The view from a train window is a captivating panorama of landscapes, from winding rivers to rolling hills. But what appears as scenery to a passenger is actually a complex puzzle for the engineer.
Specialized structures are essential where railways meet natural or man made obstacles. The most common are those that cross from above. Bridges span waterways, viaducts conquer deep valleys, and overpasses soar above roads. Smaller yet equally important are culverts, which are channels that discreetly guide water beneath the tracks.
Then there are the passages carved through the earth itself: tunnels. Constructing a tunnel involves far more than simply digging a hole. Each one must be meticulously lined, sealed against water, and equipped with critical systems for ventilation, lighting, monitoring, and fire safety to ensure secure passage.
Finally, holding the line against nature's pressure are retaining walls. These vital structures reinforce steep embankments, preventing soil from collapsing onto the tracks and ensuring the railbed remains stable.
Every journey is a tour of these unsung feats of engineering, the hidden framework that makes the scenery possible.
P.S. The real views are the NPS-built structures along the way.
๐ทโโ๏ธ๐๐
#PS_NPS #NationalProjectConstruction #PS_NPS_Explained
Specialized structures are essential where railways meet natural or man made obstacles. The most common are those that cross from above. Bridges span waterways, viaducts conquer deep valleys, and overpasses soar above roads. Smaller yet equally important are culverts, which are channels that discreetly guide water beneath the tracks.
Then there are the passages carved through the earth itself: tunnels. Constructing a tunnel involves far more than simply digging a hole. Each one must be meticulously lined, sealed against water, and equipped with critical systems for ventilation, lighting, monitoring, and fire safety to ensure secure passage.
Finally, holding the line against nature's pressure are retaining walls. These vital structures reinforce steep embankments, preventing soil from collapsing onto the tracks and ensuring the railbed remains stable.
Every journey is a tour of these unsung feats of engineering, the hidden framework that makes the scenery possible.
P.S. The real views are the NPS-built structures along the way.
๐ทโโ๏ธ๐๐
#PS_NPS #NationalProjectConstruction #PS_NPS_Explained
The Moscow - St. Petersburg high-speed railway project sets new technological standards for the entire transportation industry, said Nikita Terentyev, CEO of Skorostniye Tekhnologii, a GC NPS subsidiary, during the Public Transport Forum 2025.
One of the main challenges faced by NPS engineers in developing the ballastless track technology for HSR-1 was the lack of a regulatory framework. The standards created during the Soviet era are outdated for high-speed applications, while European and Chinese regulations cannot be applied to Russiaโs climate conditions.
For example, a key component of the railwayโs ballastless track, the rail slabs, are manufactured with precision down to tenths of a millimeter. During production, each slab receives a digital marker containing data on its condition, from the concrete mix used to its exact design position along the line. This will enable predictive maintenance of the tracks, helping to reduce operating costs and ensure long-term durability. The entire HSR system is designed to operate reliably and stably for at least 50 years.
P.S. All on track for setting new standards in high-speed transport.
๐ ๐๐บ
#PS_NPS #NationalProjectConstruction #PS_NPS_News #PS_NPS_Projects
One of the main challenges faced by NPS engineers in developing the ballastless track technology for HSR-1 was the lack of a regulatory framework. The standards created during the Soviet era are outdated for high-speed applications, while European and Chinese regulations cannot be applied to Russiaโs climate conditions.
โThe implementation of the HSR project is not merely about developing new GOST standards. It represents a complete rethinking of how we design, produce, and operate infrastructure,โ Terentyev emphasized.
For example, a key component of the railwayโs ballastless track, the rail slabs, are manufactured with precision down to tenths of a millimeter. During production, each slab receives a digital marker containing data on its condition, from the concrete mix used to its exact design position along the line. This will enable predictive maintenance of the tracks, helping to reduce operating costs and ensure long-term durability. The entire HSR system is designed to operate reliably and stably for at least 50 years.
P.S. All on track for setting new standards in high-speed transport.
#PS_NPS #NationalProjectConstruction #PS_NPS_News #PS_NPS_Projects
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What connects the prophet Moses, Flemish painters, and the legend of the Great Flood?
The answer is asphalt, though not the modern construction material we know today, but its natural form.
