📊 MIAMI GP - RACE | RACE PACE
BEST PACE: ANT, NOR →
Race decided by ANT's 1-lap earlier pit and clean overtake, not by differences in pace.
FAST PACE: PIA, LEC →
LEC almost matched PIA before the issue (analysis coming tomorrow)!
SLOWER: RUS, HAM, VER →
HAM had extensive bodywork damage.
VER did 51 laps on a Hard set!!
RUS had no excuses, while ANT carried the team!
BEST PACE: ANT, NOR →
Race decided by ANT's 1-lap earlier pit and clean overtake, not by differences in pace.
FAST PACE: PIA, LEC →
LEC almost matched PIA before the issue (analysis coming tomorrow)!
SLOWER: RUS, HAM, VER →
HAM had extensive bodywork damage.
VER did 51 laps on a Hard set!!
RUS had no excuses, while ANT carried the team!
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MACARENA WING ANALYSIS F1
Its effect on top speed is likely small, and it didn't fix Ferrari's straight-line deficit (they need a more powerful engine for that).
🟦 RedBull's and 🟥 Ferrari's top speed gap in Miami was no smaller than in the previous GPs: differences in aero setup and deployment strategy likely matter more than the new wing.
Two additional notes:
• 🟧 McL deployed very little energy at high speed in Japan;
• HAM's top speed in Miami was 6 km/h lower than LEC's: partly explained by his bodywork damage?
Top Speeds calculated as the 90th percentile when the car was >1s behind the car ahead (to remove slipstream/overtake mode effects).
Made via @JMP_software
Its effect on top speed is likely small, and it didn't fix Ferrari's straight-line deficit (they need a more powerful engine for that).
🟦 RedBull's and 🟥 Ferrari's top speed gap in Miami was no smaller than in the previous GPs: differences in aero setup and deployment strategy likely matter more than the new wing.
Two additional notes:
• 🟧 McL deployed very little energy at high speed in Japan;
• HAM's top speed in Miami was 6 km/h lower than LEC's: partly explained by his bodywork damage?
Top Speeds calculated as the 90th percentile when the car was >1s behind the car ahead (to remove slipstream/overtake mode effects).
Made via @JMP_software
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Want to work in Motorsport?
My tips:
- Graduate (master’s is preferred) in an engineering field of your interest (or even physics).
- Get a solid grasp of basics (Physics, calculus, programming).
- While in Uni, do join your local Formula Student/SAE team!
Best books:
1) Vehicle dynamics: ‘The science of vehicle dynamics’ (Guiggiani).
2) Data analysis for Motorsport: ‘Advanced techniques for racecar data acquisition’ (Segers).
- Don’t be afraid to start from the lower racing leagues in case you get rejected by top teams and series!
My tips:
- Graduate (master’s is preferred) in an engineering field of your interest (or even physics).
- Get a solid grasp of basics (Physics, calculus, programming).
- While in Uni, do join your local Formula Student/SAE team!
Best books:
1) Vehicle dynamics: ‘The science of vehicle dynamics’ (Guiggiani).
2) Data analysis for Motorsport: ‘Advanced techniques for racecar data acquisition’ (Segers).
- Don’t be afraid to start from the lower racing leagues in case you get rejected by top teams and series!
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NEW PU RULES FOR 2027
Big (and welcome) Power Unit regulation change for next year: teams have agreed to raise the ⛽️ Internal Combustion Engine power by ~50kW, with an equal reduction in 🔋 Electric peak power! 🤩
This will:
✅ Improve straight-line performance (same peak power, more average power), top speeds, and laptimes;
✅ Limit straight-end clipping substantially;
✅ Make driving more natural;
✅ Hopefully, remove power management in fast corners.
ICE/ERS Power balance: 53/47% → 60/40%!
Top speeds will increase (Current ICE alone allows reaching ~350km/h; more powerful ICE should allow
350*(450/400)^1/3 = ~364km/h).
Thus, teams will be able to run more loaded wings, improving braking, cornering, and traction.
Viz made via @JMP_software
Big (and welcome) Power Unit regulation change for next year: teams have agreed to raise the ⛽️ Internal Combustion Engine power by ~50kW, with an equal reduction in 🔋 Electric peak power! 🤩
This will:
✅ Improve straight-line performance (same peak power, more average power), top speeds, and laptimes;
✅ Limit straight-end clipping substantially;
✅ Make driving more natural;
✅ Hopefully, remove power management in fast corners.
