http://www.landesbioscience.com/journals/vaccines/article/18650/?show_full_text=true&
“One of the challenges of evidence-based evaluation of vaccines is that some effects, e.g. rare adverse effects following immunization (AEFI) or population effects, are usually difficult or impossible to assess in pre-marketing clinical trials due to their limited size and are unknown at the time of recommendation [6] and [7]. The respective evidence arises usually through post-marketing surveillance. Another challenge is the use of immunogenicity markers in vaccine studies. While these accepted correlates of protection are adequate for regulatory purposes, they are considered indirect evidence and are therefore of lesser quality with regard to the primary question of how effectively a vaccine can prevent the disease. Generating the evidence through randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in the post-marketing phase might be difficult for ethical reasons or logistically challenging and very expensive. Therefore, one often has to rely on epidemiological observational studies to adjust programs. According to the principles of epidemiology and the criteria of evidence-based medicine (EBM), however, observational studies have greater potential for bias and confounding compared to RCTs, and may be attributed a lower score of quality of evidence even though they could have been designed and implemented very well and lead to results that are relevant and more valid (e.g. post-licensure studies on measles vaccine safety [8]). Lower grading from observational studies could potentially lead to a lower public confidence in recommendations and immunization programs ”
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264410X1101927X
“Formaldehyde has been classified as a known human carcinogen (cancer-causing substance) by the International Agency for Research on Cancer and as a probable human carcinogen by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Research studies of workers exposed to formaldehyde have suggested an association between formaldehyde exposure and several cancers, including nasopharyngeal cancer and leukemia.”
http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/factsheet/Risk/formaldehyde
“ However, since vaccine preparation involves the use of materials of biological origin, vaccines are subject to contamination by micro-organisms. In fact, vaccine contamination has occurred; a historical example of vaccine contamination, for example, can be found in the early days of development of the smallpox vaccine. The introduction of new techniques of vaccine virus production on cell cultures has lead to safer vaccines, but has not completely removed the risk of virus contamination. There are several examples of vaccine contamination, for example, contamination of human vaccines against poliomyelitis by SV40 virus from the use of monkey primary renal cells. Several veterinary vaccines have been contaminated by pestiviruses from foetal calf serum.
These incidents have lead industry to change certain practices and regulatory authorities to develop more stringent and detailed requirements. But the increasing number of target species for vaccines, the diversity of the origin of biological materials and the extremely high number of known and unknown viruses and their constant evolution represent a challenge to vaccine producers and regulatory authorities.”
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1045105610000734
for a more indepth look see: http://vaccineresearchlibrary.com/weekly-scream-8/
and this may be the scariest of them all..DNA contamination..
Virus-based vaccines are made in living cells (cell substrates). Some manufacturers are investigating the use of new cell lines to make vaccines. The continual growth of cell lines ensures that there is a consistent supply of the same cells that can yield high quantities of the vaccine.
In some cases the cell lines that are used might be tumorigenic, that is, they form tumors when injected into rodents. Some of these tumor-forming cell lines may contain cancer-causing viruses that are not actively reproducing.
“One of the challenges of evidence-based evaluation of vaccines is that some effects, e.g. rare adverse effects following immunization (AEFI) or population effects, are usually difficult or impossible to assess in pre-marketing clinical trials due to their limited size and are unknown at the time of recommendation [6] and [7]. The respective evidence arises usually through post-marketing surveillance. Another challenge is the use of immunogenicity markers in vaccine studies. While these accepted correlates of protection are adequate for regulatory purposes, they are considered indirect evidence and are therefore of lesser quality with regard to the primary question of how effectively a vaccine can prevent the disease. Generating the evidence through randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in the post-marketing phase might be difficult for ethical reasons or logistically challenging and very expensive. Therefore, one often has to rely on epidemiological observational studies to adjust programs. According to the principles of epidemiology and the criteria of evidence-based medicine (EBM), however, observational studies have greater potential for bias and confounding compared to RCTs, and may be attributed a lower score of quality of evidence even though they could have been designed and implemented very well and lead to results that are relevant and more valid (e.g. post-licensure studies on measles vaccine safety [8]). Lower grading from observational studies could potentially lead to a lower public confidence in recommendations and immunization programs ”
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264410X1101927X
“Formaldehyde has been classified as a known human carcinogen (cancer-causing substance) by the International Agency for Research on Cancer and as a probable human carcinogen by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Research studies of workers exposed to formaldehyde have suggested an association between formaldehyde exposure and several cancers, including nasopharyngeal cancer and leukemia.”
http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/factsheet/Risk/formaldehyde
“ However, since vaccine preparation involves the use of materials of biological origin, vaccines are subject to contamination by micro-organisms. In fact, vaccine contamination has occurred; a historical example of vaccine contamination, for example, can be found in the early days of development of the smallpox vaccine. The introduction of new techniques of vaccine virus production on cell cultures has lead to safer vaccines, but has not completely removed the risk of virus contamination. There are several examples of vaccine contamination, for example, contamination of human vaccines against poliomyelitis by SV40 virus from the use of monkey primary renal cells. Several veterinary vaccines have been contaminated by pestiviruses from foetal calf serum.
These incidents have lead industry to change certain practices and regulatory authorities to develop more stringent and detailed requirements. But the increasing number of target species for vaccines, the diversity of the origin of biological materials and the extremely high number of known and unknown viruses and their constant evolution represent a challenge to vaccine producers and regulatory authorities.”
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1045105610000734
for a more indepth look see: http://vaccineresearchlibrary.com/weekly-scream-8/
and this may be the scariest of them all..DNA contamination..
Virus-based vaccines are made in living cells (cell substrates). Some manufacturers are investigating the use of new cell lines to make vaccines. The continual growth of cell lines ensures that there is a consistent supply of the same cells that can yield high quantities of the vaccine.
In some cases the cell lines that are used might be tumorigenic, that is, they form tumors when injected into rodents. Some of these tumor-forming cell lines may contain cancer-causing viruses that are not actively reproducing.
Taylor & Francis
Taylor & Francis - Harnessing the Power of Knowledge
Taylor & Francis publishes knowledge and specialty research spanning humanities, social sciences, science and technology, engineering, medicine and healthcare.
👍4
Such viruses are hard to detect using standard methods. These latent, or “quiet,” viruses pose a potential threat, since they might become active under vaccine manufacturing conditions. Therefore, to ensure the safety of vaccines, our laboratory is investigating ways to activate latent viruses in cell lines and to detect the activated viruses, as well as other unknown viruses, using new technologies. [they are investigating it..so that means everyone getting vaccines now is in danger of the silent viruses..fun..umm..no.]
http://www.fda.gov/biologicsbloodvaccines/scienceresearch/biologicsresearchareas/ucm127327.htm
some more about contamination..
Porcine circovirus type 1 (PCV1) is highly prevalent in swine and was recently reported in some rotavirus vaccines. Since animal-derived raw materials, such as cells, trypsin, and serum, can be a major source of introducing virus contamination in biological products, we have investigated PCV1 in several cell lines obtained from ATCC that have broad use in research, diagnostics, or vaccine development. It is expected that these cell lines have been exposed to bovine and porcine viruses during their establishment and passage history due to the use of serum and trypsin that was not qualified according to current testing guidances or processed using new virus-inactivation methods. This study showed that Vero, MRC-5, and CEFs, which represent cell substrates used in some U.S. licensed vaccines, and other cell lines used in investigational vaccines, such as MDCK, HEK-293, HeLa, and A549, were negative for PCV1 using a nested PCR assay; some were also confirmed negative by infectivity analysis. However, MDBK cells, which are used for some animal vaccines, contained PCV1 sequences, although no virus was isolated. Although the results showed that PCV infection may not have occurred under previous culture conditions, the recent cases of vaccine contamination emphasizes the need for continued efforts to reduce the likelihood of introducing viruses from animal-derived materials used in product manufacture.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21835219?dopt=Abstract
The National Cancer Institute owned patents for the HPV vaccine. Mmm…
http://vaccineresearchlibrary.com/scream-13-nci-owned-hpv-vaccine-patents/
Autism: a novel form of mercury poisoning
“Thimerosal, a preservative added to many vaccines, has become a major source of mercury in children who, within their first two years, may have received a quantity of mercury that exceeds safety guidelines. A review of medical literature and US government data suggests that: (i) many cases of idiopathic autism are induced by early mercury exposure from thimerosal; (ii) this type of autism represents an unrecognized mercurial syndrome; and (iii) genetic and non-genetic factors establish a predisposition whereby thimerosal’s adverse effects occur only in some children.”
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11339848
“Aluminum hydroxide injections lead to motor deficits and motor neuron degeneration.”
“Possible causes of GWS include several of the adjuvants in the anthrax vaccine and others. The most likely culprit appears to be aluminum hydroxide. In an initial series of experiments, we examined the potential toxicity of aluminum hydroxide in male, outbred CD-1 mice injected subcutaneously in two equivalent-to-human doses. After sacrifice, spinal cord and motor cortex samples were examined by immunohistochemistry. Aluminum-treated mice showed significantly increased apoptosis of motor neurons and increases in reactive astrocytes and microglial proliferation within the spinal cord and cortex. Morin stain detected the presence of aluminum in the cytoplasm of motor neurons with some neurons also testing positive for the presence of hyper-phosphorylated tau protein, a pathological hallmark of various neurological diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease and frontotemporal dementia. A second series of experiments was conducted on mice injected with six doses of aluminum hydroxide.
http://www.fda.gov/biologicsbloodvaccines/scienceresearch/biologicsresearchareas/ucm127327.htm
some more about contamination..
Porcine circovirus type 1 (PCV1) is highly prevalent in swine and was recently reported in some rotavirus vaccines. Since animal-derived raw materials, such as cells, trypsin, and serum, can be a major source of introducing virus contamination in biological products, we have investigated PCV1 in several cell lines obtained from ATCC that have broad use in research, diagnostics, or vaccine development. It is expected that these cell lines have been exposed to bovine and porcine viruses during their establishment and passage history due to the use of serum and trypsin that was not qualified according to current testing guidances or processed using new virus-inactivation methods. This study showed that Vero, MRC-5, and CEFs, which represent cell substrates used in some U.S. licensed vaccines, and other cell lines used in investigational vaccines, such as MDCK, HEK-293, HeLa, and A549, were negative for PCV1 using a nested PCR assay; some were also confirmed negative by infectivity analysis. However, MDBK cells, which are used for some animal vaccines, contained PCV1 sequences, although no virus was isolated. Although the results showed that PCV infection may not have occurred under previous culture conditions, the recent cases of vaccine contamination emphasizes the need for continued efforts to reduce the likelihood of introducing viruses from animal-derived materials used in product manufacture.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21835219?dopt=Abstract
The National Cancer Institute owned patents for the HPV vaccine. Mmm…
http://vaccineresearchlibrary.com/scream-13-nci-owned-hpv-vaccine-patents/
Autism: a novel form of mercury poisoning
“Thimerosal, a preservative added to many vaccines, has become a major source of mercury in children who, within their first two years, may have received a quantity of mercury that exceeds safety guidelines. A review of medical literature and US government data suggests that: (i) many cases of idiopathic autism are induced by early mercury exposure from thimerosal; (ii) this type of autism represents an unrecognized mercurial syndrome; and (iii) genetic and non-genetic factors establish a predisposition whereby thimerosal’s adverse effects occur only in some children.”
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11339848
“Aluminum hydroxide injections lead to motor deficits and motor neuron degeneration.”
“Possible causes of GWS include several of the adjuvants in the anthrax vaccine and others. The most likely culprit appears to be aluminum hydroxide. In an initial series of experiments, we examined the potential toxicity of aluminum hydroxide in male, outbred CD-1 mice injected subcutaneously in two equivalent-to-human doses. After sacrifice, spinal cord and motor cortex samples were examined by immunohistochemistry. Aluminum-treated mice showed significantly increased apoptosis of motor neurons and increases in reactive astrocytes and microglial proliferation within the spinal cord and cortex. Morin stain detected the presence of aluminum in the cytoplasm of motor neurons with some neurons also testing positive for the presence of hyper-phosphorylated tau protein, a pathological hallmark of various neurological diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease and frontotemporal dementia. A second series of experiments was conducted on mice injected with six doses of aluminum hydroxide.
U.S. Food and Drug Administration
Investigating Viruses in Cells Used to Make Vaccines; and Evaluating the Potential Threat Posed by Transmission of Viruses to Humans
Scientific overview on investigating viruses in cells used to make vaccines and evaluating the potential threat posed by transmission of viruses to humans by Principal Investigator Arifa S. Khan, PhD.
