*WAEC PHOTOGRAPHY*

*NUMBER THREE*

(3a)
Film processing refers to the chemical procedure used to develop exposed black and white film, making the latent image visible and permanent by using a series of chemical baths, including developer, stop bath, and fixer.

(3b)
(i) Manual (Hand) processing
(ii) Machine (Automatic) processing

(3c)
(PICK ANY EIGHT)
(i) Film developing tank
(ii) Measuring cylinders
(iii) Thermometer
(iv) Stopwatch or timer
(v) Film opener
(vi) Scissors
(vii) Developer solution
(viii) Stop bath solution
(ix) Fixer solution
(x) Drying rack or line

(3d)
Fogging is the unwanted darkening or clouding of photographic film caused by exposure to light, heat, or chemical contamination before or during development.

(3e)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) Exposure to light before development
(ii) Use of expired film
(iii) Overheating during processing
(iv) Contaminated processing chemicals
(v) Inadequate fixing or washing
(vi) Radiation or static electricity exposure

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PHOTOGRAPHY PRACTICAL 👇👇👇

*3(a) Define the term *film processing* as it relates to black and white film:*

Film processing is the series of chemical procedures used to develop a latent image on exposed black and white film into a visible and permanent image.

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*3(b) State the two film processing techniques:*

1. Manual (hand) processing
2. Automatic (machine) processing

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*3(c) List any eight materials or tools required to process a film in broad daylight:*

1. Changing bag
2. Film developing tank
3. Measuring cylinders
4. Thermometer
5. Developer
6. Stop bath
7. Fixer
8. Water for washing

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*3(d) Define the term *fogging* in photography:*

Fogging is the unwanted exposure of photographic film or paper to light or radiation, causing a veil or haze that reduces image quality.

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*3(e) Highlight any four causes of film fog:*

1. Exposure to light during loading/unloading
2. Expired or old film
3. Improper storage of film
4. Contaminated or exhausted chemicals

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*4(a) Explain the term *freezing* in sport photography:*

Freezing in sport photography refers to the technique of using a high shutter speed to capture and stop fast-moving action, making the subject appear sharp and motionless.

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COSMETOLOGY ANSWERS

(1ai)
A barber is a professional who cuts, styles, and grooms men's hair, as well as shaves and trims beards and mustaches.

(1aii)
(i) Scissors
(ii) Clippers
(iii) Razors
(iv) Trimmers
(v) Combs
(vi) Brushes
(vii) Shears
(viii) Neck duster
(ix) Shaving cream
(x) Astringents or toners

(1b)
(i) Ringworm (fungal infection)
(ii) Impetigo (bacterial infection)
(iii) Folliculitis (inflammation of hair follicles)
(iv) Boils (bacterial infection)
(v) Barber's itch (fungal infection)
(vi) Dandruff (scalp condition)
(vii) Pediculosis (lice infestation)
(viii) Seborrheic dermatitis (skin condition)
(ix) Staphylococcal infections
(x) Herpes simplex (viral infection)

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*WAEC PHOTOGRAPHY*

*NUMBER FOUR*

(4a)
Freezing in sport photography refers to capturing fast-moving subjects without motion blur by using a high shutter speed. This technique allows the photographer to sharply freeze the action, creating a clear, crisp image of athletes in motion.

(4b)
(PICK ANY SIX)
(i) Tripod
(ii) Camera bag
(iii) External flash
(iv) Extra batteries
(v) Memory cards
(vi) Lens hood
(vii) Reflector
(viii) Remote shutter release

(4c)
(PICK ANY THREE PICKED IN 4B)
(i) Tripod: Provides stability and reduces camera shake for sharper images.
(ii) Camera bag: Protects and helps transport camera gear conveniently.
(iii) External flash: Enhances lighting in low-light conditions or when additional light is needed.
(iv) Extra batteries: Ensures continuous shooting without power interruptions.
(v) Memory cards: Stores captured images; essential for extended shoots.
(vi) Lens hood: Reduces lens flare and protects the lens from impact.
(vii) Reflector: Bounces light onto the subject to reduce shadows and enhance illumination.
(viii) Remote shutter release: Allows taking photos without touching the camera, minimizing shake.

(4d)
(PICK ANY FIVE)
(i) Camera shake
(ii) Subject movement
(iii) Slow shutter speed
(iv) Incorrect focus
(v) Dirty lens
(vi) Low light conditions

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*WAEC PHOTOGRAPHY*

*NUMBER TWO*

(2a)
The centre of attraction in Photograph 2 is the large fire with thick black smoke.

(2b)
There is a large fire with thick black smoke dominating the scene.

(2c)
(i) Background - buildings and trees
(ii) Foreground - open field
(iii) Colour - orange flames, dark smoke
(iv) Lighting - natural light, dramatic effect from fire
(v) Perspective - wide view capturing the fire and environment.

(2d).
No people are clearly visible in the photograph.

(2e)
(i) Fire
(ii) Smoke
(iii) House
(iv) Tree
(v) Electric pole
(vi) Open ground

(2f)
Black colour from the thick smoke.

(2g)
A fire is burning intensely, producing thick smoke.

(2h)
The people are not visibly present or are keeping away from the fire.

(2i)
There are no people seen close to the fire, indicating they are avoiding the dangerous area.

(2j)
Raging Fire Outbreak.

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Catering Obj- examkey ceo
01-10: CCDDCACAAA
11-20: DABDBACDBD
21-30: CCDCADCBBB
31-40: CBBBADACAC
Completed like Mama Amaka soup.

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*BLOCK, BRICK & CONCRETE (BBC)*

(4ai)
(PICK ANY ONE)
Workability of concrete refers to the ease with which concrete can be mixed, placed, transported, compacted, and finished without segregation or excessive bleeding

OR

Workability of concrete is how easily the concrete can be handled and shaped during construction while maintaining uniformity and strength

(4aii)
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) Soffit (Bottom Form)
(ii) Side Forms (Side Shutters)
(iii) Props or Supports
(iv) Bracing or Struts

(4b)
PLZ SKETCH AS REQUIRED

(4c)
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) Reinforced Concrete
(ii) Timber
(iii) Steel
(iv) Brick
(v) Stone

(4d)
(PICK ONE EACH)
(i) Going: The horizontal distance from the front edge of one tread to the front edge of the next tread in a staircase.

OR

(i) Going: The depth or horizontal measurement of a tread in a staircase, representing how much space a person steps on when using the stairs.

(ii) Riser: The vertical distance between the top surfaces of two consecutive treads in a staircase. It determines the height of each step.

OR

(ii) Riser: The vertical component of a step that determines the height between two consecutive treads in a staircase.

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*BLOCK, BRICK AND CONCRETE (BBC)*

(5a)
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) Concrete Finish
(ii)Terrazzo Finish
(iii)Tile Finish
(iv)Screed Finish
(v)Granolithic Finish

(5b)
(i) Septic Tank: It is used to treat wastewater from a building by separating solids from liquids and allowing beneficial bacteria to break down organic matter.

(ii) Manhole: It provide access to underground drainage systems for inspection, maintenance, and repair.

(5c)
kerb is a stone, concrete, or other material edging that forms the boundary between a road or pavement and a garden, lawn, or other area.

(5d)
(PICK ANY ONE)

(i)The owner has complete control over the business.

(ii)Decisions can be made quickly without needing to consult others.

(iii)The owner retains all profits, providing a direct incentive for hard work and innovation.

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