🔆Green Hydrogen Certification Scheme of India (GHCI)

✅The Government of India has recently initiated a green hydrogen certification scheme to promote transparency and credibility in production.

✅It was launched by the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE), Government of India, under the National Green Hydrogen Mission, aiming to establish India as a global hub for green hydrogen production and export.
✅The scheme emphasizes accuracy in emissions data, strict monitoring, and international compatibility, aiming to boost investor confidence and support the growth of a credible green hydrogen market in India.

📍Features of GHCI:

✅Hydrogen can be officially recognized as “green” only if its non-biogenic greenhouse gas emissions do not exceed 2 kg of CO₂ equivalent (CO₂e)/kg of hydrogen, averaged over 12 months, under the
The scheme outlines a comprehensive certification process for producers to verify that the hydrogen is produced using renewable energy and that the greenhouse gas emissions do not exceed 2 kg of CO₂ equivalent (CO₂e)/kg of hydrogen.
✅This threshold is measured across the production stages within a defined system boundary.
✅The certification framework includes clear definitions, objectives, roles of stakeholders, eligible production pathways (electrolysis and biomass conversion) and emissions quantification methods.
✅Producers must appoint Accredited Carbon Verification (ACV) agencies, recognized by the Bureau of Energy Efficiency, for independent verification.
✅The GHCI operates with four types of certificates: Concept Certificate, Facility-Level Certificate, Provisional Certificate and Final Certificate.

SAGAR

*करेंट अफेयर्स : 03 जून 2025*

*(Multiple Choice Q & A)*
--------------------------------------

1.*Recently, the Supreme Court has allowed maternity leave for the third child, overruling the order of which High Court?*
A. Allahabad High Court
B. Madras High Court
C. Patna High Court
D. Gujarat High Court

1.*हाल ही में सुप्रीम कोर्ट ने किस उच्च न्यायालय के आदेश को खारिज करते हुए तीसरे बच्चे के लिए मातृत्व अवकाश की अनुमति दी है?*
A. इलाहाबाद उच्च न्यायालय
B. मद्रास उच्च न्यायालय
C. पटना उच्च न्यायालय
D. गुजरात उच्च न्यायालय

2.*Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi met the President of the Asian Development Bank on June 01, 2025, whose President is?*
A.Trygve Lee
B. U. Thant
C. Masato Kanda
D. Kurt Waldheim

2.*प्रधानमंत्री श्री नरेन्द्र मोदी ने 01 जून 2025 एशियाई विकास बैंक के अध्यक्ष से भेंट की है, इसके अध्यक्ष हैं?*
A. ट्रीग्वे ली
B. यू. थांट
C. मसातो कांडा
D. कुर्त वॉल्डहाइम

3.*The second phase of the NASH Capacity Building Programme was launched in how many National Centres of Excellence from June 2?*
A.Three
B.Four
C.Five
D.Six

3.*नक्‍शा क्षमता निर्माण कार्यक्रम का दूसरा चरण 2 जून से कितने राष्ट्रीय उत्कृष्टता केंद्रों में शुरू किया गया?*
A.तीन
B.चार
C.पांच
D.छह

4.*Recently, ambassadors of four countries presented their credentials to the President of India. The ambassador of which of the following countries is not included in it?*
A.Chad
B.Algeria
C.Niger
D.Mongolia

4.*हाल ही में चार देशों के राजदूतों ने भारत के राष्ट्रपति को अपने परिचय पत्र प्रस्तुत किए। निम्नलिखित में से किस देश का राजदूत इसमें शामिल नहीं है?*
A.चाड
B.अल्जीरिया
C.नाइजर
D.मंगोलिया

5.*Recently, the National Commission for Backward Classes has presented its annual report for the year 2022-23 and 2023-24 to whom?*
A. President
B. Parliament
C. Council of Ministers
D. Supreme Court

5.*हाल ही में राष्ट्रीय पिछड़ा वर्ग आयोग ने वर्ष 2022-23 और 2023-24 के लिए अपनी वार्षिक किसके समक्ष प्रस्तुत की है?*
A. राष्ट्रपति
B. संसद
C. मंत्रिपरिषद
D. सर्वोच्च न्यायालय

6.*On which date was 'World Reef Awareness Day' celebrated recently?*
A.30 May
B.31 May
C.01 June
D.02 June

6.*हाल ही में किस तारीख को 'विश्व रीफ जागरूकता दिवस' मनाया गया है?*
A.30 मई
B.31 मई
C.01 जून
D.02 जून

7.*Which birth anniversary of Maharani Ahilyabai Holkar is celebrated on 31 May 2025?*
A. 300th
B. 301st
C. 302nd
D. 303rd

7.*31 मईं 2025, को महारानी अहिल्याबाई होल्कर की कौन-सी जयन्ती मनायी गयी है?*
A.300वीं
B.301वीं
C.302वीं
D.303वीं