The word asphalt comes from Greek ฮฌฯฯฮฑฮปฯฮฟฯ , meaning secure or stable. It forms when crude oil seeps to the surface and its lighter components evaporate, leaving behind a thick, sticky residue. Solid at room temperature yet easy to melt, it possesses excellent waterproofing and adhesive properties.
The ancient Sumerians and Egyptians used it to caulk ships and waterproof baskets. According to legend, the Sumerian hero Utnapishtim waterproofed his ark with asphalt to survive the great flood, and the basket that carried the infant Moses was sealed with the same substance.
The largest source of natural asphalt in antiquity was the Dead Sea, which was once known as the Asphalt Lake due to the lumps of bitumen that would regularly float to its surface. This asphalt was of such high quality that Renaissance painters, including the Flemish masters, ground it into a pigment to create rich, transparent browns in their paintings.
Builders in ancient Mesopotamia were the first to use asphalt as a road binder, mixing it with sand and aggregates to pave city streets. In the modern era, the first major large-scale asphalt pavement in Europe was laid on the Champs-รlysรฉes in Paris in 1824.
Today, the world's largest natural asphalt reservoir is Pitch Lake on the island of Trinidad, containing an estimated 6 to 10 million tons, a supply that could last four centuries.
P.S. From the Flood to the freeway, asphalt always finds its way.
โณ๐ฃ๏ธ๐งบ
#PS_NPS #NationalProjectConstruction #PS_NPS_Explained #PS_NPS_History
The answer is asphalt, though not the modern construction material we know today, but its natural form.
The word asphalt comes from Greek ฮฌฯฯฮฑฮปฯฮฟฯ , meaning secure or stable. It forms when crude oil seeps to the surface and its lighter components evaporate, leaving behind a thick, sticky residue. Solid at room temperature yet easy to melt, it possesses excellent waterproofing and adhesive properties.
The ancient Sumerians and Egyptians used it to caulk ships and waterproof baskets. According to legend, the Sumerian hero Utnapishtim waterproofed his ark with asphalt to survive the great flood, and the basket that carried the infant Moses was sealed with the same substance.
The largest source of natural asphalt in antiquity was the Dead Sea, which was once known as the Asphalt Lake due to the lumps of bitumen that would regularly float to its surface. This asphalt was of such high quality that Renaissance painters, including the Flemish masters, ground it into a pigment to create rich, transparent browns in their paintings.
Builders in ancient Mesopotamia were the first to use asphalt as a road binder, mixing it with sand and aggregates to pave city streets. In the modern era, the first major large-scale asphalt pavement in Europe was laid on the Champs-รlysรฉes in Paris in 1824.
Today, the world's largest natural asphalt reservoir is Pitch Lake on the island of Trinidad, containing an estimated 6 to 10 million tons, a supply that could last four centuries.
P.S. From the Flood to the freeway, asphalt always finds its way.
โณ๐ฃ๏ธ๐งบ
#PS_NPS #NationalProjectConstruction #PS_NPS_Explained #PS_NPS_History
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On March 13, 1988, the first train passed through Japanโs Seikan Tunnel, the worldโs longest undersea tunnel at 53.85 kilometers. It connects the islands of Honshu and Hokkaido and took 42 years to build.
But why a tunnel and not a bridge?
For many years, the two islands were linked only by ferry. A bridge was once planned, and geological surveys for a tunnel began in 1946. But in 1954, Typhoon Maria sank five ships, including a large ferry, killing nearly 2,000 people. The tragedy ended any plans for a bridge. A tunnel was the only safe option.
The Seikan Tunnel reaches 240 meters below sea level and 100 meters beneath the seabed. When the excavation shield broke down just two kilometers in, workers had to use explosives, more than 2,800 tons in total.
A 23.3-kilometer pilot tunnel connected both shores by 1964, but it took another 24 years to complete the main passage. The final cost ended up twelve times higher than the original estimate.
Today, Japanโs bullet trains travel from Tokyo to Hakodate in about four hours, covering 825 kilometers thanks to this engineering masterpiece.
P.S. Somewhere under the waves, the trains are faster than Wi-Fi.
๐๐ ๐บ
#PS_NPS #NationalProjectConstruction #PS_NPS_Explained
But why a tunnel and not a bridge?
For many years, the two islands were linked only by ferry. A bridge was once planned, and geological surveys for a tunnel began in 1946. But in 1954, Typhoon Maria sank five ships, including a large ferry, killing nearly 2,000 people. The tragedy ended any plans for a bridge. A tunnel was the only safe option.
