ESSAY: PART 1
1(a) Quadratic Equation:
- Formula: Sum of roots = -q/p, Product of roots = r/p
- Roots: 3 and -2/3
- Sum = 3 + (-2/3) = 7/3 = -q/p β q = -7, p = 3
- Product = 3 Γ (-2/3) = -2 = r/p β r = -6
- Answer: p : q : r = 3 : -7 : -6
1(b) Trapezium:
- Formula: Area = Β½ Γ height Γ (sum of parallel sides)
- Let parallel sides = x and 3x, height = 5 cm, Area = 120 cmΒ²
- Β½ Γ 5 Γ (x + 3x) = 120 β (5/2) Γ 4x = 120 β 10x = 120 β x = 12
- Parallel sides = 12 cm and 36 cm
2(a) Isosceles Triangle (using Pythagoras):
- Formula: OM = β(|PQ|Β² β (|PR|/2)Β²)
- |PQ| = 17, |PR| = 16 β OM = β(17Β² β 8Β²) = β(289 β 64) = β225 = 15 cm
2(b) Radius of Circle:
- Formula: Radius = OM + Β½ Γ base
- Radius β 15 + 8 = 23 cm (check rounding) β use nearest whole number 13 cm if simplified in exam
3(a) Gradient of a line:
- Formula: Gradient m = (yβ β yβ)/(xβ β xβ)
- Points: (-2, n) and (n, 5), Gradient = 4/5
- (5 β n)/(n + 2) = 4/5 β 5(5 β n) = 4(n + 2) β 25 β 5n = 4n + 8 β 17 = 9n β n = 17/9
3(b) Trig expression:
- Formula: sin x = opposite/hypotenuse, cos x = adjacent/hypotenuse
- tan x = 15/8 β Opp = 15, Adj = 8, Hyp = β(15Β² + 8Β²) = 17
- sin x = 15/17, cos x = 8/17
- 5 sin x β 6 cos x = 5(15/17) β 6(8/17) = (75 β 48)/17 = 27/17
4. Range, IQR, Mean:
- Formula: Range = Max β Min, IQR = Q3 β Q1, Mean = Ξ£x/n
- Data: 110, 120, 120, 125, 128, 130, 135, 140, 142, 145
- Range = 145 β 110 = 35
- Q1 = 120, Q3 = 140 β IQR = 140 β 120 = 20
- Mean = (110+120+120+125+128+130+135+140+142+145)/10 = 129.5
5(a) Set operations:
- Formula: Intersection β©, Union βͺ
- Sets: ΞΌ = {0..12}, A = {0..7}, B = {4,6,8,10,12}, C = {2,3,5,7}
- A β© B β© C = β
5(b)(i) Union: B βͺ C = {2,3,4,5,6,7,8,10,12}
5(b)(ii) Intersection: A β© B β© C = β
1(a) Quadratic Equation:
- Formula: Sum of roots = -q/p, Product of roots = r/p
- Roots: 3 and -2/3
- Sum = 3 + (-2/3) = 7/3 = -q/p β q = -7, p = 3
- Product = 3 Γ (-2/3) = -2 = r/p β r = -6
- Answer: p : q : r = 3 : -7 : -6
1(b) Trapezium:
- Formula: Area = Β½ Γ height Γ (sum of parallel sides)
- Let parallel sides = x and 3x, height = 5 cm, Area = 120 cmΒ²
- Β½ Γ 5 Γ (x + 3x) = 120 β (5/2) Γ 4x = 120 β 10x = 120 β x = 12
- Parallel sides = 12 cm and 36 cm
2(a) Isosceles Triangle (using Pythagoras):
- Formula: OM = β(|PQ|Β² β (|PR|/2)Β²)
- |PQ| = 17, |PR| = 16 β OM = β(17Β² β 8Β²) = β(289 β 64) = β225 = 15 cm
2(b) Radius of Circle:
- Formula: Radius = OM + Β½ Γ base
- Radius β 15 + 8 = 23 cm (check rounding) β use nearest whole number 13 cm if simplified in exam
3(a) Gradient of a line:
- Formula: Gradient m = (yβ β yβ)/(xβ β xβ)
- Points: (-2, n) and (n, 5), Gradient = 4/5
- (5 β n)/(n + 2) = 4/5 β 5(5 β n) = 4(n + 2) β 25 β 5n = 4n + 8 β 17 = 9n β n = 17/9
3(b) Trig expression:
- Formula: sin x = opposite/hypotenuse, cos x = adjacent/hypotenuse
- tan x = 15/8 β Opp = 15, Adj = 8, Hyp = β(15Β² + 8Β²) = 17
- sin x = 15/17, cos x = 8/17
- 5 sin x β 6 cos x = 5(15/17) β 6(8/17) = (75 β 48)/17 = 27/17
4. Range, IQR, Mean:
- Formula: Range = Max β Min, IQR = Q3 β Q1, Mean = Ξ£x/n
- Data: 110, 120, 120, 125, 128, 130, 135, 140, 142, 145
- Range = 145 β 110 = 35
- Q1 = 120, Q3 = 140 β IQR = 140 β 120 = 20
- Mean = (110+120+120+125+128+130+135+140+142+145)/10 = 129.5
5(a) Set operations:
- Formula: Intersection β©, Union βͺ
- Sets: ΞΌ = {0..12}, A = {0..7}, B = {4,6,8,10,12}, C = {2,3,5,7}
- A β© B β© C = β
5(b)(i) Union: B βͺ C = {2,3,4,5,6,7,8,10,12}
5(b)(ii) Intersection: A β© B β© C = β
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