Behavioural analyses in these mice revealed significant impairments in a number of motor functions as well as diminished spatial memory capacity. The demonstrated neurotoxicity of aluminum hydroxide and its relative ubiquity as an adjuvant suggest that greater scrutiny by the scientific community is warranted.”
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19740540
“These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that immunization with the recombinant hepatitis B vaccine is associated with an increased risk of MS, and challenge the idea that the relation between hepatitis B vaccination and risk of MS is well understood. ”
http://www.neurology.org/content/63/5/838.abstract
“Hepatitis B vaccination does not generally increase the risk of CNS inflammatory demyelination in childhood. However, the Engerix B vaccine appears to increase this risk, particularly for confirmed multiple sclerosis, in the longer term.”
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18843097
Influence of pediatric vaccines on amygdala growth and opioid ligand binding in rhesus macaque infants: A pilot study
“In this pilot study, infant macaques receiving the recommended pediatric vaccine regimen from the 1990’s displayed a different pattern of maturational changes in amygdala volume and differences in amygdala-binding of [11C]DPN following the MMR/DTaP/Hib vaccinations between T1 and T2 compared with non-exposed animals. There was also evidence of greater total brain volume in the exposed group prior to these vaccinations suggesting a possible effect of previous vaccinations to which these animals had been exposed. Because primate testing is an important aspect of pre-clinical vaccine safety assessment prior to approval for human use (Kennedy et al. 1997), the results of this pilot study warrant additional research into the potential impact of an interaction between the MMR and thimerosal-containing vaccines on brain structure and function.”
http://www.ane.pl/pdf/7020.pdf
“A majority of the ophthalmological complications seen following hepatitis B vaccination consist of vision loss, optic neuritis, papillary edema, uveitis, acute placoid pigment epitheliopathy and central vein occlusion. We present a 9-year-old girl who was referred to our hospital with decrease in vision and pain in the left eye a week after hepatitis B vaccination. A diagnosis of vaccine induced optic neuritis was made.”
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19948437
full text here: http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=web&cd=2&ved=0CDwQFjAB&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fpublication%2F40041573_Optic_neuritis_following_hepatitis_B_vaccination_in_a_9-year-old_girl%2Ffile%2F79e4150bf76c1906e2.pdf&ei=7cpyUd-GN8XE0QHXwIC4Ag&usg=AFQjCNF3MZiGq3-dLgVVZUo27Urs2BYxIA&sig2=FxRKYvDGPdzJ3EUQqwdv7A (click open to view)
Acute Fulminant Myocarditis after Diphtheria, Polio, and Tetanus Vaccination
A previously healthy 8-month-old female baby, body height 67cm and body weight 8.0kg, suffered from fever (38.3°C) 12 hours after she received triple vaccination against diphtheria, polio, and tetanus. Dyspnea occurred 3 days later. She presented with poor activity, persistent dyspnea with subcostal retraction and skin mottling 5 days later. There was no prior history of adverse reactions to previous diphtheria, polio, and tetanus vaccinations, or other vaccinations.
poor ventricular contractility recurred 2 months Cardiac catheterization showed patent coronary arteries and a left ventricular ejection fraction of 14%. Endomyocardial biopsy was still not attempted due to poor general condition. The patient died while waiting for heart transplantation.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17130313
full text: http://asianannals.ctsnetjournals.org/cgi/reprint/14/6/e111.pdf
Myocarditis after triple immunisation.
“We describe a 3 month old infant who developed myocarditis several hours after diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis vaccination. The time of occurrence of symptoms, the clinical course, and the negative virological studies suggest a possible cardiogenic adverse reaction to the vaccine.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19740540
“These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that immunization with the recombinant hepatitis B vaccine is associated with an increased risk of MS, and challenge the idea that the relation between hepatitis B vaccination and risk of MS is well understood. ”
http://www.neurology.org/content/63/5/838.abstract
“Hepatitis B vaccination does not generally increase the risk of CNS inflammatory demyelination in childhood. However, the Engerix B vaccine appears to increase this risk, particularly for confirmed multiple sclerosis, in the longer term.”
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18843097
Influence of pediatric vaccines on amygdala growth and opioid ligand binding in rhesus macaque infants: A pilot study
“In this pilot study, infant macaques receiving the recommended pediatric vaccine regimen from the 1990’s displayed a different pattern of maturational changes in amygdala volume and differences in amygdala-binding of [11C]DPN following the MMR/DTaP/Hib vaccinations between T1 and T2 compared with non-exposed animals. There was also evidence of greater total brain volume in the exposed group prior to these vaccinations suggesting a possible effect of previous vaccinations to which these animals had been exposed. Because primate testing is an important aspect of pre-clinical vaccine safety assessment prior to approval for human use (Kennedy et al. 1997), the results of this pilot study warrant additional research into the potential impact of an interaction between the MMR and thimerosal-containing vaccines on brain structure and function.”
http://www.ane.pl/pdf/7020.pdf
“A majority of the ophthalmological complications seen following hepatitis B vaccination consist of vision loss, optic neuritis, papillary edema, uveitis, acute placoid pigment epitheliopathy and central vein occlusion. We present a 9-year-old girl who was referred to our hospital with decrease in vision and pain in the left eye a week after hepatitis B vaccination. A diagnosis of vaccine induced optic neuritis was made.”
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19948437
full text here: http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=web&cd=2&ved=0CDwQFjAB&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fpublication%2F40041573_Optic_neuritis_following_hepatitis_B_vaccination_in_a_9-year-old_girl%2Ffile%2F79e4150bf76c1906e2.pdf&ei=7cpyUd-GN8XE0QHXwIC4Ag&usg=AFQjCNF3MZiGq3-dLgVVZUo27Urs2BYxIA&sig2=FxRKYvDGPdzJ3EUQqwdv7A (click open to view)
Acute Fulminant Myocarditis after Diphtheria, Polio, and Tetanus Vaccination
A previously healthy 8-month-old female baby, body height 67cm and body weight 8.0kg, suffered from fever (38.3°C) 12 hours after she received triple vaccination against diphtheria, polio, and tetanus. Dyspnea occurred 3 days later. She presented with poor activity, persistent dyspnea with subcostal retraction and skin mottling 5 days later. There was no prior history of adverse reactions to previous diphtheria, polio, and tetanus vaccinations, or other vaccinations.
poor ventricular contractility recurred 2 months Cardiac catheterization showed patent coronary arteries and a left ventricular ejection fraction of 14%. Endomyocardial biopsy was still not attempted due to poor general condition. The patient died while waiting for heart transplantation.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17130313
full text: http://asianannals.ctsnetjournals.org/cgi/reprint/14/6/e111.pdf
Myocarditis after triple immunisation.
“We describe a 3 month old infant who developed myocarditis several hours after diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis vaccination. The time of occurrence of symptoms, the clinical course, and the negative virological studies suggest a possible cardiogenic adverse reaction to the vaccine.
PubMed
Aluminum hydroxide injections lead to motor deficits and motor neuron degeneration - PubMed
Gulf War Syndrome is a multi-system disorder afflicting many veterans of Western armies in the 1990-1991 Gulf War. A number of those afflicted may show neurological deficits including various cognitive dysfunctions and motor neuron disease, the latter expression…
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1777748/
A case series of children with apparent mercury toxic encephalopathies manifesting with clinical symptoms of regressive autistic disorders.
Impairments in social relatedness and communication, repetitive behaviors, and stereotypic abnormal movement patterns characterize autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). It is clear that while genetic factors are important to the pathogenesis of ASDs, mercury exposure can induce immune, sensory, neurological, motor, and behavioral dysfunctions similar to traits defining or associated with ASDs. The Institutional Review Board of the Institute for Chronic Illnesses (Office for Human Research Protections, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, IRB number IRB00005375) approved the present study. A case series of nine patients who presented to the Genetic Centers of America for a genetic/developmental evaluation are discussed. Eight of nine patients (one patient was found to have an ASD due to Rett’s syndrome) (a) had regressive ASDs; (b) had elevated levels of androgens; (c) excreted significant amounts of mercury post chelation challenge; (d) had biochemical evidence of decreased function in their glutathione pathways; (e) had no known significant mercury exposure except from Thimerosal-containing vaccines/Rho(D)-immune globulin preparations; and (f) had alternate causes for their regressive ASDs ruled out. There was a significant dose-response relationship between the severity of the regressive ASDs observed and the total mercury dose children received from Thimerosal-containing vaccines/Rho (D)-immune globulin preparations. Based upon differential diagnoses, 8 of 9 patients examined were exposed to significant mercury from Thimerosal-containing biologic/vaccine preparations during their fetal/infant developmental periods, and subsequently, between 12 and 24 mo of age, these previously normally developing children suffered mercury toxic encephalopathies that manifested with clinical symptoms consistent with regressive ASDs. Evidence for mercury intoxication should be considered in the differential diagnosis as contributing to some regressive ASDs.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17454560
” Inflammation, platelet reactivity and cardiac autonomic dysfunction increase the risk of cardiovascular events, but the relationships between these prognostic markers are poorly defined. In this study, we investigated the effect of an inflammatory stimulus (influenza A vaccine) on platelet activation and cardiac autonomic function.. Together with an inflammatory reaction, influenza A vaccine induced platelet activation and sympathovagal imbalance towards adrenergic predominance. Significant correlations were found between CRP levels and HRV parameters, suggesting a pathophysiological link between inflammation and cardiac autonomic regulation. The vaccine-related platelet activation and cardiac autonomic dysfunction may transiently increase the risk of cardiovascular events.”
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20964738
“Narcolepsy is a chronic disorder presenting with excessive daytime sleepiness, often accompanied by a transient loss of muscle tone triggered by strong emotion (cataplexy). Diagnosis is based on clinical criteria and can be confirmed by polysomnography followed by a multiple sleep latency test.1 Estimates of prevalence generally range between 25 and 50 per 100 000, though might be less in some populations, possibly because of differences in genetic susceptibility or exposure to aetiological risk factors.2 Information on incidence is more limited. Onset can occur at any age2 but is commonest in those aged 10-19, in whom an incidence of 3.84 per 100 000 person years has been reported.3 The interval between onset and diagnosis can be long, with a median of 10.5 years in one study.4 Diagnostic delay is less in those with cataplexy and in younger patients.
A case series of children with apparent mercury toxic encephalopathies manifesting with clinical symptoms of regressive autistic disorders.
Impairments in social relatedness and communication, repetitive behaviors, and stereotypic abnormal movement patterns characterize autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). It is clear that while genetic factors are important to the pathogenesis of ASDs, mercury exposure can induce immune, sensory, neurological, motor, and behavioral dysfunctions similar to traits defining or associated with ASDs. The Institutional Review Board of the Institute for Chronic Illnesses (Office for Human Research Protections, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, IRB number IRB00005375) approved the present study. A case series of nine patients who presented to the Genetic Centers of America for a genetic/developmental evaluation are discussed. Eight of nine patients (one patient was found to have an ASD due to Rett’s syndrome) (a) had regressive ASDs; (b) had elevated levels of androgens; (c) excreted significant amounts of mercury post chelation challenge; (d) had biochemical evidence of decreased function in their glutathione pathways; (e) had no known significant mercury exposure except from Thimerosal-containing vaccines/Rho(D)-immune globulin preparations; and (f) had alternate causes for their regressive ASDs ruled out. There was a significant dose-response relationship between the severity of the regressive ASDs observed and the total mercury dose children received from Thimerosal-containing vaccines/Rho (D)-immune globulin preparations. Based upon differential diagnoses, 8 of 9 patients examined were exposed to significant mercury from Thimerosal-containing biologic/vaccine preparations during their fetal/infant developmental periods, and subsequently, between 12 and 24 mo of age, these previously normally developing children suffered mercury toxic encephalopathies that manifested with clinical symptoms consistent with regressive ASDs. Evidence for mercury intoxication should be considered in the differential diagnosis as contributing to some regressive ASDs.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17454560
” Inflammation, platelet reactivity and cardiac autonomic dysfunction increase the risk of cardiovascular events, but the relationships between these prognostic markers are poorly defined. In this study, we investigated the effect of an inflammatory stimulus (influenza A vaccine) on platelet activation and cardiac autonomic function.. Together with an inflammatory reaction, influenza A vaccine induced platelet activation and sympathovagal imbalance towards adrenergic predominance. Significant correlations were found between CRP levels and HRV parameters, suggesting a pathophysiological link between inflammation and cardiac autonomic regulation. The vaccine-related platelet activation and cardiac autonomic dysfunction may transiently increase the risk of cardiovascular events.”