ICE/ERS Power balance: 53/47% → 60/40%!
Top speeds will increase (Current ICE alone allows reaching ~350km/h; more powerful ICE should allow
350*(450/400)^1/3 = ~364km/h).
Thus, teams will be able to run more loaded wings, improving braking, cornering, and traction.
Viz made via @JMP_software
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Formula Data Analysis
NEW PU RULES FOR 2027 Big (and welcome) Power Unit regulation change for next year: teams have agreed to raise the ⛽️ Internal Combustion Engine power by ~50kW, with an equal reduction in 🔋 Electric peak power! 🤩 This will: ✅ Improve straight-line performance…
A few weeks ago, I suggested a 10-20% ICE power increase to mitigate clipping substantially while not needing a total engine redesign. The FIA opted for +12.5%, right inside my range! 👌
This might shake up the pecking order too: a risk for the best PUs (Mercedes, RBPT)!
This might shake up the pecking order too: a risk for the best PUs (Mercedes, RBPT)!
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2026 CAR REGULATIONS: The 352 km/h "Invisible Wall"
Have you noticed? 🤔
Compared to last year, F1 race top speeds often approach 350 km/h but rarely exceed it: welcome to the '352 km/h Invisible Wall'! 👀
Overtake mode allows full 350 kW ERS deployment up to 337 km/h.
Above that, power drops sharply, down to 0 kW at 352 km/h.
Beyond that, only the ICE is working, with just ~550 hp!
• Up to 337 km/h: High acceleration, thanks to active aero and ~1000 hp.
• 337 → 352 km/h: acceleration drops massively, as drag power grows cubically with speed while power falls linearly.
• Above 352 km/h: ICE-only, not enough to accelerate!
Top speeds in Monza won't be much higher than 350km/h,
but Monza-like top speeds will be reached in many other tracks! 💡
Have you noticed? 🤔
Compared to last year, F1 race top speeds often approach 350 km/h but rarely exceed it: welcome to the '352 km/h Invisible Wall'! 👀
Overtake mode allows full 350 kW ERS deployment up to 337 km/h.
Above that, power drops sharply, down to 0 kW at 352 km/h.
Beyond that, only the ICE is working, with just ~550 hp!
• Up to 337 km/h: High acceleration, thanks to active aero and ~1000 hp.
• 337 → 352 km/h: acceleration drops massively, as drag power grows cubically with speed while power falls linearly.
• Above 352 km/h: ICE-only, not enough to accelerate!
Top speeds in Monza won't be much higher than 350km/h,
but Monza-like top speeds will be reached in many other tracks! 💡
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What if 2026 F1 Cars Had a V10 Engine?
Colapinto hit 352 km/h in the Chinese GP... on ICE power alone (~580 hp), since ERS deployment must drop linearly to 0 kW at exactly 352 km/h!
What if he'd had a V10 Mercedes engine? 🤔
The 2005 McL-Mercedes hit 'just' 340 km/h in China under slipstream despite ~930 hp, but 2026 cars have FAR less drag thanks to active aero.
With the same slipstream and a long enough straight, a V10-powered 2026 car could have reached ~410 km/h!
352 km/h × (930 hp / 580 hp)^(1/3) = 411 km/h
[Drag POWER scales with the CUBE of speed.]
If F1 moves to ~3000cc N/A engines for 2030, active aero will likely be dropped — otherwise top speeds would become crazy!
Colapinto hit 352 km/h in the Chinese GP... on ICE power alone (~580 hp), since ERS deployment must drop linearly to 0 kW at exactly 352 km/h!
What if he'd had a V10 Mercedes engine? 🤔
The 2005 McL-Mercedes hit 'just' 340 km/h in China under slipstream despite ~930 hp, but 2026 cars have FAR less drag thanks to active aero.
With the same slipstream and a long enough straight, a V10-powered 2026 car could have reached ~410 km/h!
352 km/h × (930 hp / 580 hp)^(1/3) = 411 km/h
[Drag POWER scales with the CUBE of speed.]
If F1 moves to ~3000cc N/A engines for 2030, active aero will likely be dropped — otherwise top speeds would become crazy!
