Article 28

#Tungnath_Temple

#PanchKedars

#DPSP@GSANDGA

Amendments

Physics

#KEPLER THIRD LAW

( Article 123, 213 )

Success isn’t built overnight; it’s built in small, consistent steps that add up. Keep your mind calm, your efforts steady, and your heart hopeful

On the days you feel low, remind yourself:

📌You’ve already come a long way.

📌You are capable of more than you think.

📌Consistency beats intensity.

*🛡️Classification of Rocks*

*♟️Igneous Rocks:-*
Granite,
Basalt,
Diorite.

*♟️Metamorphic Rocks:-*
Gneiss (from Granite),
Marble (from Limestone),
Quartzite (from Silica),
Graphite (from Coal).

*♟️Sedimentary Rocks:-*
Limestone,
Sandstone,
Coal.

#GEOGRAPHY@GSANDGA

*🛡️Literature during Post-Gupta (600-1200)*

*💎Harshvardhana*
♟️Nagananda, Ratnavali, and Priyadarsika by Harshavardhana
♟️Harshacharita by Banabhatta.

*💎Yashovarman of Kannauj*
♟️Bhavabhuti: Malati Madhava, Uttararamacharita

*💎Pallavas*
♟️Mattavilasa Prahasana in Sanskrit by Mahendravarman I (600-630 CE)

*💎Rashtrakutas*
♟️Kavirajamarga, Pampa Bharata

*💎Gurjara Pratihara*
♟️Rajashekhara’s Karpuramanjari

*💎Western Chalukyas*
♟️Bilhana’s Vikramankadeva charita

*💎Kashmir*
♟️Kalhana’s Rajatarangini

*💎Solankis*
♟️Parishishtaparvan by Hemachandra

*💎Chauhans*
♟️Prithviraj Raso by Chand Bardai

*💎Pala Empire*
♟️Ramacharitam by Sandhyakar Nandi (1084 - 1155 CE).


#history

#HISTORY@GSANDGA

*🛡️Brihadeeswarar Temple*

♟️Brihadeeswarar Temple or Peruvudaiyar Kovil or Rajrajeshwaram temple at Thanjavur is the world’s first complete “granite” temple.

♟️It was built by Rajraja Chola-I and is a part of UNESCO’s world Heritage sites.

♟️It was dedicated by lord Shiva to Rajraja Chola I, when he triumphed Ilam (Sri Lanka) Island.

♟️The Vimana or the temple tower (known as Raja Gopuram) is one of the tallest buildings of its kind.

♟️The Nandi is carved out of a single rock.

⚜️Other important Chola temples include: Vijayalaya Cholisvara Temple, Thanjore; Koranganatha Temple, Srinivasanallur; Muvarkovil, Pudukkottai; Tiruvalisvaram
temple, Tiruneveli and Brihadeeswarar Temple,
Gangaikondacholapuram.

#TEMPLE@GSANDGA

#Temple

#STATICGK@GSANDGA

*🛡️ #Sangam Literature – Famous Texts*

*💎 #TRICK :-* TIRU SILA ETTU PATHU

♟️ *TIRU* → Tirukkural (By Thiruvalluvar – Ethics & Morality)

♟️ *SILA* → Silappadikaram (By Ilango Adigal – Story of Kannagi)

♟️ *ETTU* → Ettuthogai (Eight Anthologies)

♟️ *PATHU* → Pathupattu (Ten Idylls)

#history

#HISTORY@GSANDGA

*🛡️ #Gupta Coins*

♟️The imperial Gupta kings issued well-executed die-struck #gold coins with metrical legends in #Sanskrit.

♟️Known as #dinaras, these coins have been mostly found in north India.

♟️The obverse depicts the reigning king in various poses, usually #martial ones, but there are interesting instances of coins of Samudragupta and Kumaragupta I showing them playing the #vina (a stringed instrument).

♟️The reverse of the Gupta coins have religious symbols indicating the kings’ religious affiliations.