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20964738
“Narcolepsy is a chronic disorder presenting with excessive daytime sleepiness, often accompanied by a transient loss of muscle tone triggered by strong emotion (cataplexy). Diagnosis is based on clinical criteria and can be confirmed by polysomnography followed by a multiple sleep latency test.1 Estimates of prevalence generally range between 25 and 50 per 100 000, though might be less in some populations, possibly because of differences in genetic susceptibility or exposure to aetiological risk factors.2 Information on incidence is more limited. Onset can occur at any age2 but is commonest in those aged 10-19, in whom an incidence of 3.84 per 100 000 person years has been reported.3 The interval between onset and diagnosis can be long, with a median of 10.5 years in one study.4 Diagnostic delay is less in those with cataplexy and in younger patients.
PubMed Central (PMC)
Myocarditis after triple immunisation.
We describe a 3 month old infant who developed myocarditis several hours after diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis vaccination. The time of occurrence of symptoms, the clinical course, and the negative virological studies suggest a possible cardiogenic ...
👍1
5 There is a strong association with human leucocyte antigen (HLA) DQB1*0602 and reported associations with environmental factors such as streptococcal infection,6 seasonal influenza,7 and more recently pandemic A/H1N1 2009 influenza.8
In August 2010 concerns were raised in Finland and Sweden about a possible association between narcolepsy and Pandemrix.13 A subsequent cohort study in Finland reported a 13-fold increased risk of narcolepsy after vaccination in children and young people aged 4-19, most of whom had onset within three months after vaccination and almost all within six months.14 To evaluate the risk of narcolepsy after vaccination in England we identified cases in those aged under 19 with onset since 1 January 2008 and compared the proportion vaccinated with that in the age matched English population after adjusting for clinical conditions that were indications for pandemic vaccination.
The increased risk of narcolepsy after vaccination with ASO3 adjuvanted pandemic A/H1N1 2009 vaccine indicates a causal association, consistent with findings from Finland.”
http://www.bmj.com/content/346/bmj.f794
Detection of Measles Virus Genomic RNA in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Children with Regressive Autism: a Report of Three Cases.
In light of encephalopathy presenting as autistic regression (autistic encephalopathy, AE) closely following measles-mumps- rubella (MMR) vaccination, three children underwent cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) assessments including studies for measles virus(MV). All three children had concomitant onset of gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms and had already had MV genomic RNA detected in biopsies ofileal lymphoid nodular hyperplasia(LNH). Presence of MV Fusion(F) gene was examined by TaqMan real- time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in cases and control CSF samples. The latter were obtained from three non- autistic MMR-vaccinated children with indwelling shunts for hydrocephalus. None of the cases or controls had a history of measles exposure other than MMR vaccination. Serum and CSF samples were also evaluated for antibodies to MV and myelin basic protein(MBP). MV F gene was present in CSF from all three cases, but not in controls. Genome copy number ranged from 3.7×10 to 2.42×10 per ng of RNA total. Serum anti-MBP autoantibodies were detected in all children with AE. Anti-MBP and MV antibodies were detected in the CSF of two cases, while the third child had neither anti-MBP nor MV antibodies detected in his CSF. Findings are consistent with both an MV (measles virus) etiology for the AE (autistic encephalopathy) and active viral replication in these children. They further indicate the possibility of a virally driven cerebral immunopathology in some cases of regressive autism.
www.jpands.org/vol9no2/bradstreet.pdf
Among 11, 531 children who received at least 4 doses of DPT, the risk of asthma was reduced to (1/2) in children whose first dose of DPT was delayed by more than 2 months. The likelihood of asthma in children with delays in all 3 doses was 0.39 (95% CI, 0.18-0.86).
CONCLUSION: We found a negative association between delay in administration of the first dose of whole-cell DPT immunization in childhood and the development of asthma; the association was greater with delays in all of the first 3 doses. The mechanism for this phenomenon requires further research.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18207561
“Macrophagic myofasciitis and chronic fatigue syndrome are severely disabling conditions which may be caused by adverse reactions to aluminium-containing adjuvants in vaccines. While a little is known of disease aetiology both conditions are characterised by an aberrant immune response, have a number of prominent symptoms in common and are coincident in many individuals. Herein, we have described a case of vaccine-associated chronic fatigue syndrome and macrophagic myofasciitis in an individual demonstrating aluminium overload.
In August 2010 concerns were raised in Finland and Sweden about a possible association between narcolepsy and Pandemrix.13 A subsequent cohort study in Finland reported a 13-fold increased risk of narcolepsy after vaccination in children and young people aged 4-19, most of whom had onset within three months after vaccination and almost all within six months.14 To evaluate the risk of narcolepsy after vaccination in England we identified cases in those aged under 19 with onset since 1 January 2008 and compared the proportion vaccinated with that in the age matched English population after adjusting for clinical conditions that were indications for pandemic vaccination.
The increased risk of narcolepsy after vaccination with ASO3 adjuvanted pandemic A/H1N1 2009 vaccine indicates a causal association, consistent with findings from Finland.”
http://www.bmj.com/content/346/bmj.f794
Detection of Measles Virus Genomic RNA in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Children with Regressive Autism: a Report of Three Cases.
In light of encephalopathy presenting as autistic regression (autistic encephalopathy, AE) closely following measles-mumps- rubella (MMR) vaccination, three children underwent cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) assessments including studies for measles virus(MV). All three children had concomitant onset of gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms and had already had MV genomic RNA detected in biopsies ofileal lymphoid nodular hyperplasia(LNH). Presence of MV Fusion(F) gene was examined by TaqMan real- time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in cases and control CSF samples. The latter were obtained from three non- autistic MMR-vaccinated children with indwelling shunts for hydrocephalus. None of the cases or controls had a history of measles exposure other than MMR vaccination. Serum and CSF samples were also evaluated for antibodies to MV and myelin basic protein(MBP). MV F gene was present in CSF from all three cases, but not in controls. Genome copy number ranged from 3.7×10 to 2.42×10 per ng of RNA total. Serum anti-MBP autoantibodies were detected in all children with AE. Anti-MBP and MV antibodies were detected in the CSF of two cases, while the third child had neither anti-MBP nor MV antibodies detected in his CSF. Findings are consistent with both an MV (measles virus) etiology for the AE (autistic encephalopathy) and active viral replication in these children. They further indicate the possibility of a virally driven cerebral immunopathology in some cases of regressive autism.
www.jpands.org/vol9no2/bradstreet.pdf
Among 11, 531 children who received at least 4 doses of DPT, the risk of asthma was reduced to (1/2) in children whose first dose of DPT was delayed by more than 2 months. The likelihood of asthma in children with delays in all 3 doses was 0.39 (95% CI, 0.18-0.86).
CONCLUSION: We found a negative association between delay in administration of the first dose of whole-cell DPT immunization in childhood and the development of asthma; the association was greater with delays in all of the first 3 doses. The mechanism for this phenomenon requires further research.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18207561
“Macrophagic myofasciitis and chronic fatigue syndrome are severely disabling conditions which may be caused by adverse reactions to aluminium-containing adjuvants in vaccines. While a little is known of disease aetiology both conditions are characterised by an aberrant immune response, have a number of prominent symptoms in common and are coincident in many individuals. Herein, we have described a case of vaccine-associated chronic fatigue syndrome and macrophagic myofasciitis in an individual demonstrating aluminium overload.
The BMJ
Risk of narcolepsy in children and young people receiving AS03 adjuvanted pandemic A/H1N1 2009 influenza vaccine: retrospective…
Objective To evaluate the risk of narcolepsy in children and adolescents in England targeted for vaccination with ASO3 adjuvanted pandemic A/H1N1 2009 vaccine (Pandemrix) from October 2009.
Design Retrospective analysis. Clinical information and results…
Design Retrospective analysis. Clinical information and results…
This is the first report linking the latter with either of these two conditions and the possibility is considered that the coincident aluminium overload contributed significantly to the severity of these conditions in this individual. This case has highlighted potential dangers associated with aluminium-containing adjuvants and we have elucidated a possible mechanism whereby vaccination involving aluminium-containing adjuvants could trigger the cascade of immunological events which are associated with autoimmune conditions including chronic fatigue syndrome and macrophagic myofasciitis.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19004564
full text here: http://www.theoneclickgroup.co.uk/documents/vaccines/Vaccine%20Aluminium%20In%20CFS.pdf
“Our case highlights the fact that pediatricians should be aware of the often-dramatic presentation of postvaccination myopericarditis and its usually benign clinical course. The diagnosis of myocarditis should be entertained when acute-onset chest pain is accompanied by ECG changes and elevated cardiac enzyme levels. In cases in which the above-described presentation is temporally related to routine immunizations, the immunizations should be considered as a possible underlying etiology. ”
http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/119/6/e1400.full
Conclusion: Susceptibility to ASD has moderate genetic heritability and a substantial shared twin environmental component.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21727249
full text here: http://cirge.stanford.edu/Hallmayer%202011.pdf
. ASDs disproportionately affect male children. Mercury (Hg) a heavy metal, is widespread and persistent in the environment. Mercury is a ubiquitous source of danger in fish, drugs, fungicides/herbicides, dental fillings, thermometers, and many other products. Elevated Hg concentrations may remain in the brain from several years to decades following exposure. This is important because investigators have long recognized that Hg is a neurodevelopmental poison; it can cause problems in neuronal cell migration and division, and can ultimately cause cell degeneration and death. Case-reports of patients have described developmental regressions with ASD symptoms following fetal and/or early childhood Hg exposure (flu shots for pregnant women are good says the CDC?), and epidemiological studies have linked exposure to Hg with an elevated risk of a patient being diagnosed with an ASD. Immune, sensory, neurological, motor, and behavioral dysfunctions similar to traits defining or associated with ASDs were reported following Hg (mercury) intoxication with similarities extending to neuroanatomy, neurotransmitters, and biochemistry. The sexual dimorphism of ASDs may result from synergistic neurotoxicity caused by the interaction of testosterone and Hg; in contrast, estrogen is protective, mitigating the toxicity of Hg.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16264412
“Starting in 2000, HZ (herpes zoster – or shingles) surveillance was added to the project. By 2002, notable increases in HZ incidence rates were reported among both children and adults with a prior history of natural varicella. However, CDC authorities still claimed that no increase in HZ had occurred in any US surveillance site. The basic assumptions inherent to the varicella cost-benefit analysis ignored the significance of exogenous boosting caused by those shedding wild-type VZV. Also ignored was the morbidity associated with even rare serious events following varicella vaccination as well as the morbidity from increasing cases of HZ among adults. Vaccine efficacy declined below 80% in 2001. By 2006, because 20% of vaccinees were experiencing breakthrough varicella and vaccine-induced protection was waning, the CDC recommended a booster dose for children and, in 2007, a shingles vaccination was approved for adults aged 60 years and older. In the prelicensure era, 95% of adults experienced natural chickenpox (usually as children)-these cases were usually benign and resulted in long-term immunity.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19004564
full text here: http://www.theoneclickgroup.co.uk/documents/vaccines/Vaccine%20Aluminium%20In%20CFS.pdf
“Our case highlights the fact that pediatricians should be aware of the often-dramatic presentation of postvaccination myopericarditis and its usually benign clinical course. The diagnosis of myocarditis should be entertained when acute-onset chest pain is accompanied by ECG changes and elevated cardiac enzyme levels. In cases in which the above-described presentation is temporally related to routine immunizations, the immunizations should be considered as a possible underlying etiology. ”
http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/119/6/e1400.full
Conclusion: Susceptibility to ASD has moderate genetic heritability and a substantial shared twin environmental component.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21727249
full text here: http://cirge.stanford.edu/Hallmayer%202011.pdf
. ASDs disproportionately affect male children. Mercury (Hg) a heavy metal, is widespread and persistent in the environment. Mercury is a ubiquitous source of danger in fish, drugs, fungicides/herbicides, dental fillings, thermometers, and many other products. Elevated Hg concentrations may remain in the brain from several years to decades following exposure. This is important because investigators have long recognized that Hg is a neurodevelopmental poison; it can cause problems in neuronal cell migration and division, and can ultimately cause cell degeneration and death. Case-reports of patients have described developmental regressions with ASD symptoms following fetal and/or early childhood Hg exposure (flu shots for pregnant women are good says the CDC?), and epidemiological studies have linked exposure to Hg with an elevated risk of a patient being diagnosed with an ASD. Immune, sensory, neurological, motor, and behavioral dysfunctions similar to traits defining or associated with ASDs were reported following Hg (mercury) intoxication with similarities extending to neuroanatomy, neurotransmitters, and biochemistry. The sexual dimorphism of ASDs may result from synergistic neurotoxicity caused by the interaction of testosterone and Hg; in contrast, estrogen is protective, mitigating the toxicity of Hg.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16264412
“Starting in 2000, HZ (herpes zoster – or shingles) surveillance was added to the project. By 2002, notable increases in HZ incidence rates were reported among both children and adults with a prior history of natural varicella. However, CDC authorities still claimed that no increase in HZ had occurred in any US surveillance site. The basic assumptions inherent to the varicella cost-benefit analysis ignored the significance of exogenous boosting caused by those shedding wild-type VZV. Also ignored was the morbidity associated with even rare serious events following varicella vaccination as well as the morbidity from increasing cases of HZ among adults. Vaccine efficacy declined below 80% in 2001. By 2006, because 20% of vaccinees were experiencing breakthrough varicella and vaccine-induced protection was waning, the CDC recommended a booster dose for children and, in 2007, a shingles vaccination was approved for adults aged 60 years and older. In the prelicensure era, 95% of adults experienced natural chickenpox (usually as children)-these cases were usually benign and resulted in long-term immunity.
