Formula Data Analysis
If you’re a Motorsport fan, SimRacer, or engineering student, then you cannot miss this thread! 🔥 A fast car is useless if you cannot setup it correctly: curious about how we engineers tune its suspensions to reduce the laptime? 😏 Read on, and get quicker!…
Suspensions = springs (elical springs + antirollbars) + dampers + linkages.
They connect the chassis to the wheels, allowing a relative motion between the two.
They impact 3 main things:
1) Car's balance when cornering
2) Body movement
3) Unnevenness absorption
They connect the chassis to the wheels, allowing a relative motion between the two.
They impact 3 main things:
1) Car's balance when cornering
2) Body movement
3) Unnevenness absorption
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Formula Data Analysis
Suspensions = springs (elical springs + antirollbars) + dampers + linkages. They connect the chassis to the wheels, allowing a relative motion between the two. They impact 3 main things: 1) Car's balance when cornering 2) Body movement 3) Unnevenness absorption
1) Car's balance when cornering
When cornering far from the grip limits, the car will move in the direction of its front wheels.
At higher lateral acceleration, instead, the car will start to lose grip:
- If it loses grip at the FRONT first, it will UNDERSTEER (point towards the OUTSIDE of the corner).
- If it loses grip at the REAR first, it will OVERSTEER (point towards the INSIDE of the corner).
We must avoid extreme behavior: we do so by transferring grip to the lower-grip axle.
When cornering far from the grip limits, the car will move in the direction of its front wheels.
At higher lateral acceleration, instead, the car will start to lose grip:
- If it loses grip at the FRONT first, it will UNDERSTEER (point towards the OUTSIDE of the corner).
- If it loses grip at the REAR first, it will OVERSTEER (point towards the INSIDE of the corner).
We must avoid extreme behavior: we do so by transferring grip to the lower-grip axle.
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Formula Data Analysis
1) Car's balance when cornering When cornering far from the grip limits, the car will move in the direction of its front wheels. At higher lateral acceleration, instead, the car will start to lose grip: - If it loses grip at the FRONT first, it will UNDERSTEER…
...And guess how? Through the suspensions, of course!
Increase the spring or antiroll bar stiffness of the axle with more grip, OR decrease the stiffness (soften) of the axle with lower grip!
(The softer axis will gain grip at the expense of the other.)
Refer to my scheme:
Increase the spring or antiroll bar stiffness of the axle with more grip, OR decrease the stiffness (soften) of the axle with lower grip!
(The softer axis will gain grip at the expense of the other.)
Refer to my scheme:
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Formula Data Analysis
...And guess how? Through the suspensions, of course! Increase the spring or antiroll bar stiffness of the axle with more grip, OR decrease the stiffness (soften) of the axle with lower grip! (The softer axis will gain grip at the expense of the other.)…
While the springs/antiroll bar stiffness determines whether a car is understeering or oversteering when cornering, Dampers influence that behaviour on corner entry and exit.
The setup is analogous to the springs: refer to my scheme:
As you can see, the dampers have 4 fields each. The 'Fast' fields are relative to the response to road unevenness: it does not affect the car's balance.
Bump/Rebound (damping when the wheel is moving up/down) should go hand-in-hand, as should damping and suspension stiffness.
The setup is analogous to the springs: refer to my scheme:
As you can see, the dampers have 4 fields each. The 'Fast' fields are relative to the response to road unevenness: it does not affect the car's balance.
Bump/Rebound (damping when the wheel is moving up/down) should go hand-in-hand, as should damping and suspension stiffness.
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Formula Data Analysis
While the springs/antiroll bar stiffness determines whether a car is understeering or oversteering when cornering, Dampers influence that behaviour on corner entry and exit. The setup is analogous to the springs: refer to my scheme: As you can see, the dampers…
2) Body movement
- Softer springs: higher body roll (left/right rotation) and pitch (squatting/diving rotation).
- Softer dampers: the body movement lasts longer.
A race car should have stiff and dampened suspensions to be reactive, but not too much, or it will jump on bumps/curbs!
- Softer springs: higher body roll (left/right rotation) and pitch (squatting/diving rotation).
- Softer dampers: the body movement lasts longer.
A race car should have stiff and dampened suspensions to be reactive, but not too much, or it will jump on bumps/curbs!
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Formula Data Analysis
You can also exploit this to improve the aerodynamic performance! Softer rear springs➡️The rear axle squats at high speed, under the effect of downforce➡️The angle of attack of the wings reduces: the car gets a better top speed! Use this trick to overtake…
3) Unnevenness absorption
Racetracks still have bumps, and you must go over the kerbs to minimise the laptime.
The more uneven the track (e.g. Nurburgring Nordschleife), the softer the springs must be, and especially reduce the fast damping of the shock absorbers!
Racetracks still have bumps, and you must go over the kerbs to minimise the laptime.
The more uneven the track (e.g. Nurburgring Nordschleife), the softer the springs must be, and especially reduce the fast damping of the shock absorbers!
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Formula Data Analysis
3) Unnevenness absorption Racetracks still have bumps, and you must go over the kerbs to minimise the laptime. The more uneven the track (e.g. Nurburgring Nordschleife), the softer the springs must be, and especially reduce the fast damping of the shock…
'Ok, so... how do I start?'
1) Take a long corner,
2) Does it understeer a lot mid-corner?➡️Soften the front and/or stiffen the rear.