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🇨🇦 CANADIAN GP | TYRES & TRACK PREVIEW
• Sprint weekend;
• Softest compounds (C3–C5);
• Braking grip & stability critical, traction very important, cornering secondary;
• High track evolution;
• Cooler than usual: graining could be an issue!
Engine power matters more here than at any track so far: Ferrari will struggle!
📸 @pirellisport
• Sprint weekend;
• Softest compounds (C3–C5);
• Braking grip & stability critical, traction very important, cornering secondary;
• High track evolution;
• Cooler than usual: graining could be an issue!
Engine power matters more here than at any track so far: Ferrari will struggle!
📸 @pirellisport
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2026 Car Regulations | No More Diverse Rear Wings?
In 2026, track layout dictates electric deployment strategy far more than wing design (unfortunately for us wing-nerds)! 💡
Canada used to demand a careful balance between low drag (long straights) and downforce (especially rear, for corner exit speed and tyre life). But as Tim Goss (Racing Bulls' CTO) explained, active aero gives you both: high downforce through the lap, low drag when needed.
A standard wing works almost everywhere! A 'default' deployment strategy, instead, will not. 🪫
Tim Goss' interview:
https://racingnews365.com/racing-bulls-key-signing-set-for-debut-as-fresh-f1-challenge-revealed
In 2026, track layout dictates electric deployment strategy far more than wing design (unfortunately for us wing-nerds)! 💡
Canada used to demand a careful balance between low drag (long straights) and downforce (especially rear, for corner exit speed and tyre life). But as Tim Goss (Racing Bulls' CTO) explained, active aero gives you both: high downforce through the lap, low drag when needed.
A standard wing works almost everywhere! A 'default' deployment strategy, instead, will not. 🪫
Tim Goss' interview:
https://racingnews365.com/racing-bulls-key-signing-set-for-debut-as-fresh-f1-challenge-revealed
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📊 CANADIAN GP - SPRINT QUALIFYING | QUALIFYING ANALYSIS
We know who was quickest... but WHY? 👀
🟩 RUS: Secured Sprint Pole aided by the highest top speed (333 km/h). Mercedes was actually SLOWEST in the fastest chicane!
Mercedes’ updates seem to have worked greatly, with significant gains throughout the laps. Let’s see whether this gets confirmed in the next sessions!
🟧 NOR: Couldn't stay full-throttle as consistently as others. Strong deployment, but had to save energy on the main straight.
🟥 HAM: Quickest in the fastest corner (+4km/h vs RUS; possibly the best downforce)! Great grip, but lacked power → Was often full throttle, and emptied battery on lap end (11km/h lost 🪫)!
🟦 VER: >0.5s away from pole; only clear weakness was traction.
We know who was quickest... but WHY? 👀
🟩 RUS: Secured Sprint Pole aided by the highest top speed (333 km/h). Mercedes was actually SLOWEST in the fastest chicane!
Mercedes’ updates seem to have worked greatly, with significant gains throughout the laps. Let’s see whether this gets confirmed in the next sessions!
🟧 NOR: Couldn't stay full-throttle as consistently as others. Strong deployment, but had to save energy on the main straight.
🟥 HAM: Quickest in the fastest corner (+4km/h vs RUS; possibly the best downforce)! Great grip, but lacked power → Was often full throttle, and emptied battery on lap end (11km/h lost 🪫)!
🟦 VER: >0.5s away from pole; only clear weakness was traction.
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📊 CANADIAN GP - SPRINT | TOP SPEED PER LAP
NEW 2026 TOP SPEED RECORD: HUL reached 357 km/h! 😲
To put in perspective how crazy that is: the rules forbid electrical deployment well before that speed! This means that he reached 357km/h... using the ~550hp of Audi's ICE! 🪫
He broke the 'invisible wall'!
NEW 2026 TOP SPEED RECORD: HUL reached 357 km/h! 😲
To put in perspective how crazy that is: the rules forbid electrical deployment well before that speed! This means that he reached 357km/h... using the ~550hp of Audi's ICE! 🪫
He broke the 'invisible wall'!