PubMed
A role for the body burden of aluminium in vaccine-associated macrophagic myofasciitis and chronic fatigue syndrome - PubMed
Macrophagic myofasciitis and chronic fatigue syndrome are severely disabling conditions which may be caused by adverse reactions to aluminium-containing adjuvants in vaccines. While a little is known of disease aetiology both conditions are characterised…
Varicella vaccination is less effective than the natural immunity that existed in prevaccine communities. Universal varicella vaccination has not proven to be cost-effective as increased HZ morbidity has disproportionately offset cost savings associated with reductions in varicella disease. Universal varicella vaccination has failed to provide long-term protection from VZV disease.”
**personal note : many say that the rise in shingles that we are experiencing is because children are not catching chickenpox anymore. For adults who had the chickenpox as children, coming into contact with a child that has the chickenpox acts as an immunity boost against shingles (kinda like the immune system saying, “hey I remember that..let me send out some reinforcements..”) but since adults aren’t getting that boost anymore..shingles is on the rise. Shingles is more dangerous than chickenpox. We have traded a mild childhood disease, that was described as a mild disease that runs its course and is completed between 5 to 10 days and, “never, of itself, proves fatal.” (see here for reference: http://archive.org/stream/variolavacciniah00newe#page/20/mode/2up ) for a disease that is much more serious and claims more lives. But hey..now you can just buy a shingles vaccine! The reason above is why in the UK, there is no recommendation for the chickenpox vaccine.
Or as Dr Phillip Welsby, an infectious diseases expert, explains it,
“Every time adults come into contact with children who’ve just caught chicken pox, they get the natural equivalent of a booster shot of the virus which strengthens their resistance. In the past, when a child got chicken pox their mother would invite neighbours’ children to a ‘chicken pox party’ so they, too, could become infected and get it over with. ‘What the parents usually didn’t realize was they were benefiting as well. GPs, for instance, are less likely to develop shingles, because they are regularly exposed to children with chicken pox.” (http://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-1158655/Why-giving-children-chicken-pox-jab-YOU-shingles.html )
Another great article to read is, “chickenpox: why do children die?”
http://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2001/03/17/chicken-pox.aspx
source for main article: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22659447
“Clustering of cases of insulin dependent diabetes (IDDM) occurring three years after hemophilus influenza B (HiB) immunization support causal relationship between immunization and IDDM (insulin depedent diabetes).”
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12911277
“We initiated and funded a collaborative study with Tuomilehto on the effect of the Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine on type 1 diabetes and found that the data support a causal relation (paper submitted for publication). Furthermore, the potential risk of the vaccine exceeds the potential benefit. We compared a group that received four doses of the vaccine, a group that received one dose, and a group that was not vaccinated. The cumulative incidence of diabetes per 100000 in the three groups receiving four, one, and no doses of the vaccine was 261, 237, and 207 at age 7 and 398, 376, and 340 at age 10 respectively.
Karvonen et al’s analysis is not rational, and their conclusion is not supported by our data.1 Their calculations of relative risk are also misleadingly low, and we urge readers to check them. Most researchers would compare the group who received four doses with the group that was not vaccinated or the two vaccinated groups with the group that was not vaccinated. The results of both comparisons reach significance. The cumulative difference in cases of type 1 diabetes per 100000 between those receiving four doses and those who were not vaccinated is 54 cases (P=0.013) at 7 years and 58 cases at 10 years (P=0.029; single tail Fisher test). The relative risk is 1.26 at 7 years. The cumulative difference between those receiving four doses or one dose of the vaccine and those who were not vaccinated is 42 cases (P=0.016) at 7 years and 47 cases at 10 years (P=0.028).
**personal note : many say that the rise in shingles that we are experiencing is because children are not catching chickenpox anymore. For adults who had the chickenpox as children, coming into contact with a child that has the chickenpox acts as an immunity boost against shingles (kinda like the immune system saying, “hey I remember that..let me send out some reinforcements..”) but since adults aren’t getting that boost anymore..shingles is on the rise. Shingles is more dangerous than chickenpox. We have traded a mild childhood disease, that was described as a mild disease that runs its course and is completed between 5 to 10 days and, “never, of itself, proves fatal.” (see here for reference: http://archive.org/stream/variolavacciniah00newe#page/20/mode/2up ) for a disease that is much more serious and claims more lives. But hey..now you can just buy a shingles vaccine! The reason above is why in the UK, there is no recommendation for the chickenpox vaccine.
Or as Dr Phillip Welsby, an infectious diseases expert, explains it,
“Every time adults come into contact with children who’ve just caught chicken pox, they get the natural equivalent of a booster shot of the virus which strengthens their resistance. In the past, when a child got chicken pox their mother would invite neighbours’ children to a ‘chicken pox party’ so they, too, could become infected and get it over with. ‘What the parents usually didn’t realize was they were benefiting as well. GPs, for instance, are less likely to develop shingles, because they are regularly exposed to children with chicken pox.” (http://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-1158655/Why-giving-children-chicken-pox-jab-YOU-shingles.html )
Another great article to read is, “chickenpox: why do children die?”
http://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2001/03/17/chicken-pox.aspx
source for main article: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22659447
“Clustering of cases of insulin dependent diabetes (IDDM) occurring three years after hemophilus influenza B (HiB) immunization support causal relationship between immunization and IDDM (insulin depedent diabetes).”
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12911277
“We initiated and funded a collaborative study with Tuomilehto on the effect of the Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine on type 1 diabetes and found that the data support a causal relation (paper submitted for publication). Furthermore, the potential risk of the vaccine exceeds the potential benefit. We compared a group that received four doses of the vaccine, a group that received one dose, and a group that was not vaccinated. The cumulative incidence of diabetes per 100000 in the three groups receiving four, one, and no doses of the vaccine was 261, 237, and 207 at age 7 and 398, 376, and 340 at age 10 respectively.
Karvonen et al’s analysis is not rational, and their conclusion is not supported by our data.1 Their calculations of relative risk are also misleadingly low, and we urge readers to check them. Most researchers would compare the group who received four doses with the group that was not vaccinated or the two vaccinated groups with the group that was not vaccinated. The results of both comparisons reach significance. The cumulative difference in cases of type 1 diabetes per 100000 between those receiving four doses and those who were not vaccinated is 54 cases (P=0.013) at 7 years and 58 cases at 10 years (P=0.029; single tail Fisher test). The relative risk is 1.26 at 7 years. The cumulative difference between those receiving four doses or one dose of the vaccine and those who were not vaccinated is 42 cases (P=0.016) at 7 years and 47 cases at 10 years (P=0.028).
Internet Archive
Variola and vaccinia, history and description. Hints relating to the propagation of vaccine virus. Certain anomalies in the course…
56, [3] p
👍1
The rise in diabetes, just one potential adverse effect, exceeds the benefit of the vaccine, which has been estimated to prevent seven deaths and 7-26 cases of severe disability per 100000 children immunised.2 Even the difference in cases of diabetes between the groups receiving four doses and one dose exceeds the mean expected benefit. Temporal changes in the incidence of diabetes do not explain the differences since there were an extra 31 cases of type 1 diabetes per 100000 children aged 5-10, and the incidence of diabetes in this group had been stable for about 10 years before this.3 Furthermore, sharp rises in diabetes have been recorded in the United States4 and the United Kingdom5 after the introduction of the haemophilus vaccine.”
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1116914/
Published research shows that personal benefit from vaccinating healthy nonelderly adults is small and there is no evidence that it is any different for HCWs. The studies aiming to prove the widespread belief that healthcare worker vaccination decreases patient morbidity and mortality are heavily flawed and the recommendations for vaccination biased. No reliable published evidence shows that healthcare workers’ vaccination has substantial benefit for their patients—not in reducing patient morbidity or mortality and not even in increasing patient vaccination rates. Conclusion. The arguments for uniform healthcare worker influenza vaccination are not supported by existing literature. The decision whether to get vaccinated should, except possibly in extreme situations, be that of the individual healthcare worker, without legal, institutional, or peer coercion.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3502850/
The association between sudden infant death syndrome and immunization is frequently discussed. Serious adverse events following vaccination have generally been defined as those adverse events that result in permanent disability, hospitalization or prolongation of hospitalization, life threatening illness, congenital anomaly or death. They are generally referred to the inherent properties of the vaccine (vaccine reaction) or some error in the immunization process (programme error). The event could also be totally unrelated but only temporally linked to immunization (coincidental event). A fatal case of a 3-month-old female infant, who died within 24 h of vaccination with hexavalent vaccine is presented. Clinical data, post-mortem findings (acute pulmonary oedema, acute pulmonary emphysema), quali-quantitative data collected from immunohistochemical staining (degranulating mast cells) and laboratory analysis with a high level of beta-tryptase in serum, 43.3 microg/l, allows us to conclude that acute respiratory failure likely due to post hexavalent immunization-related shock was the cause of death.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18538957
Despite wide use of the influenza vaccine, relatively little is known about its effect on the measurement of inflammatory markers. Because inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP) are increasingly being used in conjunction with lipids for the clinical assessment of cardiovascular disease and in epidemiologic studies, we evaluated the effect of influenza vaccination on markers of inflammation and plasma lipid concentrations. We drew blood from 22 healthy individuals 1 to 6 hours before they were given an influenza vaccination and 1, 3, and 7 days after the vaccination. Plasma CRP, interleukin (IL)-6, monocyte chemotactic protein 1, tumor necrosis factor alpha, IL-2 soluble receptor alpha, and serum amyloid A were measured, and differences in mean concentrations of absolute and normalized values on days 1, 3, and 7 were compared with mean baseline values. There was a significant increase in mean IL-6 (P < .01 absolute values, P < .001 normalized values) on day 1 after receiving the influenza vaccine. The mean increases in normalized high sensitivity CRP values were significant on day 1 (P < .01) and day 3 (P = .