♟️There was a decline in the metallic purity of gold coins in the later part of
Skandagupta’s reign.

♟️The Guptas also issued silver coins, but their copper coins are rare.

#HISTORY@GSANDGA

#history

*🛡️National Park in #Uttarakhand*

💎Uttarakhand has 6 national parks, all located in the Himalayan and Terai regions:-

*♟️1. Jim Corbett National Park:–* Nainital & Pauri Garhwal districts (India’s first national park, famous for tigers).

*♟️2. Nanda Devi National Park:–* Chamoli district (UNESCO World Heritage Site, part of Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve).

*♟️3. Valley of Flowers National Park:–* Chamoli district (also UNESCO-listed, famous for alpine meadows and rare flora).

*♟️4. Gangotri National Park:–* Uttarkashi district (origin of River Ganga, high-altitude wildlife).

*♟️5. Govind National Park:–* Uttarkashi district (part of Govind Pashu Vihar, rich in Himalayan biodiversity).

*♟️6. Rajaji National Park:–* Dehradun, Haridwar & Pauri Garhwal districts (known for elephants and leopards).

#STATICGK@GSANDGA

#Tricks@GSANDGA

*🛡️ #Mnemonic - For All Imp. #President Articles*

*💎 #Mnemonic :- PETQOI*

*P :- President : 52*
*E :- Election : 54*
*T :- Term : 56*
*Q :- Qualifications : 58*
*O :- Oath : 60*
*I :- Impeachment : 61*

#POLITY@GSANDGA

#Polity

*🛡️Important #Folk _Paintings👇*

♟️Warli - Maharashtra
♟️Pattachitra - Odisha
♟️Kalamkari - Andhra Pradesh
♟️Kalighat - Calcutta

♟️Kalamezhuthu - Kerala
♟️Thangka - Sikkim

♟️Pithora Painting - Gujurat
♟️Thanjavur - Tami Nadu

♟️Madhubani, Manjusha (Snake painting) - Bihar.m

*करेंट अफेयर्स : 18 अगस्त 2025

*(Multiple Choice Q & A)*
--------------------------------------

1.*Recently, which state has announced to provide arms license through portal for self-defense to the people living in border areas?*
A. Sikkim
B. Mizoram
C. Tripura
D. Assam

1.*हाल ही में किस राज्य ने सीमावर्ती क्षेत्रों में रहने वाले लोगों को आत्मरक्षा हेतु पोर्टल द्वारा हथियार का लाइसेंस प्रदान करने की घोषणा की है?*
A. सिक्किम
B. मिजोरम
C. त्रिपुरा
D. असम

2.*Barda Wildlife Sanctuary of which state has emerged as the second home of Asiatic lions?*
A. Gujarat
B. Rajasthan
C. Haryana
D. Madhya Pradesh

2.*किस राज्य का बरदा वन्यजीव अभयारण्य एशियाई शेरों का दूसरा घर बनकर उभरा है?*
A. गुजरात
B. राजस्थान
C. हरियाणा
D. मध्य प्रदेश

3.*Recently, Lokesh Machines Company located in which place has developed India's first indigenous medium machine gun (MMG)?*
A. Chennai
B. Ahmedabad
C. Surat
D. Hyderabad

3.*हाल ही में कहाँ स्थित लोकेश मशीन्स कंपनी ने भारत की पहली स्वदेशी मीडियम मशीन गन (MMG) विकसित की है?*
A. चेन्नई
B. अहमदाबाद
C. सूरत
D. हैदराबाद

4.*On August 11-12, 2025, the Indian Navy warship conducted military exercise in which sea?*
A. Arabian Sea
B. Bay of Bengal
C. Aral Sea
D. Persian Gulf

4.*11-12 अगस्त, 2025 को भारतीय नौसेना के युद्धपोत ने किस सागर में सैन्य अभ्यास किया है?*
A. अरब सागर
B. बंगाल की खाड़ी
C. अरल सागर
D. फारस की खाड़ी