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Formula Data Analysis
📊 CANADIAN GP - SPRINT | TOP SPEED PER LAP NEW 2026 TOP SPEED RECORD: HUL reached 357 km/h! 😲 To put in perspective how crazy that is: the rules forbid electrical deployment well before that speed! This means that he reached 357km/h... using the ~550hp of…
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Formula Data Analysis
2026 CAR REGULATIONS: The 352 km/h "Invisible Wall"
Have you noticed? 🤔
Compared to last year, F1 race top speeds often approach 350 km/h but rarely exceed it: welcome to the '352 km/h Invisible Wall'! 👀
Overtake mode allows full 350 kW ERS deployment…
Have you noticed? 🤔
Compared to last year, F1 race top speeds often approach 350 km/h but rarely exceed it: welcome to the '352 km/h Invisible Wall'! 👀
Overtake mode allows full 350 kW ERS deployment…
📊 CANADIAN GP - SPRINT | SPRINT PACE ANALYSIS
NOR and the two Mercedes were on a league of their own!
PIA and the two Ferrari had good pace, but no chance of winning (0.3-0.4s/lap off NOR)!
VER was clearly the slowest among those in front: 0.17s/lap slower than HAM, 0.57s/lap off NOR!
✅ Best of the rest: Alpine
❌ Worst: Aston (STR lost over THREE SECONDS per lap!)
What's your take on the RUS/ANT clash?
NOR and the two Mercedes were on a league of their own!
PIA and the two Ferrari had good pace, but no chance of winning (0.3-0.4s/lap off NOR)!
VER was clearly the slowest among those in front: 0.17s/lap slower than HAM, 0.57s/lap off NOR!
✅ Best of the rest: Alpine
❌ Worst: Aston (STR lost over THREE SECONDS per lap!)
What's your take on the RUS/ANT clash?
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📊 CANADIAN GP - RACE | RACE PACE ANALYSIS
No match for Mercedes: ANT was over 0.2s/lap quicker than the next best car despite fighting with RUS and not having to push at the end!
Excellent (and identical) pace for VER and HAM.
LEC was 0.36s/lap slower than HAM, but almost as quick as HAD despite using one set less.
Great pace for Alpine: 6th best for COL!
Gap (s/lap)
1) Mercedes;
2-3) RBR/Ferrari +0.22;
4) Alpine +1.35;
5) Williams +1.45;
6) RBs +1.58;
7-8) Haas/Audi +1.73.
McL (PIA) hard to judge due to traffic. Cadillac and Aston were nowhere: ~4s/lap slower despite multiple stops!
No match for Mercedes: ANT was over 0.2s/lap quicker than the next best car despite fighting with RUS and not having to push at the end!
Excellent (and identical) pace for VER and HAM.
LEC was 0.36s/lap slower than HAM, but almost as quick as HAD despite using one set less.
Great pace for Alpine: 6th best for COL!
Gap (s/lap)
1) Mercedes;
2-3) RBR/Ferrari +0.22;
4) Alpine +1.35;
5) Williams +1.45;
6) RBs +1.58;
7-8) Haas/Audi +1.73.
McL (PIA) hard to judge due to traffic. Cadillac and Aston were nowhere: ~4s/lap slower despite multiple stops!
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Clipping will be almost non-existent in Monaco! Here's why 👇
1) ~20% of the lap spent braking + ~28% at partial throttle → plenty of harvesting.
2) Full throttle for just ~44% of the lap → low deployment.
3) ERS power will taper off linearly above 200 km/h (vs. the usual 290 km/h) due to special rules → even lower deployment.
On top of that, active aero WON'T be available, further limiting acceleration and top speed. Cars could have exceeded 300 km/h (vs. the usual 280–290 km/h); instead, these changes will slow them down, but make quali more exciting (no clipping) and overtaking easier:
- Overtake mode makes a difference above just 200 km/h;
- More drag → stronger slipstream.
Let's see how it plays out! 😎
1) ~20% of the lap spent braking + ~28% at partial throttle → plenty of harvesting.
2) Full throttle for just ~44% of the lap → low deployment.
3) ERS power will taper off linearly above 200 km/h (vs. the usual 290 km/h) due to special rules → even lower deployment.
On top of that, active aero WON'T be available, further limiting acceleration and top speed. Cars could have exceeded 300 km/h (vs. the usual 280–290 km/h); instead, these changes will slow them down, but make quali more exciting (no clipping) and overtaking easier:
- Overtake mode makes a difference above just 200 km/h;
- More drag → stronger slipstream.