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1116914/
Published research shows that personal benefit from vaccinating healthy nonelderly adults is small and there is no evidence that it is any different for HCWs. The studies aiming to prove the widespread belief that healthcare worker vaccination decreases patient morbidity and mortality are heavily flawed and the recommendations for vaccination biased. No reliable published evidence shows that healthcare workers’ vaccination has substantial benefit for their patients—not in reducing patient morbidity or mortality and not even in increasing patient vaccination rates. Conclusion. The arguments for uniform healthcare worker influenza vaccination are not supported by existing literature. The decision whether to get vaccinated should, except possibly in extreme situations, be that of the individual healthcare worker, without legal, institutional, or peer coercion.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3502850/
The association between sudden infant death syndrome and immunization is frequently discussed. Serious adverse events following vaccination have generally been defined as those adverse events that result in permanent disability, hospitalization or prolongation of hospitalization, life threatening illness, congenital anomaly or death. They are generally referred to the inherent properties of the vaccine (vaccine reaction) or some error in the immunization process (programme error). The event could also be totally unrelated but only temporally linked to immunization (coincidental event). A fatal case of a 3-month-old female infant, who died within 24 h of vaccination with hexavalent vaccine is presented. Clinical data, post-mortem findings (acute pulmonary oedema, acute pulmonary emphysema), quali-quantitative data collected from immunohistochemical staining (degranulating mast cells) and laboratory analysis with a high level of beta-tryptase in serum, 43.3 microg/l, allows us to conclude that acute respiratory failure likely due to post hexavalent immunization-related shock was the cause of death.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18538957
Despite wide use of the influenza vaccine, relatively little is known about its effect on the measurement of inflammatory markers. Because inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP) are increasingly being used in conjunction with lipids for the clinical assessment of cardiovascular disease and in epidemiologic studies, we evaluated the effect of influenza vaccination on markers of inflammation and plasma lipid concentrations. We drew blood from 22 healthy individuals 1 to 6 hours before they were given an influenza vaccination and 1, 3, and 7 days after the vaccination. Plasma CRP, interleukin (IL)-6, monocyte chemotactic protein 1, tumor necrosis factor alpha, IL-2 soluble receptor alpha, and serum amyloid A were measured, and differences in mean concentrations of absolute and normalized values on days 1, 3, and 7 were compared with mean baseline values. There was a significant increase in mean IL-6 (P < .01 absolute values, P < .001 normalized values) on day 1 after receiving the influenza vaccine. The mean increases in normalized high sensitivity CRP values were significant on day 1 (P < .01) and day 3 (P = .
PubMed Central (PMC)
Association between type 1 diabetes and Hib vaccine: Causal relation is likely
👍2
05), whereas the mean increase in normalized serum amyloid A was significant only on day 1 (P < .05). No significant changes were seen in mean concentrations of IL-2 soluble receptor alpha, monocyte chemotactic protein-1, or tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Of the lipids, significant decreases in mean concentrations of normalized triglyceride values were seen on days 1 (P < .05), 3 (P < .001), and 7 (P < .05) after vaccination. Our findings show that the influenza vaccination causes transient changes in select markers of inflammation and lipids. Consequently, clinical and epidemiologic interpretation of the biomarkers affected should take into account the possible effects of influenza vaccination.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15976761
“A continuous breeding reproduction study design was utilized to examine the reproductive toxicity of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (EGBE) and ethylene glycol monophenyl ether (EGPE)(EGPE = vaccine ingredient). continuous breeding reproduction study design was utilized to examine the reproductive toxicity of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (EGBE) and ethylene glycol monophenyl ether (EGPE).. Both male and female mice were dosed for 7 days prior to and during a 98-day cohabitation period. EGBE was toxic at the high (2%) and mid dose (1%) to adult F0 female mice: 13 out of 22 females at the high dose and 6 out of 20 at the mid dose died during the cohabitation period. Both the high- and mid-dose animals produced fewer litters/pair, fewer pups/litter, with decreased pup weight. These effects occurred in the presence of decreased body weight, decreased water consumption, and increased kidney weight. A crossover mating trial indicated that the reproductive effects could be attributed primarily to an effect on the female. This was substantiated at necropsy where testes and epididymis weights were normal as were sperm number and motility. Fertility of the offspring of the 0.5% group was normal in the presence of increased liver weights. With respect to EGPE, there was no change in the ability to produce five litters during the continuous breeding period. There was, however, a significant but small (10-15%) decrease in the number of pups/litter and in pup weight in the high-dose group. A crossover mating trial suggested a female component of the reproductive toxicity of EGPE. While fertility was only minimally compromised, severe neonatal toxicity was observed. By Day 21 there were only 8 out of 40 litters in the mid- and high-dose groups which had at least one male and female/litter. Second generation reproductive performance of the mid-dose group (1.25%) was unaffected except for a small decrease in live pup weight. In summary the reproductive toxicity of EGBE and EGPE was only evident in the female and occurred at doses which elicited general toxicity. EGBE was particularly toxic to adult female mice while EGPE was particularly toxic to immature mice of both sexes.” (10)
** I had to read this about ten times just to make sure that I was reading it right. Did that really just say what I thought it did? Does anyone else notice how the authors try their hardest to play down the results in the group that received EGPE? But if you read it a few times..you will quickly realize that the results for the group that received 2-phenoxyethanol are not good.
•there was a slow decline in fertility that caused a drop in the weight and health of the next generation.
• severe neonatal (infants) toxicity was observed.
•the abstract never gave the information needed to know how many in the EGPE group died..but it seems more died in the EGPE group than in the EGBE group. Since it never gave the orginal number of pups/liter there is no way to know.
• the other ether in the study caused deaths and toxic events to happen to the adult female mice. The glysol ether that is in several pediatric vaccines, 2-phenoxyethanol, was particularly toxic and caused death in the baby and children mice of both sexes.
•and these results were what happened after the mice ate 2-phenoxyethanol..
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15976761
“A continuous breeding reproduction study design was utilized to examine the reproductive toxicity of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (EGBE) and ethylene glycol monophenyl ether (EGPE)(EGPE = vaccine ingredient). continuous breeding reproduction study design was utilized to examine the reproductive toxicity of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (EGBE) and ethylene glycol monophenyl ether (EGPE).. Both male and female mice were dosed for 7 days prior to and during a 98-day cohabitation period. EGBE was toxic at the high (2%) and mid dose (1%) to adult F0 female mice: 13 out of 22 females at the high dose and 6 out of 20 at the mid dose died during the cohabitation period. Both the high- and mid-dose animals produced fewer litters/pair, fewer pups/litter, with decreased pup weight. These effects occurred in the presence of decreased body weight, decreased water consumption, and increased kidney weight. A crossover mating trial indicated that the reproductive effects could be attributed primarily to an effect on the female. This was substantiated at necropsy where testes and epididymis weights were normal as were sperm number and motility. Fertility of the offspring of the 0.5% group was normal in the presence of increased liver weights. With respect to EGPE, there was no change in the ability to produce five litters during the continuous breeding period. There was, however, a significant but small (10-15%) decrease in the number of pups/litter and in pup weight in the high-dose group. A crossover mating trial suggested a female component of the reproductive toxicity of EGPE. While fertility was only minimally compromised, severe neonatal toxicity was observed. By Day 21 there were only 8 out of 40 litters in the mid- and high-dose groups which had at least one male and female/litter. Second generation reproductive performance of the mid-dose group (1.25%) was unaffected except for a small decrease in live pup weight. In summary the reproductive toxicity of EGBE and EGPE was only evident in the female and occurred at doses which elicited general toxicity. EGBE was particularly toxic to adult female mice while EGPE was particularly toxic to immature mice of both sexes.” (10)
** I had to read this about ten times just to make sure that I was reading it right. Did that really just say what I thought it did? Does anyone else notice how the authors try their hardest to play down the results in the group that received EGPE? But if you read it a few times..you will quickly realize that the results for the group that received 2-phenoxyethanol are not good.
•there was a slow decline in fertility that caused a drop in the weight and health of the next generation.
• severe neonatal (infants) toxicity was observed.
•the abstract never gave the information needed to know how many in the EGPE group died..but it seems more died in the EGPE group than in the EGBE group. Since it never gave the orginal number of pups/liter there is no way to know.
• the other ether in the study caused deaths and toxic events to happen to the adult female mice. The glysol ether that is in several pediatric vaccines, 2-phenoxyethanol, was particularly toxic and caused death in the baby and children mice of both sexes.
•and these results were what happened after the mice ate 2-phenoxyethanol..
PubMed
Effect of influenza vaccine on markers of inflammation and lipid profile - PubMed
Despite wide use of the influenza vaccine, relatively little is known about its effect on the measurement of inflammatory markers. Because inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP) are increasingly being used in conjunction with lipids for the…
infants and children are injected with this substance. (17 times before the age of 18, as i mentioned above)
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2086313
“In summary, ethylene glycol monophenyl ether produced significant reproductive and developmental toxicity..Ethylene glycol monophenyl ether caused significant toxicity in growing animals, as evidenced by the reduced body weight in neonates in Tasks 2, 3, and 4, and the large increase in postnatal lethality as the animals grew to the age of mating.” (11)
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1470243/pdf/envhper00326-0221.pdf
“Neonatal female rats were injected ip (0.1 ml/rat) with Tween 80 in 1, 5 or 10% aqueous solution on days 4-7 after birth. Treatment with Tween 80 accelerated maturation, prolonged the oestrus cycle, and induced persistent vaginal oestrus. The relative weight of the uterus and ovaries was decreased relative to the untreated controls. Squamous cell metaplasia of the epithelial lining of the uterus and cytological changes in the uterus were indicative of chronic oestrogenic stimulation. Ovaries were without corpora lutea, and had degenerative follicles”
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8473002?dopt=Abstract
“Acquired autoimmunity syndromes occur after viral vaccinations. Molecular mimicry is involved in these phenomena as is the necessity for the presence of two chemically complimentary antigens and an immunologic adjuvant. The HLA pattern of the host is also an important factor. The example used to explain these phenomena is demyelinating disease that follows hepatitis B vaccination. The somatic antigen of the hepatitis B virus in the vaccine has chemical complimentarity with the Epstein-Barr virus antigen in the vaccine recipient. The Epstein-Barr virus shows molecular mimicry with human myelin. The immunologic adjuvant is either present in the vaccine or muramyl peptides in the individual who is vaccinated. Why more than one type of autoimmune disease occurs is explained by the fact that specific autoimmune T-cells have been shown to develop clones that attack multiple human tissues.”
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17630224
“Universal hepatitis B vaccination was recommended for U.S. newborns in 1991; however, safety findings are mixed. The association between hepatitis B vaccination of male neonates and parental report of autism diagnosis was determined. Logistic regression was used to estimate the odds for autism diagnosis associated with neonatal hepatitis B vaccination among boys age 3-17 years, born before 1999, adjusted for race, maternal education, and two-parent household. Boys vaccinated as neonates had threefold greater odds for autism diagnosis compared to boys never vaccinated or vaccinated after the first month of life. Non-Hispanic white boys were 64% less likely to have autism diagnosis relative to nonwhite boys. Findings suggest that U.S. male neonates vaccinated with the hepatitis B vaccine prior to 1999 (from vaccination record) had a threefold higher risk for parental report of autism diagnosis compared to boys not vaccinated as neonates during that same time period. Nonwhite boys bore a greater risk.”
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21058170
“Vaccine-type rotavirus was detected in all 50 antigen-positive specimens and 8 of 8 antigen-negative specimens. Nine (75%) of 12 EIA-positive and 1 EIA-negative samples tested culture-positive for vaccine-type rotavirus. Fecal shedding of rotavirus vaccine virus after the first dose of RV5 occurred over a wide range of post-vaccination days not previously studied.”
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21477676
“The FluMist influenza vaccine strains replicate in the nasopharynx and can be recovered and cultured from respiratory secretions of vaccinated individuals (shed).
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2086313
“In summary, ethylene glycol monophenyl ether produced significant reproductive and developmental toxicity..Ethylene glycol monophenyl ether caused significant toxicity in growing animals, as evidenced by the reduced body weight in neonates in Tasks 2, 3, and 4, and the large increase in postnatal lethality as the animals grew to the age of mating.” (11)
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1470243/pdf/envhper00326-0221.pdf
“Neonatal female rats were injected ip (0.1 ml/rat) with Tween 80 in 1, 5 or 10% aqueous solution on days 4-7 after birth. Treatment with Tween 80 accelerated maturation, prolonged the oestrus cycle, and induced persistent vaginal oestrus. The relative weight of the uterus and ovaries was decreased relative to the untreated controls. Squamous cell metaplasia of the epithelial lining of the uterus and cytological changes in the uterus were indicative of chronic oestrogenic stimulation. Ovaries were without corpora lutea, and had degenerative follicles”
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8473002?dopt=Abstract
“Acquired autoimmunity syndromes occur after viral vaccinations. Molecular mimicry is involved in these phenomena as is the necessity for the presence of two chemically complimentary antigens and an immunologic adjuvant. The HLA pattern of the host is also an important factor. The example used to explain these phenomena is demyelinating disease that follows hepatitis B vaccination. The somatic antigen of the hepatitis B virus in the vaccine has chemical complimentarity with the Epstein-Barr virus antigen in the vaccine recipient. The Epstein-Barr virus shows molecular mimicry with human myelin. The immunologic adjuvant is either present in the vaccine or muramyl peptides in the individual who is vaccinated. Why more than one type of autoimmune disease occurs is explained by the fact that specific autoimmune T-cells have been shown to develop clones that attack multiple human tissues.”