8.*Which country has recently launched a pioneering space mission called 'Tianwen-2'?*
A. Japan
B. America
C. China
D. Russia

8.*हाल ही में किस देश ने 'तियानवेन-2' नामक एक अग्रणी अंतरिक्ष मिशन शुरू किया है?*
A. जापान
B. अमेरिका
C. चीन
D. रूस

9.*Where has the 'World Air Transport Summit' been organized recently?*
A. Goa
B. Bengaluru
C. Chennai
D. New Delhi

9.*हाल ही में कहां 'विश्व वायु परिवहन शिखर सम्मेलन' का आयोजन किया गया है?*
A.गोवा
B.बेंगलुरु
C.चेन्नई
D.नई दिल्ली

10.*Recently, for the first time, cherries have been transported from Kashmir valley through which medium?*
A. Air route
B. Road route
C. Water route
D. Rail route

10.*हाल ही में कश्मीर घाटी से पहली बार चेरी का परिवहन किस माध्यम से किया गया है?*
A. हवाई मार्ग
B. सड़क मार्ग
C. जल मार्ग
D. रेल मार्ग

11.*On which date is 'World Bicycle Day' celebrated every year?*
A. 01 June
B. 02 June
C. 03 June
D. 04 June

11.*प्रतिवर्ष किस तारीख को 'विश्व साइकिल दिवस' मनाया जाता है?*
A.01 जून
B.02 जून
C.03 जून
D.04 जून

12.*Who has recently chaired the 9th Governing Council meeting of the Bureau of Indian Standards?*
A. Shri Narendra Modi
B. Shri Pralhad Joshi
C. Shri Amit Shah
D. Shri Piyush Goyal

12.*हाल ही में किसने भारतीय मानक ब्यूरो की 9वीं शासी परिषद बैठक की अध्यक्षता की है?*
A. श्री नरेंद्र मोदी
B. श्री प्रल्हाद जोशी
C. श्री अमित शाह
D. श्री पीयूष गोयल

13.*Recently the government has approved to give "Miniratna" Category-I status to whom?*
A. Munitions India Limited
B. Armored Vehicles Corporation Limited
C. India Optal Limited
D. All of the above

13.*हाल ही में सरकार ने किसे "मिनीरत्न" श्रेणी-I का दर्जा देने की मंजूरी दी है?*
A. म्यूनिशंस इंडिया लिमिटेड
B. आर्मर्ड व्हीकल्स निगम लिमिटेड
C. इंडिया ऑप्टल लिमिटेड
D. उपर्युक्त सभी

14.*Who has recently inaugurated the new building of Central Forensic Science Laboratory in Kolkata?*
A. Prime Minister Narendra Modi
B. Defense Minister Rajnath Singh
C. Home Minister Amit Shah
D. Health Minister J. P. Nadda

14.*हाल ही में किसने कोलकाता में केंद्रीय फोरेंसिक विज्ञान प्रयोगशाला के नए भवन का उद्घाटन किया है?*
A.प्रधानमंत्री नरेंद्र मोदी
B.रक्षामंत्री राजनाथ सिंह
C.गृहमंत्री अमित शाह
D.स्वास्थ्य मंत्री जे. पी. नड्डा

15.*Lieutenant General Dinesh Singh Rana took over as the __ Commander-in-Chief of the Andaman and Nicobar Command on June 01, 2025.*
A. 17th
B. 18th
C. 19th
D. 20th

15.*लेफ्टिनेंट जनरल दिनेश सिंह राणा ने 01 जून, 2025 को अंडमान और निकोबार कमान के __ कमांडर-इन-चीफ के रूप में पदभार ग्रहण किया।*
A. 17वें
B. 18वें
C. 19वें
D. 20वें

--------------------------------
*🎯 Static GK MCQ*
--------------------------------

16.*Gandhi – Irwin Pact was related to which of the following movements of India?*
A.Rowlat Satyagraha
B.Civil Disobedience Movement
C.Non-cooperation movement
D.Quit India Movement

16.*गांधी - इरविन समझौता भारत के निम्नलिखित में से किस आंदोलन से संबंधित था?*
A.रौलट सत्याग्रह
B.सविनय अवज्ञा आंदोलन
C.असहयोग आंदोलन
D.भारत छोड़ो आंदोलन

*17.Which of the following rulers is called 'Napoleon of India'?*
A.Bindusar
B.Chandragupta I
C.Samudragupta
D.Ashoka

*17.निम्नलिखित शासकों में से किसे 'भारत का नेपोलियन' कहा जाता है?*
A.बिन्दुसार
B.चंद्रगुप्त प्रथम
C.समुद्रगुप्त
D.अशोक

*18.Which of the following is a source of Vitamin C?*
A.Milk
B.Egg
C.lemon
D.Soybean

*18.निम्नलिखित में से कौन-सा विटामिन C का स्रोत हैं?*
A.दूध
B.अंडा
C.नींबू
D.सोयाबीन