Let's see how it plays out! 😎
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Today I'm teaching you how to get your car's power curve WITHOUT using a dyno!
(Thanks to vehicle dynamics 😎)
1) Engage a given gear, then accelerate from low up to high rpm.
2) Acquire your car's speed (v) and rpm via an OBD sensor.
3) Compute the longitudinal acceleration ax as the derivative of speed (its rate of change).
4) Compute the tractive force F as mass × ax (drag can be neglected in lower gears).
5) Compute the engine Torque via the known tyre radius, gear ratio, and assuming a transmission efficiency (FWD/RWD: 0.85, 4WD: 0.75).
6) Power = Torque × rpm → plot both against rpm and you have your curves! ✅
Below are results from a diesel car I was testing: after the tune (red), peak torque rose by ~22 Nm above 2000 rpm, with a corresponding +15 hp peak power gain!
I really cannot help tinkering with this stuff...
Visualisations made via @JMP_software
(Thanks to vehicle dynamics 😎)
1) Engage a given gear, then accelerate from low up to high rpm.
2) Acquire your car's speed (v) and rpm via an OBD sensor.
3) Compute the longitudinal acceleration ax as the derivative of speed (its rate of change).
4) Compute the tractive force F as mass × ax (drag can be neglected in lower gears).
5) Compute the engine Torque via the known tyre radius, gear ratio, and assuming a transmission efficiency (FWD/RWD: 0.85, 4WD: 0.75).
6) Power = Torque × rpm → plot both against rpm and you have your curves! ✅
Below are results from a diesel car I was testing: after the tune (red), peak torque rose by ~22 Nm above 2000 rpm, with a corresponding +15 hp peak power gain!
I really cannot help tinkering with this stuff...
Visualisations made via @JMP_software
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If there's a track where Ferrari can win before upgrading their engine, that's Monaco! 💡
Ferrari-powered teams, Audi, and especially Aston's lower power will matter little here → should perform better than usual.
Traction determines laptime, rewarding those that can put the power down.
Trivia: it will be the regular F1 race with the lowest fuel consumption ever! (Most efficient PUs ever, 260 km vs other tracks' 305 km, low consumption per lap).
What's YOUR prediction? 👀
📸 @pirellisport
Ferrari-powered teams, Audi, and especially Aston's lower power will matter little here → should perform better than usual.
Traction determines laptime, rewarding those that can put the power down.
Trivia: it will be the regular F1 race with the lowest fuel consumption ever! (Most efficient PUs ever, 260 km vs other tracks' 305 km, low consumption per lap).
What's YOUR prediction? 👀
📸 @pirellisport
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📊MONACO GP - FP2 ANALYSIS
🟥Ferrari are the clear favourites: HAM was quickest, but LEC left ~0.25s on the table by not combining his best sectors!
Sector 1: LEC quickest, RUS/VER/ANT within 0.1s; HAM struggled more.
S2: HAM quickest, LEC +0.025s. Mercedes struggled (ANT had the LOWEST minimum speed at the hairpin, just 40km/h! -6km/h vs HAM).
S3: Ferrari dominated again.
Lap domination (top figure, each team's best lap): HAM was quicker than VER and RUS only around the tunnel, yet faster overall! VER and RUS traded blows throughout sectors 1-3, but both lost out to HAM when it mattered).
MY QUALI POWER RANKINGS:
🟥Ferrari > 🟦RBR (VER) / 🟩Mercedes > 🟧McL
What's YOUR prediction? 👀
🟥Ferrari are the clear favourites: HAM was quickest, but LEC left ~0.25s on the table by not combining his best sectors!
Sector 1: LEC quickest, RUS/VER/ANT within 0.1s; HAM struggled more.
S2: HAM quickest, LEC +0.025s. Mercedes struggled (ANT had the LOWEST minimum speed at the hairpin, just 40km/h! -6km/h vs HAM).
S3: Ferrari dominated again.
Lap domination (top figure, each team's best lap): HAM was quicker than VER and RUS only around the tunnel, yet faster overall! VER and RUS traded blows throughout sectors 1-3, but both lost out to HAM when it mattered).
MY QUALI POWER RANKINGS:
🟥Ferrari > 🟦RBR (VER) / 🟩Mercedes > 🟧McL
What's YOUR prediction? 👀
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