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17630224
“Universal hepatitis B vaccination was recommended for U.S. newborns in 1991; however, safety findings are mixed. The association between hepatitis B vaccination of male neonates and parental report of autism diagnosis was determined. Logistic regression was used to estimate the odds for autism diagnosis associated with neonatal hepatitis B vaccination among boys age 3-17 years, born before 1999, adjusted for race, maternal education, and two-parent household. Boys vaccinated as neonates had threefold greater odds for autism diagnosis compared to boys never vaccinated or vaccinated after the first month of life. Non-Hispanic white boys were 64% less likely to have autism diagnosis relative to nonwhite boys. Findings suggest that U.S. male neonates vaccinated with the hepatitis B vaccine prior to 1999 (from vaccination record) had a threefold higher risk for parental report of autism diagnosis compared to boys not vaccinated as neonates during that same time period. Nonwhite boys bore a greater risk.”
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21058170
“Vaccine-type rotavirus was detected in all 50 antigen-positive specimens and 8 of 8 antigen-negative specimens. Nine (75%) of 12 EIA-positive and 1 EIA-negative samples tested culture-positive for vaccine-type rotavirus. Fecal shedding of rotavirus vaccine virus after the first dose of RV5 occurred over a wide range of post-vaccination days not previously studied.”
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21477676
“The FluMist influenza vaccine strains replicate in the nasopharynx and can be recovered and cultured from respiratory secretions of vaccinated individuals (shed).
PubMed
Assessment of ethylene glycol monobutyl and monophenyl ether reproductive toxicity using a continuous breeding protocol in Swiss…
A continuous breeding reproduction study design was utilized to examine the reproductive toxicity of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (EGBE) and ethylene glycol monophenyl ether (EGPE). Swiss CD-1 mice were administered EGBE in drinking water (0, 0.5, 1.0…
The pattern and duration of shedding is important to understand because with prolonged shedding at high titer there is a theoretical risk of loss of attenuated phenotype, reassortment with wild-type influenza virus during influenza season, and transmission of vaccine virus to unvaccinated people, some of whom may be immuno-compromised and/or at risk for complications of live viral infections. “ “additional shedding samples collected every 7 days … though some individuals shed vaccine strain virus as late as day 28”
www.fda.gov/downloads/BiologicsBloodVaccines/Vaccines/ApprovedProducts/UCM259175.pdf
“The RotaTeq vaccine contains five live, attenuated strains derived through laboratory reassortment of human rotavirus strains with a bovine rotavirus strain. Three RotaTeq strains each contain a single human rotavirus gene segment and ten bovine rotavirus segments, and two strains contain two human strain segments and nine bovine strain segments. In the study, RotaTeq was detected in 16 stool samples. Ten of these contained between one and four individual vaccine component strains. Six samples were found to contain a vaccine-derived G1P[8] (vdG1P[8]) strain. vdG1P[8] is believed to be the product of a genetic reassortment event in which the G1 gene segment of strain WI79-9 is inserted into strain WI79-4, as evidenced by the association of G1-VP7 and P[8]-VP4 human rotavirus genes with the M2-VP3 and I2-VP6 of the bovine rotavirus. Donato et al. observed that approximately a fifth of the infants having diarrhea within 2 weeks of rotavirus vaccination were shedding vaccine strain components exclusive of any detectable enteric pathogen.”
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23249230
FULL TEXT http://www.expert-reviews.com/doi/full/10.1586/erv.12.114
“Analysis of 36 individuals over age 60 years who were immunized with Zostavax revealed varicella zoster virus DNA in swabs of skin inoculation sites obtained immediately after immunization in 18 (50%) of 36 subjects and in saliva collected over 28 days in 21 (58%) of 36 subjects. Genotypic analysis of DNA extracted from 9 random saliva samples identified vaccine virus in ALL instances. In some immunized individuals over age 60, vaccine virus DNA is shed in saliva up to 4 weeks.”
Zostavax contains live attenuated VZV, and the package insert warns newly vaccinated individuals to avoid contact for an unspecified time with newborn infants, immunosuppressed individuals, and pregnant women who have not had chicken pox or have not been immunized for chicken pox. Because VZV DNA is present in saliva of zoster patients for at least 2 weeks [5] and VZV in saliva can also be infectious [6], we examined the inoculation site and saliva of Zostavax-vaccinated subjects for the presence of VZV DNA for 4 weeks after immunization”
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3096786/
“The US childhood immunization schedule requires 26 vaccine doses for infants aged less than 1 year, THE MOST IN THE WORLD, yet 33 nations have better Infant Mortality Rates (IMR). Using linear regression, the immunization schedules of these 34 nations were examined and a correlation coefficient of 0.70 (p < 0.0001) was found between IMRs and the number of vaccine doses routinely given to infants. When nations were grouped into five different vaccine dose ranges (12–14, 15–17, 18–20, 21–23, and 24–26), 98.3% of the total variance in IMR was explained by the unweighted linear regression model.
These findings demonstrate a counter-intuitive relationship:
nations that require more vaccine doses tend to have higher infant mortality rates.
Efforts to reduce the relatively high UNITED STATES INFANT MORTALITY RATE have been elusive. Finding ways to lower preterm birth rates should be a high priority. However, preventing premature births is just a partial solution to reduce infant deaths. A closer inspection of correlations between vaccine doses, biochemical or synergistic toxicity, and IMRs, is essential.
www.fda.gov/downloads/BiologicsBloodVaccines/Vaccines/ApprovedProducts/UCM259175.pdf
“The RotaTeq vaccine contains five live, attenuated strains derived through laboratory reassortment of human rotavirus strains with a bovine rotavirus strain. Three RotaTeq strains each contain a single human rotavirus gene segment and ten bovine rotavirus segments, and two strains contain two human strain segments and nine bovine strain segments. In the study, RotaTeq was detected in 16 stool samples. Ten of these contained between one and four individual vaccine component strains. Six samples were found to contain a vaccine-derived G1P[8] (vdG1P[8]) strain. vdG1P[8] is believed to be the product of a genetic reassortment event in which the G1 gene segment of strain WI79-9 is inserted into strain WI79-4, as evidenced by the association of G1-VP7 and P[8]-VP4 human rotavirus genes with the M2-VP3 and I2-VP6 of the bovine rotavirus. Donato et al. observed that approximately a fifth of the infants having diarrhea within 2 weeks of rotavirus vaccination were shedding vaccine strain components exclusive of any detectable enteric pathogen.”
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23249230
FULL TEXT http://www.expert-reviews.com/doi/full/10.1586/erv.12.114
“Analysis of 36 individuals over age 60 years who were immunized with Zostavax revealed varicella zoster virus DNA in swabs of skin inoculation sites obtained immediately after immunization in 18 (50%) of 36 subjects and in saliva collected over 28 days in 21 (58%) of 36 subjects. Genotypic analysis of DNA extracted from 9 random saliva samples identified vaccine virus in ALL instances. In some immunized individuals over age 60, vaccine virus DNA is shed in saliva up to 4 weeks.”
Zostavax contains live attenuated VZV, and the package insert warns newly vaccinated individuals to avoid contact for an unspecified time with newborn infants, immunosuppressed individuals, and pregnant women who have not had chicken pox or have not been immunized for chicken pox. Because VZV DNA is present in saliva of zoster patients for at least 2 weeks [5] and VZV in saliva can also be infectious [6], we examined the inoculation site and saliva of Zostavax-vaccinated subjects for the presence of VZV DNA for 4 weeks after immunization”
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3096786/
“The US childhood immunization schedule requires 26 vaccine doses for infants aged less than 1 year, THE MOST IN THE WORLD, yet 33 nations have better Infant Mortality Rates (IMR). Using linear regression, the immunization schedules of these 34 nations were examined and a correlation coefficient of 0.70 (p < 0.0001) was found between IMRs and the number of vaccine doses routinely given to infants. When nations were grouped into five different vaccine dose ranges (12–14, 15–17, 18–20, 21–23, and 24–26), 98.3% of the total variance in IMR was explained by the unweighted linear regression model.
These findings demonstrate a counter-intuitive relationship:
nations that require more vaccine doses tend to have higher infant mortality rates.
Efforts to reduce the relatively high UNITED STATES INFANT MORTALITY RATE have been elusive. Finding ways to lower preterm birth rates should be a high priority. However, preventing premature births is just a partial solution to reduce infant deaths. A closer inspection of correlations between vaccine doses, biochemical or synergistic toxicity, and IMRs, is essential.
All nations—rich and poor, advanced and developing—have an obligation to determine whether their immunization schedules are achieving their desired goals.”
http://het.sagepub.com/content/early/2011/05/04/0960327111407644.full.pdf+
“Repeated immunization with antigen causes systemic autoimmunity in mice otherwise not prone to spontaneous autoimmune diseases. Overstimulation of CD4+ T cells led to the development of autoantibody-inducing CD4+ T (aiCD4+ T) cell which had undergone T cell receptor (TCR) revision and was capable of inducing autoantibodies.” “Systemic autoimmunity appears to be the inevitable consequence of over-stimulating the host’s immune ‘system’ by repeated immunization with antigen, to the levels that surpass system’s self-organized criticality.”
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2795160/
“Vaccine-type rotavirus was detected in all 50 antigen-positive specimens and 8 of 8 antigen-negative specimens. Nine (75%) of 12 EIA-positive and 1 EIA-negative samples tested culture-positive for vaccine-type rotavirus. Fecal shedding of rotavirus vaccine virus after the first dose of RV5 occurred over a wide range of post-vaccination days not previously studied.”
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21477676
“ Effectiveness of trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine in influenza-related hospitalization in children: a case-control study.”
“Using the Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test for asthma status stratification, there was a significant association between hospitalization in asthmatic subjects and TIV (p = 0.001). TIV did not provide any protection against hospitalization in pediatric subjects, especially children with asthma. On the contrary, we found a threefold increased risk of hospitalization in subjects who did get the TIV vaccine. This may be a reflection not only of vaccine effectiveness but also the population of children who are more likely to get the vaccine.” Allergy Asthma Proc. 2012 Mar-Apr;33(2):e23-7.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22525386
“There are significantly elevated risks of primarily emergency room visits approximately one to two weeks following 12 and 18 month vaccination. Future studies should examine whether these events could be predicted or prevented.”
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3236196/
Administration of thimerosal to infant rats increases overflow of glutamate and aspartate in the prefrontal cortex: protective role of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22015977
“Our data suggests that the current schedule of acellular pertussis vaccine doses is insufficient to prevent outbreaks of pertussis.”
http://cid.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2012/03/13/cid.cis287.short
“Our unvaccinated and under-vaccinated population did not appear to contribute significantly to the increased rate of clinical pertussis. Surprisingly, the highest incidence of disease was among previously vaccinated children in the eight to twelve year age group.”
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22423127
“In some cases the cell lines (aborted babycells) that are used might be tumorigenic, that is, they form tumors when injected into rodents. Some of these tumor-forming cell lines may contain cancer-causing viruses that are not actively reproducing. Such viruses are hard to detect using standard methods. These latent, or “quiet,” viruses pose a potential threat, since they might become active under vaccine manufacturing conditions.”
Xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus (XMRV) is a recently discovered human retrovirus that has been found in both chronic fatigue syndrome & prostate cancer patients. There is a potential safety concern regarding XMRV in cell substrates used in vaccines
http://www.fda.gov/biologicsbloodvaccines/scienceresearch/biologicsresearchareas/ucm127327.htm
http://het.sagepub.com/content/early/2011/05/04/0960327111407644.full.pdf+
“Repeated immunization with antigen causes systemic autoimmunity in mice otherwise not prone to spontaneous autoimmune diseases. Overstimulation of CD4+ T cells led to the development of autoantibody-inducing CD4+ T (aiCD4+ T) cell which had undergone T cell receptor (TCR) revision and was capable of inducing autoantibodies.” “Systemic autoimmunity appears to be the inevitable consequence of over-stimulating the host’s immune ‘system’ by repeated immunization with antigen, to the levels that surpass system’s self-organized criticality.”
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2795160/
“Vaccine-type rotavirus was detected in all 50 antigen-positive specimens and 8 of 8 antigen-negative specimens. Nine (75%) of 12 EIA-positive and 1 EIA-negative samples tested culture-positive for vaccine-type rotavirus. Fecal shedding of rotavirus vaccine virus after the first dose of RV5 occurred over a wide range of post-vaccination days not previously studied.”
