🔰Tenses in the Passive Voice.
_______

🌹 Past Tenses in the Passive Voice.

A) Simple Past Passive.
Sub + was/were + V3.

e.g1)🔻 Leul killed the rat.(Active)

🔺The rat was killed.(passive)

e.g2) He invited us.(active).

We were invited.(passive)

B)past continuous passive.
Sub +was/were+being +V3.

e.g1) Sisay was writing a letter.(Active).

A letter was being written by Sisay.(passive).

e.g2) He was inviting us.(Active).

We were being invited.(passive)

C)Past perfect passive.
Sub + had + been + V3.

e.g1) Leul had killed the rat.( active).

The rat had been killed by Leul.( passive).

🌹 Present Tense in the Passive Voice.

A) Simple present passive.
Sub + is/am/are + V3.

e.g1) Leul kills the rat.(Active).
The rat is killed.(passive).

e.g2) He invites me.(Active
I am invited.(passive)

e.g3) He invites us.(active)
We are invited.(passive)

e.g4) Apes adore banana.(active)
Banana is adored by Apes.(passive)


B)present continuous passive.

Sub + is/am/are + being + V3.

e.g1) He is inviting me.(active).
I am being invited.(passive).

e.g2) He is inviting us.(active).
We are being invited.(passive).

e.g3) Sisay is writing a letter.(active).
A letter is being written.( passive).

C)present perfect passive.
Sub + has/have + been + V3.

e.g1) Kids has played football.( active)
Football has been played.(passive).

e.g2) He has invited them.( active).
They have been invited by him.( passive).

🌹Future Tense in the passive voice.

A) simple future passive.
Sub + will + be + V3.

e.g1)He will invite us.(active)
We will be invited.(passive)

B)Future perfect passive.
Sub + will + have + been + V3.

e.g1) He will have invited us.( active).

We will have been invited by him.( passive).

🌹 Modal auxiliary verb in the passive voice.

Modal auxiliary verbs የሚባሉት May, Must, Ought to, Can, Could, Might...etc ናቸው።

Sub + modal auxiliary verb + be + V3.

e.g1) She must buy some cookies.(active).
Some cookies must be bought by her.(passive).

e.g2) Corona Virus can kill humans.(active).
Humans can be killed by corona virus.(passive).

ስለዚህ active voice ወደ passive voice ለመቀየር የ ቴንስ ፎርሞቹን( tense forms) በጥንቃቄ መያዝ አለብን።

አሁን ደግሞ rules አሉ ፡ እነሱን እንመልከት።

Rule 1
The passive voice can be used with all tenses.However, past perfect continuous, present perfect continuous, future continuous and future perfect continuous are not frequently used in the passive voice.

Rule 2
Intransitive verbs are not used in passive voice. Verbs like die, sneeze, disappear, vanish, go, sleep, sit etc are intransitive verbs.

🔷 Examples

❌ The old woman was died last week.(wrong).
✔️ The old woman died last week.(correct).

❌ He has been disappeared. (wrong).
✔️ He has disappeared.( correct).

Rule 3
When the subject of the active sentence is negative word like nobody, nothing and no one, the passive form will be negative.
🔴Examples

Nobody knows the book.(active).
The book is not known.(passive).

No one has reached the secrets.(active).
The secrets have not been reached.

📌 ማስታወሻ:-

የመጀመሪያ አመት የዩኒቨርሲቲ ተማሪዎች ከምትወስዱት Communicative English ኮርስ ላይ active ወደ passive ወይም passive ወደ active ቀይሩ ተብሎ ብዙ ጥያቄ ስለሚወጣበት ፎርሞቹን(forms) በደንብ ልትይዙ ይገባል።

✍👨‍🏫👩‍🏫 በቀጣይ ደግሞ Active voice እንዴት ወደ passive voice እንደሚቀየር የሚያሳዩ ህጎችን እንዲሁም ከዚህ ጋር የተያያዙ ህጎችን እናያለን።

✅MODAL VERBS

📚List of Modal Verbs

What is a modal verb?

The modal verbs of English are a small class of auxiliary verbs used to express possibility, obligation, advice, permission, ability, …

Modal verbs list in the English language: Can, Could, May, Might, Will, Would, Must, Shall, Should, Ought to…

Modal Verbs: Rules & Examples

Learn how and when to use modal verbs in English with rules and example sentences.

🎯1. ‘Can’ and ‘could’ are used to refer to skills and abilities.
For example:

He can cover a hundred metres in under ten seconds.

My father could see perfectly before the age of fifty.

I can’t ride a horse.

🎯2. ‘Must’ is used to indicate that something is necessary or of extreme importance, and ‘should’ is used to suggest that something is advisable.
For example:

You must do your homework.

You mustn’t skip school.

You should say sorry.

You shouldn’t smoke.

🎯3. ‘Can’, ‘could’ and ‘may’ are used to ask for, give and withhold permission.
For example:

Can I try my hand at it?

Could we disperse early today?

You may not enter the premises.

🎯4. ‘Will’ and ‘would’ are used to refer to habits and inclinations.
For example:

When I was a child, I would often climb trees.

I will never refuse you anything.

He would never do such a thing.

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