*19.Which of the following elements is found in largest quantity in our universe?*
A.Nitrogen
B.Silicon
C.Oxygen
D.Hydrogen

19.*निम्नलिखित में से कौन-सा तत्व हमारे ब्रह्मांड में सबसे अधिक मात्रा में पाया जाता है?*
A.नाइट्रोजन
B.सिलिकॉन
C.ऑक्सीजन
D.हाइड्रोजन

20.*In which of the following articles of the Indian Constitution was untouchability abolished?*
A.Article 17
B.Article 15
C.Article 14
D.Article 42

20.*भारतीय संविधान के निम्नलिखित में से कौन-से अनुच्छेद में अस्पृशयता को समाप्त कर दिया गया?*
A.अनुच्छेद 17
B.अनुच्छेद 15
C.अनुच्छेद 14
D.अनुच्छेद 42

*Answer key:*

1.B 6.C 11.C 16.B
2.C 7.A 12.B 17.C
3.C 8.C 13.D 18.C
4.D 9.D 14.C 19.D
5.A 10.D 15.B 20.A

#CURRENT_AFFAIRS@GSANDGA

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#STATIC_GK@GSANDGA

🔆 National Parks in Assam

📍 List of National Parks (West to East)
1. Raimona National Park
2. Manas National Park (WHS/ TR/ ER/ BR)
3. Orang National Park and Tiger Reserve (NP/ TR)
4. Nameri National Park (TR)
5. Kaziranga National Park (mentioned later)
6. Dibru-Saikhowa National Park (BR)
7. Dehing Patkai National Park (ER)

MAP SHOWING PHYSIOGRAPHIC DIVISIONS OF INDIA

✅ Soil map of India

✅ *Alluvial Soil*

*Formation*: Deposited by rivers; mainly Indo-Gangetic-Brahmaputra plains.

*Regions*: Northern plains, parts of Gujarat, coastal areas.

*Types:* Bhangar (older), Khadar (newer).

*Features:* Fertile, rich in potash, poor in nitrogen.

*Crops:* Rice, wheat, sugarcane, pulses.

✅*2. Black Soil (Regur Soil)*

*Formation:* Weathering of basalt (Deccan Trap).

*Regions:* Maharashtra, MP, Gujarat, parts of Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka.

*Features:* Clayey, moisture-retentive, rich in lime & iron, poor in phosphorus.

*Crops:* Cotton (hence “Black Cotton Soil”), oilseeds, millets.

⸻

*✅3. Red Soil*

*Formation:* Weathering of ancient crystalline rocks.

*Regions*: Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Odisha, Chhattisgarh.

*Features*: Reddish due to iron, low fertility, porous.

*Crops*: Groundnut, millets, pulses.

⸻

✅*4. Laterite Soil*

*Formation:* Intense leaching in heavy rainfall areas.

*Regions:* Western Ghats, Eastern Ghats, NE states, parts of MP and Odisha.

*Features:* Poor in nutrients, acidic, good for plantation crops if manured.

*Crops:* Tea, coffee, cashew, rubber.

⸻

✅*5. Arid/Desert Soil*

*Regions*: Rajasthan, Gujarat, Haryana, Punjab.

*Features:* Sandy, low moisture retention, saline in some places.

*Improvement*: Fertile with irrigation (Indira Gandhi Canal).

*Crops:* Bajra, barley, pulses.

⸻

✅*6. Forest Soil*

Regions: Himalayan slopes, Western & Eastern Ghats.

Features: Varies with altitude; rich in organic matter in lower slopes.

Crops: Temperate fruits, tea in NE.

⸻

✅*7. Peaty & Marshy Soil*

*Regions*: Kerala, coastal West Bengal, Odisha.

*Features*: High organic matter, acidic, poor drainage.

*Use*: Suitable for rice and jute.

⸻

✅ 8*. Saline & Alkaline Soil*

Cause: Poor drainage, excessive irrigation.

Regions: Arid & semi-arid regions, especially UP, Punjab, Haryana.

Gypsum treatment, proper drainage.

📍Sharing Important Maps for 2025


🔆Countries bordering Syria

#Trick: TIJIL

✅T - Turkey
✅I - Iraq
✅J -Jordan
✅I - Israel
✅L - Lebanon

✅️ Four more wetlands included under the Ramsar Convention

This has increased wetlands tally from 85 to 89, highest in Asia, third globally. Wetlands have been added from Tamil Nadu, Sikkim and Jharkhand.

Tamil Nadu leads with 20 Ramsar sites, the highest among Indian states.
Sikkim and Jharkhand have added their first Ramsar sites.

Ramsar Convention on Wetlands
Adopted in Ramsar (Iran) in 1971
Objective: Provides a framework for national and international efforts to conserve and wisely use wetlands.
World Wetlands Day is celebrated on 2nd February