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21477676
“ Effectiveness of trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine in influenza-related hospitalization in children: a case-control study.”
“Using the Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test for asthma status stratification, there was a significant association between hospitalization in asthmatic subjects and TIV (p = 0.001). TIV did not provide any protection against hospitalization in pediatric subjects, especially children with asthma. On the contrary, we found a threefold increased risk of hospitalization in subjects who did get the TIV vaccine. This may be a reflection not only of vaccine effectiveness but also the population of children who are more likely to get the vaccine.” Allergy Asthma Proc. 2012 Mar-Apr;33(2):e23-7.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22525386
“There are significantly elevated risks of primarily emergency room visits approximately one to two weeks following 12 and 18 month vaccination. Future studies should examine whether these events could be predicted or prevented.”
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3236196/
Administration of thimerosal to infant rats increases overflow of glutamate and aspartate in the prefrontal cortex: protective role of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22015977
“Our data suggests that the current schedule of acellular pertussis vaccine doses is insufficient to prevent outbreaks of pertussis.”
http://cid.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2012/03/13/cid.cis287.short
“Our unvaccinated and under-vaccinated population did not appear to contribute significantly to the increased rate of clinical pertussis. Surprisingly, the highest incidence of disease was among previously vaccinated children in the eight to twelve year age group.”
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22423127
“In some cases the cell lines (aborted babycells) that are used might be tumorigenic, that is, they form tumors when injected into rodents. Some of these tumor-forming cell lines may contain cancer-causing viruses that are not actively reproducing. Such viruses are hard to detect using standard methods. These latent, or “quiet,” viruses pose a potential threat, since they might become active under vaccine manufacturing conditions.”
Xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus (XMRV) is a recently discovered human retrovirus that has been found in both chronic fatigue syndrome & prostate cancer patients. There is a potential safety concern regarding XMRV in cell substrates used in vaccines
http://www.fda.gov/biologicsbloodvaccines/scienceresearch/biologicsresearchareas/ucm127327.htm
“Unvaccinated children tended to be white, to have a mother who was married and had a college degree, to live in a household with an annual income exceeding $75,000 dollars, and to have parents who expressed concerns regarding the safety of vaccines and indicated that medical doctors have little influence over vaccination decisions for their children.”
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15231927
“Although persons often use vaccination and immunization interchangeably in reference to active immunization (VACCINES), the terms are not synonomous because the administration of an immunobiologic cannot be automatically equated with the development of adequate immunity.”
http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/PDF/rr/rr4301.pdf
“Hib immunization contributed to an increased risk for H. influenzae type a meningitis through selection of circulating H. influenzae type a clones. the incidence for H. influenzae type a meningitis increased 8-fold”
http://jid.oxfordjournals.org/content/187/1/109.full.pdf+html
“Virus-induced autoimmunity may play a causal role in autism. To examine the etiologic link of viruses in this brain disorder, we conducted a serologic study of measles virus, mumps virus, and rubella virus. Viral antibodies were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in the serum of autistic children, normal children, and siblings of autistic children. The level of measles antibody, but not mumps or rubella antibodies, was significantly higher in autistic children as compared with normal children (P = 0.003) or siblings of autistic children (P <or= 0.0001). Furthermore, immunoblotting of measles vaccine virus revealed that the antibody was directed against a protein of approximately 74 kd molecular weight. The antibody to this antigen was found in 83% of autistic children but not in normal children or siblings of autistic children. Thus autistic children have a hyperimmune response to measles virus, which in the absence of a wild type of measles infection might be a sign of an abnormal immune reaction to the vaccine strain or virus reactivation.”
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12849883
“Our findings show a positive correlation between the number of vaccine doses administered and the percentage of hospitalizations and deaths. Since vaccines are given to millions of infants annually, it is imperative that health authorities have scientific data from synergistic toxicity studies on all combinations of vaccines that infants might receive. ”
http://het.sagepub.com/content/31/10/1012.abstract?maxtoshow&HITS=10&hits=10&RESULTFORMAT&fulltext=vaccine+&andorexactfulltext=and&searchid=1&FIRSTINDEX=10&resourcetype=HWCIT
Maternal transfer of mercury to the developing embryo/fetus: is there a safe level?
“This study focused on standardized embryonic and fetal Hg exposures via primary exposure to the pregnant mother of two common Hg sources (dietary fish and parenteral vaccines). Data demonstrated that Hg exposures, particularly during the first trimester of pregnancy, at well-established dose/weight ratios produced severe damage to humans including death. ” Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry Vol 94 2012
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/02772248.2012.724574
“reporting bias was too low to explain the magnitude increase in fetal-demise reporting rates in the VAERS database relative to the reported annual trends. Thus, a synergistic fetal toxicity likely resulted from the administration of both the pandemic (A-H1N1) and seasonal influenza vaccines during the 2009/2010 season.”
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23023030
“Hepatitis B vaccine might be followed by various rheumatic conditions and might trigger the onset of underlying inflammatory or autoimmune rheumatic diseases. ”
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10534549
“Autoimmunity to the central nervous system (CNS), especially to myelin basic protein (MBP), may play a causal role in autism, a neurodevelopmental disorder.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15231927
“Although persons often use vaccination and immunization interchangeably in reference to active immunization (VACCINES), the terms are not synonomous because the administration of an immunobiologic cannot be automatically equated with the development of adequate immunity.”
http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/PDF/rr/rr4301.pdf
“Hib immunization contributed to an increased risk for H. influenzae type a meningitis through selection of circulating H. influenzae type a clones. the incidence for H. influenzae type a meningitis increased 8-fold”
http://jid.oxfordjournals.org/content/187/1/109.full.pdf+html
“Virus-induced autoimmunity may play a causal role in autism. To examine the etiologic link of viruses in this brain disorder, we conducted a serologic study of measles virus, mumps virus, and rubella virus. Viral antibodies were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in the serum of autistic children, normal children, and siblings of autistic children. The level of measles antibody, but not mumps or rubella antibodies, was significantly higher in autistic children as compared with normal children (P = 0.003) or siblings of autistic children (P <or= 0.0001). Furthermore, immunoblotting of measles vaccine virus revealed that the antibody was directed against a protein of approximately 74 kd molecular weight. The antibody to this antigen was found in 83% of autistic children but not in normal children or siblings of autistic children. Thus autistic children have a hyperimmune response to measles virus, which in the absence of a wild type of measles infection might be a sign of an abnormal immune reaction to the vaccine strain or virus reactivation.”
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12849883
“Our findings show a positive correlation between the number of vaccine doses administered and the percentage of hospitalizations and deaths. Since vaccines are given to millions of infants annually, it is imperative that health authorities have scientific data from synergistic toxicity studies on all combinations of vaccines that infants might receive. ”
http://het.sagepub.com/content/31/10/1012.abstract?maxtoshow&HITS=10&hits=10&RESULTFORMAT&fulltext=vaccine+&andorexactfulltext=and&searchid=1&FIRSTINDEX=10&resourcetype=HWCIT
Maternal transfer of mercury to the developing embryo/fetus: is there a safe level?
“This study focused on standardized embryonic and fetal Hg exposures via primary exposure to the pregnant mother of two common Hg sources (dietary fish and parenteral vaccines). Data demonstrated that Hg exposures, particularly during the first trimester of pregnancy, at well-established dose/weight ratios produced severe damage to humans including death. ” Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry Vol 94 2012
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/02772248.2012.724574
“reporting bias was too low to explain the magnitude increase in fetal-demise reporting rates in the VAERS database relative to the reported annual trends. Thus, a synergistic fetal toxicity likely resulted from the administration of both the pandemic (A-H1N1) and seasonal influenza vaccines during the 2009/2010 season.”
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23023030
“Hepatitis B vaccine might be followed by various rheumatic conditions and might trigger the onset of underlying inflammatory or autoimmune rheumatic diseases. ”
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10534549
“Autoimmunity to the central nervous system (CNS), especially to myelin basic protein (MBP), may play a causal role in autism, a neurodevelopmental disorder.
PubMed
Children who have received no vaccines: who are they and where do they live? - PubMed
Unvaccinated children have characteristics that are distinctly different from those of undervaccinated children. Unvaccinated children are clustered geographically, increasing the risk of transmitting vaccine-preventable diseases to both unvaccinated and…
Because many autistic children harbor elevated levels of measles antibodies, we conducted a serological study of measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) and MBP autoantibodies. Using serum samples of 125 autistic children and 92 control children, antibodies were assayed by ELISA or immunoblotting methods. ELISA analysis showed a significant increase in the level of MMR antibodies in autistic children. Immunoblotting analysis revealed the presence of an unusual MMR antibody in 75 of 125 (60%) autistic sera but not in control sera. This antibody specifically detected a protein of 73-75 kD of MMR. This protein band, as analyzed with monoclonal anti bodies, was immunopositive for measles hemagglutinin (HA) protein but not for measles nucleoprotein and rubella or mumps viral proteins. Thus the MMR antibody in autistic sera detected measles HA protein, which is unique to the measles subunit of the vaccine. Furthermore, over 90% of MMR antibody-positive autistic sera were also positive for MBP autoantibodies, suggesting a strong association between MMR and CNS autoimmunity in autism. Stemming from this evidence, we suggest that an inappropriate antibody response to MMR, specifically the measles component thereof, might be related to pathogenesis of autism.”
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12145534
Conclusions: Children vaccinated in infancy are at increased risk of hepatitis B virus infection in the late teens. The risk of chronic carriage after sexual exposure needs further assessment to determine if booster vaccines are necessary.
http://www.bmj.com/content/325/7364/569
Abstract
A traditional infectious disease vaccine is a preparation of live attenuated, inactivated or killed pathogen that stimulates immunity. Vaccine immunologic adjuvants are compounds incorporated into vaccines to enhance immunogenicity. Adjuvants have recently been implicated in the new syndrome named ASIA autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants. The objective describes the frequencies of post-vaccination clinical syndrome induced by adjuvants. We performed a cross-sectional study; adverse event following immunization was defined as any untoward medical occurrence that follows immunization 54 days prior to the event. Data on vaccinations and other risk factors were obtained from daily epidemiologic surveillance. Descriptive statistics were done using means and standard deviation, and odds ratio adjusted for potential confounding variables was calculated with SPSS 17 software. Forty-three out of 120 patients with moderate or severe manifestations following immunization were hospitalized from 2008 to 2011. All patients fulfilled at least 2 major and 1 minor criteria suggested by Shoenfeld and Agmon-Levin for ASIA diagnosis. The most frequent clinical findings were pyrexia 68 %, arthralgias 47 %, cutaneous disorders 33 %, muscle weakness 16 % and myalgias 14 %. Three patients had diagnosis of Guillain-Barre syndrome, one patient had Adult-Still’s disease 3 days after vaccination. A total of 76 % of the events occurred in the first 3 days post-vaccination. Two patients with previous autoimmune disease showed severe adverse reactions with the reactivation of their illness. Minor local reactions were present in 49 % of patients. Vaccines containing adjuvants may be associated with an increased risk of autoimmune/inflammatory adverse events following immunization
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23576057
Autoimmunity following hepatitis B vaccine as part of the spectrum of ‘Autoimmune (Auto-inflammatory) Syndrome induced by Adjuvants’ (ASIA): analysis of 93 cases.
OBJECTIVES:
In this study we analyzed the clinical and demographic manifestations among patients diagnosed with immune/autoimmune-mediated diseases post-hepatitis B vaccination. We aimed to find common denominators for all patients, regardless of different diagnosed diseases, as well as the correlation to the criteria of Autoimmune (Auto-inflammatory) Syndrome induced by Adjuvants (ASIA).
