WAEC painting and decoration 👇👇
*1(a) List any three results of negligence in the safe use of solvents by an operative on site:*
1. Fire or explosion due to flammability
2. Respiratory problems from inhaling toxic fumes
3. Skin irritation or burns from direct contact
---
*1(b) State any six protective steps to be taken by an operative in the use of solvent against harmful exposure:*
1. Use of personal protective equipment (PPE) like gloves and goggles
2. Ensure proper ventilation in the work area
3. Store solvents in tightly sealed, labelled containers
4. Avoid direct skin contact with solvents
5. Follow manufacturer’s safety guidelines and data sheets
6. Wash hands thoroughly after handling solvents
---
*2(a) List any nine preparatory tools required in wallpapering work:*
1. Wallpaper scissors
2. Paste brush
3. Seam roller
4. Plumb line
5. Wallpaper smoother or brush
6. Trimming knife
7. Tape measure
8. Sponge or cloth
9. Stepladder
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*1(a) List any three results of negligence in the safe use of solvents by an operative on site:*
1. Fire or explosion due to flammability
2. Respiratory problems from inhaling toxic fumes
3. Skin irritation or burns from direct contact
---
*1(b) State any six protective steps to be taken by an operative in the use of solvent against harmful exposure:*
1. Use of personal protective equipment (PPE) like gloves and goggles
2. Ensure proper ventilation in the work area
3. Store solvents in tightly sealed, labelled containers
4. Avoid direct skin contact with solvents
5. Follow manufacturer’s safety guidelines and data sheets
6. Wash hands thoroughly after handling solvents
---
*2(a) List any nine preparatory tools required in wallpapering work:*
1. Wallpaper scissors
2. Paste brush
3. Seam roller
4. Plumb line
5. Wallpaper smoother or brush
6. Trimming knife
7. Tape measure
8. Sponge or cloth
9. Stepladder
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https://t.me/ExamkeyNet
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PAINTING AND DECORATING- ESSAY-ANSWERS
(4)
(a) Shop priming:
Shop priming is the process of applying a primer coat to metal or other surfaces in a controlled factory or workshop environment before the material is transported to the site. It helps protect the surface from corrosion during handling and installation.
(b) Making good:
Making good refers to the process of repairing and preparing a surface before painting. This includes filling cracks, holes, and imperfections to create a smooth and even surface for finishing.
(c) Back priming:
Back priming is the application of primer to the back or unexposed side of materials such as wood before installation. This helps protect against moisture absorption and reduces the risk of warping or deterioration.
(d) Spot priming:
Spot priming is the process of applying primer only to repaired or bare areas on a surface before the full topcoat is applied. This ensures even absorption and adhesion of paint.
(e) Patch priming:
Patch priming involves applying primer to larger repaired or patched sections of a surface to ensure uniformity and prevent flashing when the finish coat is applied.
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(5)
(a) Felt roller:
Used to smooth out wallpaper and remove air bubbles without damaging the paper.
(b) Seam roller:
Used to press down wallpaper seams for a secure bond.
(c) Paperhanger's brush:
Used to smooth wallpaper and remove air bubbles during application.
(d) Casing wheel:
Used to cut or mark casing profiles in wall coverings for precise fitting.
(e) Scissors/shears:
Used to cut wallpaper or trimming materials to size.
(f) Synthetic foam:
Used for applying paint smoothly, especially on smooth surfaces.
(g) Paste brush:
Used to apply adhesive or paste to the back of wallpaper or the wall.
(h) Razor blade:
Used for trimming excess wallpaper or cutting around edges and fixtures.
(i) Spatula:
Used to apply filler or paste and smooth surfaces.
(j) Bucket:
Used to hold water or wallpaper paste for application.
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(4)
(a) Shop priming:
Shop priming is the process of applying a primer coat to metal or other surfaces in a controlled factory or workshop environment before the material is transported to the site. It helps protect the surface from corrosion during handling and installation.
(b) Making good:
Making good refers to the process of repairing and preparing a surface before painting. This includes filling cracks, holes, and imperfections to create a smooth and even surface for finishing.
(c) Back priming:
Back priming is the application of primer to the back or unexposed side of materials such as wood before installation. This helps protect against moisture absorption and reduces the risk of warping or deterioration.
(d) Spot priming:
Spot priming is the process of applying primer only to repaired or bare areas on a surface before the full topcoat is applied. This ensures even absorption and adhesion of paint.
(e) Patch priming:
Patch priming involves applying primer to larger repaired or patched sections of a surface to ensure uniformity and prevent flashing when the finish coat is applied.
=========================
(5)
(a) Felt roller:
Used to smooth out wallpaper and remove air bubbles without damaging the paper.
(b) Seam roller:
Used to press down wallpaper seams for a secure bond.
(c) Paperhanger's brush:
Used to smooth wallpaper and remove air bubbles during application.