The Seikan Tunnel reaches 240 meters below sea level and 100 meters beneath the seabed. When the excavation shield broke down just two kilometers in, workers had to use explosives, more than 2,800 tons in total.
A 23.3-kilometer pilot tunnel connected both shores by 1964, but it took another 24 years to complete the main passage. The final cost ended up twelve times higher than the original estimate.
Today, Japanโs bullet trains travel from Tokyo to Hakodate in about four hours, covering 825 kilometers thanks to this engineering masterpiece.
P.S. Somewhere under the waves, the trains are faster than Wi-Fi.
๐๐ ๐บ
#PS_NPS #NationalProjectConstruction #PS_NPS_Explained
While Kazimir Malevich is best known for his famous Black Square, he was also deeply interested in color. He spent years studying how different hues influence people both emotionally and physically.
Malevich developed his own theories about the psychological effects of color. He believed that white could intensify pain and suggested that doctors should wear turquoise coats instead.
His most practical idea was directed at workers and builders: bright orange jackets. According to Malevich, orange made people more visible from a distance, even in fog or darkness.
Today, orange jackets are a common sight on construction sites, but in the early twentieth century, the idea was truly innovative.
P.S. Who knew the abstract could be so hands-on?
๐ฆบโผ๏ธ๐
#PS_NPS #NationalProjectConstruction #PS_NPS_Explained #PS_NPS_Art
Malevich developed his own theories about the psychological effects of color. He believed that white could intensify pain and suggested that doctors should wear turquoise coats instead.
His most practical idea was directed at workers and builders: bright orange jackets. According to Malevich, orange made people more visible from a distance, even in fog or darkness.
Today, orange jackets are a common sight on construction sites, but in the early twentieth century, the idea was truly innovative.
P.S. Who knew the abstract could be so hands-on?
๐ฆบโผ๏ธ๐
#PS_NPS #NationalProjectConstruction #PS_NPS_Explained #PS_NPS_Art
We use them every day, but have you ever wondered where their names came from? These four types of urban transport have surprisingly contradictory origins.
Bus
The word goes back to omnibus, the Latin for "for all." This was the name of a new transport service in France. The English shortened it to bus. Later, when engines came along, the French and others formed autobus. The meaning changed from "for all" to "self," which is a bit contradictory, but the name stuck.
Metro
London's system was first called the Underground. The first line was run by the Metropolitan Railway, from metropolis, meaning "big city." The French borrowed metropolitan, then clipped it to metro. So today millions of people ride what, taken literally, just means "big."
Tram
In English, tram first meant a wooden beam or rail, then a track for carts, hence tramway, a "track for trams." When rail vehicles began running in cities, the name of the track transferred to the vehicle itself. Other languages borrowed it from there, so now the car and the rails share the same root.
Trolleybus
Trolley originally meant a small cart. When electric streetcars were invented, the rolling wheel and pole that connected to the overhead wires was called a trolley. Over time, trolley became associated with the wire-connected vehicle itself. Combine it with bus and you get "cart bus." Not exactly accurate, but close enough.
P.S. After all, the point isn't what we call it; it's about getting from A to B.
๐๐ฃ๐
#PS_NPS #NationalProjectConstruction #PS_NPS_Explained
Bus
The word goes back to omnibus, the Latin for "for all." This was the name of a new transport service in France. The English shortened it to bus. Later, when engines came along, the French and others formed autobus. The meaning changed from "for all" to "self," which is a bit contradictory, but the name stuck.
Metro
London's system was first called the Underground. The first line was run by the Metropolitan Railway, from metropolis, meaning "big city." The French borrowed metropolitan, then clipped it to metro. So today millions of people ride what, taken literally, just means "big."
Tram
In English, tram first meant a wooden beam or rail, then a track for carts, hence tramway, a "track for trams." When rail vehicles began running in cities, the name of the track transferred to the vehicle itself. Other languages borrowed it from there, so now the car and the rails share the same root.
Trolleybus
Trolley originally meant a small cart. When electric streetcars were invented, the rolling wheel and pole that connected to the overhead wires was called a trolley. Over time, trolley became associated with the wire-connected vehicle itself. Combine it with bus and you get "cart bus." Not exactly accurate, but close enough.
P.S. After all, the point isn't what we call it; it's about getting from A to B.