The opposite to solve oversteer.
3) Does it understeer a lot on entry/exit?➡️Reduce front damping and/or increase the rear
Opposite for oversteer.
4) If the body rolls/pitches too much➡️Increase the stiffness the same amount front and rear.
5) If the car is unstable on bumps/kerbs➡️Reduce the fast damping the same amount front and rear, and possibly the stiffness too.
1) Take a long corner,
2) Does it understeer a lot mid-corner?➡️Soften the front and/or stiffen the rear.
The opposite to solve oversteer.
3) Does it understeer a lot on entry/exit?➡️Reduce front damping and/or increase the rear
Opposite for oversteer.
4) If the body rolls/pitches too much➡️Increase the stiffness the same amount front and rear.
5) If the car is unstable on bumps/kerbs➡️Reduce the fast damping the same amount front and rear, and possibly the stiffness too.
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Formula Data Analysis
'Ok, so... how do I start?' 1) Take a long corner, 2) Does it understeer a lot mid-corner?➡️Soften the front and/or stiffen the rear. The opposite to solve oversteer. 3) Does it understeer a lot on entry/exit?➡️Reduce front damping and/or increase the rear…
That's it! Now you're on your road to become a racecar engineer... or at least a better SimRacer! 🔥
If you found the thread useful:
- tag a simracer friend✅
- follow @FDataAnalysis for more posts like this!✅
Let me know in the comment whether the explanation was clear!
If you found the thread useful:
- tag a simracer friend✅
- follow @FDataAnalysis for more posts like this!✅
Let me know in the comment whether the explanation was clear!
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Did you know that in ‘01-‘03, some #F1 teams shifted gears automatically?🤖
Consider the ‘02 Williams:
- It upshifted automatically.⏫
- The driver ‘pre-loaded’ the number of downshifts through a paddle; once braking, the gearbox downshifted optimally.⏬
These were banned in ‘04! 🚫
Consider the ‘02 Williams:
- It upshifted automatically.⏫
- The driver ‘pre-loaded’ the number of downshifts through a paddle; once braking, the gearbox downshifted optimally.⏬
These were banned in ‘04! 🚫
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If you want to learn this topic or know anyone who wants to (cousins, friends, juniors), feel free to check out / share the intro and a couple of free lectures that are available.
https://www.udemy.com/course/f1-data-analysis-insights-into-race-simulation-telemetry/?srsltid=AfmBOopcc9lezCuCixyqW_OK_YP3BMbfSCxxx1J3C9Pz6nEvZ6pTuhbP&couponCode=LETSLEARNNOW
I would like to point out this course managed by another F1 content creator!
In the attempt to make F1 knowledge and insights more accessible to everyone together with Ian Wright, Ex-Head of Engineering at Mercedes F1 Team, we have lanuched a F1 Data Analysis course focusing on Telemetry analysis and Race simulation.
This course focuses mostly on the application of basics and practical insights into this field. We also discuss the key skillsets and strategies required to distinguish yourself from others via round table discussions and case studies with other aspiring students.
What can you expect?
1. Insights in Race Engineering, Simulations, Testing and Telemetry Data Analysis.
2. Round Table Discussions on Practical aspects including Rex Keen and other professionals.
3. Case Studies and insights into the little details that count.
If you want to learn this topic or know anyone who wants to (cousins, friends, juniors), feel free to check out / share the intro and a couple of free lectures that are available.
https://www.udemy.com/course/f1-data-analysis-insights-into-race-simulation-telemetry/?srsltid=AfmBOopcc9lezCuCixyqW_OK_YP3BMbfSCxxx1J3C9Pz6nEvZ6pTuhbP&couponCode=LETSLEARNNOW
Udemy
F1 Data Analysis : Insights into Race Simulation & Telemetry
F1 Data Analysis | Careers | Lap Time Simulation | Race Strategy | Competitor Analysis for Aspiring Motorsport Engineers
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Formula Data Analysis
Ever wondered HOW the DRS works? 👀 I've drawn this scheme for you!🔧 🔵OFF 🟢ON The Actuator (in red) pulls point B to the right. ⬇️ Point B pulls point C, which rotates around the hinge D. ⬇️ The upper wing plane ('CD') decreases its angle of attack, reducing…
The angle of attack is defined as the angle between the air direction and the line that connects the wing's leading edge and trailing edge.
Reducing it also reduces downforce, but that's fine on the straight!
Follow @FDataAnalysis to learn more on F1 tech! ⚙️
(Original photo by SafronovF1)
Reducing it also reduces downforce, but that's fine on the straight!
Follow @FDataAnalysis to learn more on F1 tech! ⚙️
(Original photo by SafronovF1)
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In Indycar, aero setup is even crazier than #F1!🛠
Example: ‘17 HONDA
Top: Low-Drag Spec (speedways)
Bottom: High-Downf. (road courses)
For the latter, rules allow ~100hp more: despite that, the terminal speed gets SEVENTY km/h lower!
Drag doubles: (675/575)(390/320)^3 = 210%!
Example: ‘17 HONDA
Top: Low-Drag Spec (speedways)
Bottom: High-Downf. (road courses)
For the latter, rules allow ~100hp more: despite that, the terminal speed gets SEVENTY km/h lower!
Drag doubles: (675/575)(390/320)^3 = 210%!
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