(d) Casing wheel:
Used to cut or mark casing profiles in wall coverings for precise fitting.
(e) Scissors/shears:
Used to cut wallpaper or trimming materials to size.
(f) Synthetic foam:
Used for applying paint smoothly, especially on smooth surfaces.
(g) Paste brush:
Used to apply adhesive or paste to the back of wallpaper or the wall.
(h) Razor blade:
Used for trimming excess wallpaper or cutting around edges and fixtures.
(i) Spatula:
Used to apply filler or paste and smooth surfaces.
(j) Bucket:
Used to hold water or wallpaper paste for application.
Join channel for more👇
https://t.me/ExamkeyNet
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*WAEC PHOTOGRAPHY*
*NUMBER THREE*
(3a)
Film processing refers to the chemical procedure used to develop exposed black and white film, making the latent image visible and permanent by using a series of chemical baths, including developer, stop bath, and fixer.
(3b)
(i) Manual (Hand) processing
(ii) Machine (Automatic) processing
(3c)
(PICK ANY EIGHT)
(i) Film developing tank
(ii) Measuring cylinders
(iii) Thermometer
(iv) Stopwatch or timer
(v) Film opener
(vi) Scissors
(vii) Developer solution
(viii) Stop bath solution
(ix) Fixer solution
(x) Drying rack or line
(3d)
Fogging is the unwanted darkening or clouding of photographic film caused by exposure to light, heat, or chemical contamination before or during development.
(3e)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) Exposure to light before development
(ii) Use of expired film
(iii) Overheating during processing
(iv) Contaminated processing chemicals
(v) Inadequate fixing or washing
(vi) Radiation or static electricity exposure
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*NUMBER THREE*
(3a)
Film processing refers to the chemical procedure used to develop exposed black and white film, making the latent image visible and permanent by using a series of chemical baths, including developer, stop bath, and fixer.
(3b)
(i) Manual (Hand) processing
(ii) Machine (Automatic) processing
(3c)
(PICK ANY EIGHT)
(i) Film developing tank
(ii) Measuring cylinders
(iii) Thermometer
(iv) Stopwatch or timer
(v) Film opener
(vi) Scissors
(vii) Developer solution
(viii) Stop bath solution
(ix) Fixer solution
(x) Drying rack or line
(3d)
Fogging is the unwanted darkening or clouding of photographic film caused by exposure to light, heat, or chemical contamination before or during development.
(3e)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) Exposure to light before development
(ii) Use of expired film
(iii) Overheating during processing
(iv) Contaminated processing chemicals
(v) Inadequate fixing or washing
(vi) Radiation or static electricity exposure
Join channel for more👇
https://t.me/ExamkeyNet
❤1👍1
PHOTOGRAPHY PRACTICAL 👇👇👇
*3(a) Define the term *film processing* as it relates to black and white film:*
Film processing is the series of chemical procedures used to develop a latent image on exposed black and white film into a visible and permanent image.
---
*3(b) State the two film processing techniques:*
1. Manual (hand) processing
2. Automatic (machine) processing
---
*3(c) List any eight materials or tools required to process a film in broad daylight:*
1. Changing bag
2. Film developing tank
3. Measuring cylinders
4. Thermometer
5. Developer
6. Stop bath
7. Fixer
8. Water for washing
---
*3(d) Define the term *fogging* in photography:*
Fogging is the unwanted exposure of photographic film or paper to light or radiation, causing a veil or haze that reduces image quality.
---
*3(e) Highlight any four causes of film fog:*
1. Exposure to light during loading/unloading
2. Expired or old film
3. Improper storage of film
4. Contaminated or exhausted chemicals
---
*4(a) Explain the term *freezing* in sport photography:*
Freezing in sport photography refers to the technique of using a high shutter speed to capture and stop fast-moving action, making the subject appear sharp and motionless.
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*3(a) Define the term *film processing* as it relates to black and white film:*
Film processing is the series of chemical procedures used to develop a latent image on exposed black and white film into a visible and permanent image.
---
*3(b) State the two film processing techniques:*
1. Manual (hand) processing
2. Automatic (machine) processing
---
*3(c) List any eight materials or tools required to process a film in broad daylight:*
1. Changing bag
2. Film developing tank
3. Measuring cylinders
4. Thermometer
5. Developer
6. Stop bath
7. Fixer
8. Water for washing
---
*3(d) Define the term *fogging* in photography:*
Fogging is the unwanted exposure of photographic film or paper to light or radiation, causing a veil or haze that reduces image quality.
---
*3(e) Highlight any four causes of film fog:*
1. Exposure to light during loading/unloading
2. Expired or old film
3. Improper storage of film
4. Contaminated or exhausted chemicals
---
*4(a) Explain the term *freezing* in sport photography:*
Freezing in sport photography refers to the technique of using a high shutter speed to capture and stop fast-moving action, making the subject appear sharp and motionless.
Join channel for more👇
https://t.me/ExamkeyNet
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