๐๐ฃ๐
#PS_NPS #NationalProjectConstruction #PS_NPS_Explained
A hard hat and safety vest are standard for any builder, but their protective gear goes far beyond that.
Construction work involves serious risks and potential health hazards.
Each stage of construction requires specific protective equipment to guard against mechanical and heat exposure, falls, fumes, and welding sparks.
Clothing should allow free movement, and footwear should have thick, non-slip soles and puncture-resistant insoles. When working with welding, hot metal, or power tools, the choice of material is crucial because some fabrics can ignite from even the smallest spark.
Above all, workers must protect their heads. The hard hat remains the most important piece of safety equipment.
Eyes also need protection from dust, sawdust, and flying sparks during metal cutting or welding. For this, workers use special glasses, goggles, or face shields.
When a task produces dust or harmful chemical vapors, respirators are essential to protect the lungs.
To prevent hand injuries, workers wear protective gloves or mitts. Welders use heavy-duty, heat-resistant gauntlets designed to withstand high temperatures.
Construction sites are often noisy, so hearing protection is equally important. Earmuffs and earplugs help reduce noise levels and prevent long-term hearing loss.
To prevent falls, safety harnesses and other fall-protection systems are mandatory. Working at height without them is strictly prohibited.
P.S. Function is the new fashion. Layer up with safety.
๐ทโโ๏ธ๐งฑ๐ฅฝ
#PS_NPS #NationalProjectConstruction #PS_NPS_Explained
Construction work involves serious risks and potential health hazards.
Each stage of construction requires specific protective equipment to guard against mechanical and heat exposure, falls, fumes, and welding sparks.
Clothing should allow free movement, and footwear should have thick, non-slip soles and puncture-resistant insoles. When working with welding, hot metal, or power tools, the choice of material is crucial because some fabrics can ignite from even the smallest spark.
Above all, workers must protect their heads. The hard hat remains the most important piece of safety equipment.
Eyes also need protection from dust, sawdust, and flying sparks during metal cutting or welding. For this, workers use special glasses, goggles, or face shields.
When a task produces dust or harmful chemical vapors, respirators are essential to protect the lungs.
To prevent hand injuries, workers wear protective gloves or mitts. Welders use heavy-duty, heat-resistant gauntlets designed to withstand high temperatures.
Construction sites are often noisy, so hearing protection is equally important. Earmuffs and earplugs help reduce noise levels and prevent long-term hearing loss.
To prevent falls, safety harnesses and other fall-protection systems are mandatory. Working at height without them is strictly prohibited.
P.S. Function is the new fashion. Layer up with safety.
๐ทโโ๏ธ๐งฑ๐ฅฝ
#PS_NPS #NationalProjectConstruction #PS_NPS_Explained
Itโs not raining, but water is flowing down the sidewalks. And itโs warm!
In Russia, that usually means one thing: a heating pipe has burst, and the season of water heaters has begun. In Japan, however, no one is surprised. The โleakโ is intentional, itโs part of a snow-melting system that washes streets and sidewalks with warm water.
These systems have been in use since the 1960s. The idea is simple and effective: warm groundwater is pumped through pipelines and sprayed through nozzles onto the road surface to melt snow and prevent ice buildup.
The method has proven successful in relatively mild regions. In the city of Nagaoka, for example, a record snowfall in 1963 left more than three meters of snow. Yet on the streets where the "warm shower" system was operating, the pavement stayed completely clear.
Of course, there are some limitations. The system does not work well in very cold climates, where water can freeze inside the pipes, and excessive pumping of groundwater may cause the soil to settle.
Even so, this technology remains a great example of how engineering and local climate conditions can work together to create practical, efficient solutions.
P.S. Warm water, cool solution.
๐จ+๐ก=๐ฟ
#PS_NPS #NationalProjectConstruction #PS_NPS_Explained
In Russia, that usually means one thing: a heating pipe has burst, and the season of water heaters has begun. In Japan, however, no one is surprised. The โleakโ is intentional, itโs part of a snow-melting system that washes streets and sidewalks with warm water.
These systems have been in use since the 1960s. The idea is simple and effective: warm groundwater is pumped through pipelines and sprayed through nozzles onto the road surface to melt snow and prevent ice buildup.
