS1 : Geography- river systems
🔴GS1- What is river linking project? Establish the link between himalayan and peninsular drainage systems
🔴GS2- Inter state relations and centre state relations- which list covers river disputes in schedule 7?
🔴Ken-betwa linkages?- What is the protected area in the region that would be affected?- Click here
🔴GS1- What is river linking project? Establish the link between himalayan and peninsular drainage systems
🔴GS2- Inter state relations and centre state relations- which list covers river disputes in schedule 7?
🔴Ken-betwa linkages?- What is the protected area in the region that would be affected?- Click here
Forwarded from VK IAS by Vikas kanukollu (VK)
✅GS1 : Geography- river systems- Ken Betwa river linking
🎖GS1- What is river linking project? Establish the link between himalayan and peninsular drainage systems- click here
✅Things to note :
🔴1) What are the assumed benefits?
🔴2) Would this project stand the test of cost benefit analysis?
🔴3) What are the issues?
🎖GS1- What is river linking project? Establish the link between himalayan and peninsular drainage systems- click here
✅Things to note :
🔴1) What are the assumed benefits?
🔴2) Would this project stand the test of cost benefit analysis?
🔴3) What are the issues?