5.*What percentage of GST has been proposed to be imposed on sin goods category like tobacco products and cigarettes?*
A. 28%
B. 35%
C. 40%
D. 50%

5.*तंबाकू उत्पादों और सिगरेट जैसी सिन गुड्स कैटेगरी पर कितने प्रतिशत GST लगाने का प्रस्‍ताव दिया गया है?*
A. 28%
B. 35%
C. 40%
D. 50%

6.*Since when has NHAI successfully implemented the facility of 'FASTag Annual Pass' on national highways and expressways across the country?*
A. 15 August 2025
B. 16 August 2025
C. 17 August 2025
D. 18 August 2025

6.*NHAI ने कब से देश भर के राष्ट्रीय राजमार्गों और एक्सप्रेसवे पर 'फास्टैग वार्षिक पास' की सुविधा सफलतापूर्वक लागू कर दी है?*
A. 15 अगस्त 2025
B. 16 अगस्त 2025
C. 17 अगस्त 2025
D. 18 अगस्त 2025

7.*On 16 August 2025, on the occasion of Independence Day, in which country the Indian tricolor was hoisted for the first time on the 605 feet high Space Needle of Seattle?*
A. America
B. France
C. Britain
D. Germany

7.*16 अगस्त 2025 को स्वतंत्रता दिवस के उपलक्ष्य में किस देश में सिएटल के 605 फीट ऊंचे स्पेस नीडल पर पहली बार भारतीय तिरंगा फहराया गया?*
A. अमेरिका
B. फ्रांस
C. ब्रिटेन
D. जर्मनी

8.*In which city was the 'Waterways to Wonder: Unlocking Cruise Tourism' conference organized recently?*
A. Delhi
B. Gurgaon
C. Noida
D. Mumbai

8.*हाल ही में किस शहर में 'वाटरवेज टू वंडर: अनलॉकिंग क्रूज़ टूरिज्म' सम्मेलन का आयोजन किया गया?*
A. दिल्ली
B. गुरग्राम
C. नोएडा
D. मुंबई

9.*With more than what percentage of users at present, Fastag has revolutionized the electronic toll collection system in the country?*
A. 80%
B. 90%
C. 95%
D. 98%

9.*वर्तमान में कितने प्रतिशत से अधिक उपयोगकर्ताओं के साथ, फास्टैग ने देश में इलेक्ट्रॉनिक टोल कलेक्शन सिस्टम में क्रांति ला दी है?*
A. 80%
B. 90%
C. 95%
D. 98%

10.*Recently S&P Global has raised India's long-term sovereign credit rating from 'BBB-' to:*
A. 'A-3'
B. 'A-2'
C. 'BBB'
D. 'BBB+'

10.*हाल ही में एसएंडपी ग्लोबल ने भारत की दीर्घकालिक सॉवरेन क्रेडिट रेटिंग को 'BBB-' से बढ़ाकर कर दिया है:*
A. 'A-3'
B. 'A-2'
C. 'BBB'
D. 'BBB+'

11.*How many 'Soil Health Cards' have been distributed so far across the country under the “Swasth Dhara, Khet Hara” initiative?*
A. 20 crore
B. 25 crore
C. 30 crore
D. 35 crore

11.*“स्वस्थ धरा, खेत हरा” पहल के तहत देश भर में अब तक कितने ‘मृदा स्वास्थ्य कार्ड’ वितरित किये जा चुके हैं?*
A. 20 करोड़
B. 25 करोड़
C. 30 करोड़
D. 35 करोड़

12.*According to 'Global Findex 2025' published by the World Bank, account ownership in India has reached what percentage in the year 2025?*
A. 79%
B. 89%
C. 99%
D. 100%

12.*विश्व बैंक द्वारा प्रकाशित ‘ग्लोबल फिनडेक्स 2025’ के अनुसार वर्ष 2025 में भारत में खाता स्वामित्व कितने प्रतिशत तक पहुंच गया है?*
A. 79%
B. 89%
C. 99%
D. 100%