The method has proven successful in relatively mild regions. In the city of Nagaoka, for example, a record snowfall in 1963 left more than three meters of snow. Yet on the streets where the "warm shower" system was operating, the pavement stayed completely clear.
Of course, there are some limitations. The system does not work well in very cold climates, where water can freeze inside the pipes, and excessive pumping of groundwater may cause the soil to settle.
Even so, this technology remains a great example of how engineering and local climate conditions can work together to create practical, efficient solutions.
P.S. Warm water, cool solution.
๐จ+๐ก=๐ฟ
#PS_NPS #NationalProjectConstruction #PS_NPS_Explained
The Vysokogorsky Bridge is the northernmost bridge crossing the Yenisey River.
It was officially opened in August 2023, with President Vladimir Putin giving the signal to begin vehicle traffic. The bridge itself is 1,200 meters long, and the entire roadway spans 2,000 meters.
Construction was challenging due to extreme temperature changes and the Yenisey River's strong current. To ensure durability, the structure was built on a solid granite foundation.
Despite the difficulties, specialists from Mostostroy-11, a GC NPS subsidiary, completed the project five months ahead of schedule.
The new bridge replaced the old ferry crossing between Lesosibirsk and Vysokogorsk and significantly improved transport accessibility to the Lower Angara region, one of Russiaโs largest mining centers.
P.S. The river resisted. We persisted.
๐โ๏ธ๐ง
#PS_NPS #NationalProjectConstruction #PS_NPS_Explained #PS_NPS_Projects
It was officially opened in August 2023, with President Vladimir Putin giving the signal to begin vehicle traffic. The bridge itself is 1,200 meters long, and the entire roadway spans 2,000 meters.
Construction was challenging due to extreme temperature changes and the Yenisey River's strong current. To ensure durability, the structure was built on a solid granite foundation.
Despite the difficulties, specialists from Mostostroy-11, a GC NPS subsidiary, completed the project five months ahead of schedule.
The new bridge replaced the old ferry crossing between Lesosibirsk and Vysokogorsk and significantly improved transport accessibility to the Lower Angara region, one of Russiaโs largest mining centers.
P.S. The river resisted. We persisted.
๐โ๏ธ๐ง
#PS_NPS #NationalProjectConstruction #PS_NPS_Explained #PS_NPS_Projects
In the early 1930s, as Moscow rapidly expanded, a new bridge was needed to connect workers to the growing industrial areas, including the new automobile plant across the Moskva River. Trams were the main mode of transport, and many workers depended on them to reach their jobs.
To meet the urgent demand, authorities decided to build a wooden bridge in just six months, with an expected lifespan of ten years. Construction began on February 15, 1932, with workers setting up barracks and driving 800 wooden piles into the riverbed.
The original completion date was set for November 7, 1932, the 15th anniversary of the Revolution, but delays followed. Material shortages, a lack of skilled labor, and a redesign to accommodate a new dam upstream pushed the opening to March 1933, and then to April.
By the end of April 1933, the 200-meter Danilovsky Bridge was finally ready. The bridge, hailed as the longest and most beautiful in Moscow, officially opened on May 1, 1933.
Although designed to last a decade, the bridge stood for 30 years, with its lifespan extended due to war and changing priorities. On May 31, 1963, it was dismantled. Foreman M.P. Andreyev, from Mostotryad No. 4 (now a GC NPS subsidiary), remarked, โIโve built eighty-six bridges. The eighty-seventh? Iโm taking apart.โ
P.S. Temporary plans < lasting quality.
๐ชต๐๐จ
#PS_NPS #NationalProjectConstruction #PS_NPS_Explained #PS_NPS_Projects
To meet the urgent demand, authorities decided to build a wooden bridge in just six months, with an expected lifespan of ten years. Construction began on February 15, 1932, with workers setting up barracks and driving 800 wooden piles into the riverbed.
The original completion date was set for November 7, 1932, the 15th anniversary of the Revolution, but delays followed. Material shortages, a lack of skilled labor, and a redesign to accommodate a new dam upstream pushed the opening to March 1933, and then to April.
By the end of April 1933, the 200-meter Danilovsky Bridge was finally ready. The bridge, hailed as the longest and most beautiful in Moscow, officially opened on May 1, 1933.
Although designed to last a decade, the bridge stood for 30 years, with its lifespan extended due to war and changing priorities. On May 31, 1963, it was dismantled. Foreman M.P. Andreyev, from Mostotryad No. 4 (now a GC NPS subsidiary), remarked, โIโve built eighty-six bridges. The eighty-seventh? Iโm taking apart.โ
P.S. Temporary plans < lasting quality.
๐ชต๐๐จ
#PS_NPS #NationalProjectConstruction #PS_NPS_Explained #PS_NPS_Projects
The functioning of the public-private partnership (PPP) market under current conditions and the initiative to introduce a national PPP standard were key topics of discussion at the 2025 Construction Law Forum.
Ekaterina Ermakova, Director of the Public-Private Partnership Department of GC NPS, took part in the session โFuture of PPP: New Rules and Market Opportunities.โ She highlighted the companyโs extensive PPP implementation experience and commented on VEB.RFโs project verification mechanisms. The discussion also covered long-term refinancing of project initiatives at the operational stage.
Long-term refinancing through the issuance of bonds during the operational phase, when a project begins generating revenue, could help attract stable, low-cost, long-term funding from institutional investors such as pension funds.
P.S. Collaboration is the real capital.
๐๏ธ๐ค๐
#PS_NPS #NationalProjectConstruction #PS_NPS_News #PS_NPS_Projects
Ekaterina Ermakova, Director of the Public-Private Partnership Department of GC NPS, took part in the session โFuture of PPP: New Rules and Market Opportunities.โ She highlighted the companyโs extensive PPP implementation experience and commented on VEB.RFโs project verification mechanisms. The discussion also covered long-term refinancing of project initiatives at the operational stage.
โUnder high interest rates that are lowering investment activity, it is crucial to find new mechanisms for attracting private financing without increasing budget spending. The obvious approach is to reduce credit risks for infrastructure loans through separate regulations for concession projects. Other incentives could include long-term refinancing, state guarantees, the creation of regional guarantee funds to support investors, and project verification mechanisms implemented by public authorities,โ said Ekaterina Ermakova.
Long-term refinancing through the issuance of bonds during the operational phase, when a project begins generating revenue, could help attract stable, low-cost, long-term funding from institutional investors such as pension funds.
P.S. Collaboration is the real capital.
๐๏ธ๐ค๐
#PS_NPS #NationalProjectConstruction #PS_NPS_News #PS_NPS_Projects
The development of unmanned technologies was a key topic at the โRoad 2025โ International Exhibition in Mineralnye Vody. A session titled โExperience in Applying Unmanned Technologies: Best Practices and Opportunities for Russiaโ was organized by GC NPS and moderated by its Head of Communications, Petr Geltischev.
Andrey Sysuev, General Director for IT at GC NPS, presented a report highlighting the testing of an autonomous road roller equipped with GLONASS systems on the DyurtyuliโAchit highway.
Representatives from Rosavtodor, GLONASS, ROSDORNII, GC NPS, S-INFO, the Digital Era of Transport Association, and RUT MIIT shared their own experience in unmanned systems.
Participants discussed every stage of implementation, from design to training, and highlighted innovations such as Moscowโs autonomous tram, which uses railway automation and telemechanics developed by GC NPS.
The session became one of the longest and most dynamic events of the forum, ending with an active exchange between speakers and the audience.
P.S. Smart roads, smarter machines, and even smarter engineers.
๐ค๐จโ๐ง๐
#PS_NPS #NationalProjectConstruction #PS_NPS_News #PS_NPS_Projects
Andrey Sysuev, General Director for IT at GC NPS, presented a report highlighting the testing of an autonomous road roller equipped with GLONASS systems on the DyurtyuliโAchit highway.
โThe greatest economic benefit came not from reducing staff but from higher precision, fewer passes, fewer errors, lower fuel use, and shorter working time,โ Sysuev noted.
Representatives from Rosavtodor, GLONASS, ROSDORNII, GC NPS, S-INFO, the Digital Era of Transport Association, and RUT MIIT shared their own experience in unmanned systems.
Participants discussed every stage of implementation, from design to training, and highlighted innovations such as Moscowโs autonomous tram, which uses railway automation and telemechanics developed by GC NPS.
The session became one of the longest and most dynamic events of the forum, ending with an active exchange between speakers and the audience.
P.S. Smart roads, smarter machines, and even smarter engineers.
๐ค๐จโ๐ง๐
#PS_NPS #NationalProjectConstruction #PS_NPS_News #PS_NPS_Projects