PATIENTS AND METHODS:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12145534
Conclusions: Children vaccinated in infancy are at increased risk of hepatitis B virus infection in the late teens. The risk of chronic carriage after sexual exposure needs further assessment to determine if booster vaccines are necessary.
http://www.bmj.com/content/325/7364/569
Abstract
A traditional infectious disease vaccine is a preparation of live attenuated, inactivated or killed pathogen that stimulates immunity. Vaccine immunologic adjuvants are compounds incorporated into vaccines to enhance immunogenicity. Adjuvants have recently been implicated in the new syndrome named ASIA autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants. The objective describes the frequencies of post-vaccination clinical syndrome induced by adjuvants. We performed a cross-sectional study; adverse event following immunization was defined as any untoward medical occurrence that follows immunization 54 days prior to the event. Data on vaccinations and other risk factors were obtained from daily epidemiologic surveillance. Descriptive statistics were done using means and standard deviation, and odds ratio adjusted for potential confounding variables was calculated with SPSS 17 software. Forty-three out of 120 patients with moderate or severe manifestations following immunization were hospitalized from 2008 to 2011. All patients fulfilled at least 2 major and 1 minor criteria suggested by Shoenfeld and Agmon-Levin for ASIA diagnosis. The most frequent clinical findings were pyrexia 68 %, arthralgias 47 %, cutaneous disorders 33 %, muscle weakness 16 % and myalgias 14 %. Three patients had diagnosis of Guillain-Barre syndrome, one patient had Adult-Still’s disease 3 days after vaccination. A total of 76 % of the events occurred in the first 3 days post-vaccination. Two patients with previous autoimmune disease showed severe adverse reactions with the reactivation of their illness. Minor local reactions were present in 49 % of patients. Vaccines containing adjuvants may be associated with an increased risk of autoimmune/inflammatory adverse events following immunization
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23576057
Autoimmunity following hepatitis B vaccine as part of the spectrum of ‘Autoimmune (Auto-inflammatory) Syndrome induced by Adjuvants’ (ASIA): analysis of 93 cases.
OBJECTIVES:
In this study we analyzed the clinical and demographic manifestations among patients diagnosed with immune/autoimmune-mediated diseases post-hepatitis B vaccination. We aimed to find common denominators for all patients, regardless of different diagnosed diseases, as well as the correlation to the criteria of Autoimmune (Auto-inflammatory) Syndrome induced by Adjuvants (ASIA).
PATIENTS AND METHODS:
PubMed
Abnormal measles-mumps-rubella antibodies and CNS autoimmunity in children with autism - PubMed
Autoimmunity to the central nervous system (CNS), especially to myelin basic protein (MBP), may play a causal role in autism, a neurodevelopmental disorder. Because many autistic children harbor elevated levels of measles antibodies, we conducted a serological…
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We have retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 114 patients, from different centers in the USA, diagnosed with immune-mediated diseases following immunization with hepatitis-B vaccine (HBVv). All patients in this cohort sought legal consultation. Of these, 93/114 patients diagnosed with disease before applying for legal consultation were included in the study. All medical records were evaluated for demographics, medical history, number of vaccine doses, peri-immunization adverse events and clinical manifestations of diseases. In addition, available blood tests, imaging results, treatments and outcomes were recorded. Signs and symptoms of the different immune-mediated diseases were grouped according to the organ or system involved. ASIA criteria were applied to all patients.
RESULTS:
The mean age of 93 patients was 26.5 ± 15 years; 69.2% were female and 21% were considered autoimmune susceptible. The mean latency period from the last dose of HBVv and onset of symptoms was 43.2 days. Of note, 47% of patients continued with the immunization program despite experiencing adverse events. Manifestations that were commonly reported included neuro-psychiatric (70%), fatigue (42%) mucocutaneous (30%), musculoskeletal (59%) and gastrointestinal (50%) complaints. Elevated titers of autoantibodies were documented in 80% of sera tested. In this cohort 80/93 patients (86%), comprising 57/59 (96%) adults and 23/34 (68%) children, fulfilled the required criteria for ASIA.
CONCLUSIONS:
Common clinical characteristics were observed among 93 patients diagnosed with immune-mediated conditions post-HBVv, suggesting a common denominator in these diseases. In addition, risk factors such as history of autoimmune diseases and the appearance of adverse event(s) during immunization may serve to predict the risk of post-immunization diseases. The ASIA criteria were found to be very useful among adults with post-vaccination events. The application of the ASIA criteria to pediatric populations requires further study.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22235045
vaccination may be associated with autoimmune disease (title of article press link to read)
http://www.feingold.org/Research/PDFstudies/Tishler2004-open.pdf
Antigen-presenting Cell Activation: a Link Between Infection and Autoimmunity?
The onset of autoimmune diseases such as type I diabetes and multiple sclerosis is often thought to be associated with infection. This has led to studies of molecular mimicry between infectious agents and the self-antigens associated with autoimmunity. Despite many claims, however, a single causative infectious agent for autoimmunity has not been found. An alternative possibility is that many infectious agents are capable of non-specifically enhancing the likelihood of an autoimmune attack. Here we show how infectious agents may activate antigen-presenting cells leading to the activation of autoreactive T cells by otherwise innocuous antigens. The mechanism of activation involves upregulation of co-stimulatory molecules on the antigen-presenting cell resulting in a lowering of the threshold required for activation. These results help explain how diverse infectious agents could cause autoimmune disease in susceptible individuals.
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0896841100904980
Pemphigus is an autoimmune blistering disease caused by autoantibodies against epithelial intercellular components. Its etiology is unknown, and neoplasms, antecedent infections or medications are considered possible triggering factors for the disease in some cases. We describe the first case of pemphigus following a hepatitis B virus vaccination. We suggest that in some cases vaccination may be the triggering factor for pemphigus in genetically predisposed individuals and physicians should be aware of this possible association.
Read More: http://informahealthcare.com/doi/abs/10.1080/08916930400027078
Discussion
There is increasing evidence that GBS
is an autoimmune disease. Various autoantibodies
to gangliosides were described
in GBS patients (4,5), and T
RESULTS:
The mean age of 93 patients was 26.5 ± 15 years; 69.2% were female and 21% were considered autoimmune susceptible. The mean latency period from the last dose of HBVv and onset of symptoms was 43.2 days. Of note, 47% of patients continued with the immunization program despite experiencing adverse events. Manifestations that were commonly reported included neuro-psychiatric (70%), fatigue (42%) mucocutaneous (30%), musculoskeletal (59%) and gastrointestinal (50%) complaints. Elevated titers of autoantibodies were documented in 80% of sera tested. In this cohort 80/93 patients (86%), comprising 57/59 (96%) adults and 23/34 (68%) children, fulfilled the required criteria for ASIA.
CONCLUSIONS:
Common clinical characteristics were observed among 93 patients diagnosed with immune-mediated conditions post-HBVv, suggesting a common denominator in these diseases. In addition, risk factors such as history of autoimmune diseases and the appearance of adverse event(s) during immunization may serve to predict the risk of post-immunization diseases. The ASIA criteria were found to be very useful among adults with post-vaccination events. The application of the ASIA criteria to pediatric populations requires further study.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22235045
vaccination may be associated with autoimmune disease (title of article press link to read)
http://www.feingold.org/Research/PDFstudies/Tishler2004-open.pdf
Antigen-presenting Cell Activation: a Link Between Infection and Autoimmunity?
The onset of autoimmune diseases such as type I diabetes and multiple sclerosis is often thought to be associated with infection. This has led to studies of molecular mimicry between infectious agents and the self-antigens associated with autoimmunity. Despite many claims, however, a single causative infectious agent for autoimmunity has not been found. An alternative possibility is that many infectious agents are capable of non-specifically enhancing the likelihood of an autoimmune attack. Here we show how infectious agents may activate antigen-presenting cells leading to the activation of autoreactive T cells by otherwise innocuous antigens. The mechanism of activation involves upregulation of co-stimulatory molecules on the antigen-presenting cell resulting in a lowering of the threshold required for activation. These results help explain how diverse infectious agents could cause autoimmune disease in susceptible individuals.
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0896841100904980
Pemphigus is an autoimmune blistering disease caused by autoantibodies against epithelial intercellular components. Its etiology is unknown, and neoplasms, antecedent infections or medications are considered possible triggering factors for the disease in some cases. We describe the first case of pemphigus following a hepatitis B virus vaccination. We suggest that in some cases vaccination may be the triggering factor for pemphigus in genetically predisposed individuals and physicians should be aware of this possible association.
Read More: http://informahealthcare.com/doi/abs/10.1080/08916930400027078
Discussion
There is increasing evidence that GBS
is an autoimmune disease. Various autoantibodies
to gangliosides were described
in GBS patients (4,5), and T
PubMed
Autoimmunity following hepatitis B vaccine as part of the spectrum of 'Autoimmune (Auto-inflammatory) Syndrome induced by Adjuvants'…
Common clinical characteristics were observed among 93 patients diagnosed with immune-mediated conditions post-HBVv, suggesting a common denominator in these diseases. In addition, risk factors such as history of autoimmune diseases and the appearance of…
👍2
cells with cross-reactivity to nervesheath
components (4). The disease is
related in most cases to respiratory or
gastrointestinal infections and vaccines,
resulting in demyelination or axonal
degeneration (2). The target of the
immune attack differs with the clinical
subtypes of GBS (3). Rarely is GBS
related to Hodgkin’s lymphoma (6) or
autoimmune disease such as systemic
lupus erythematosus (7).
Infection with the following microorganisms
can cause GBS: Campylobac –
ter jejuni, in 25-41% of GBS patients,
Epstein-Barr virus, cytomegalovirus
(2), HIV infection, Mycoplasma pneu –
moniae, shigella, clostridium (8), and
Haemophilus influenzae (9).
Vaccines reportedly related to the appearance
of GBS include influenza,
tetanus toxoid, BCG, rabies, smallpox,
mumps, rubella, oral poliovirus vaccine,
hepatitis B vaccines, either plasma-
derived or recombinant vaccine and
diphtheria vaccine (10). The influenza
vaccine in 1976 (“swine flue” or New
Jersey 76) caused a 4- to 8-fold increase
in the rate of GBS occurring 6-8
weeks after vaccination (11,12). Subsequent
studies of influenza-vaccinated
patients showed no increase in the GBS
rate (13).
In a review of the English literature another
19 cases of hepatitis B vaccination
were reported to precede the symptoms
of GBS (14-22) (Table I). T h e
plasma-derived hepatitis B vaccine
became commercially available in June
1982. Shaw et al. (15) documented the
first 3 years of postmarketing surveillance
for neurologic adverse events after
vaccination among 850,000 persons,
mostly health workers, who received
the HBV vaccine. Nine cases of
GBS were reported up to 7 weeks after vaccination. One case was reported as
atypical and 5 cases were compatible
with a viral infection before the appearance
of the neurological symptoms.
GBS was reported as occurring significantly
more often then expected when
compared with the Center of Disease
Control GBS background rate (11), but
not when compared with the Olmsted
County rate (23). The authors calculated
that, taking into account age, sex
and under-reporting, the rate of GBS
was slightly higher in the vaccinated
group, but concluded that no definite
epidemiologic association could be
made.
Mcmahon et al. (17) determined the incidence
of adverse reactions from the
plasma-derived hepatitis B vaccine in
Alaska. Out of 43,618 subjects who
received 101,360 injections, 2 patients
developed GBS 3 and 9 months after
the last injection. Their conclusion was
that the vaccine was safe and that the
incidence of GBS was not increased.
The authors claimed that the adverse
events caused by the plasma-derived
HBV vaccine are due to the preservative
material thimerosal, a mercurial
compound that was found to be neurotoxic
and is not included in the HBV
vaccines since 1999 and to aluminium
hydroxide, used as an adjuvant. Both
compounds were also used in the recombinant
vaccine.
In addition to our patient, 8 case reports
of GBS after hepatitis B vaccine have
been reported (14,16,18-22), 3 of them
after receiving the yeast derived recombinant
DNA hepatitis B vaccine.
One of the patients died after a multiorgan
failure, septic shock and adult respiratory
distress syndrome. A n e u r opathologic
examination revealed an inflammatory
cell infiltrate in the gray
matter especially in the anterior horn of
the spinal cord, and small foci of macrophages
in the long tracts. Most of
the cells appeared around blood vessels,
but were also found in the parenchyma,
close to nerve cells (21).
The pathogenesis of hepatitis B vaccine
associated with GBS is not clear.
The following mechanisms are suggested:
1 ) Molecular mimicry: As in other autoimmune
disorders appearing after
vaccination, molecular mimicry is
suspected. Hepatitis B surface protein
may provoke an autoimmune
attack on a similar protein present in
the nerve cells. In molecular mimicry
involving T lymphocytes these
cells recognize their antigen as peptide-
bound to MHC molecule. The
microbial antigen has the same
shape as a self antigenic epitope
bound to the same MHC molecule.
The DNA sequence of HBV w a s
components (4). The disease is
related in most cases to respiratory or
gastrointestinal infections and vaccines,
resulting in demyelination or axonal
degeneration (2). The target of the
immune attack differs with the clinical
subtypes of GBS (3). Rarely is GBS
related to Hodgkin’s lymphoma (6) or
autoimmune disease such as systemic
lupus erythematosus (7).
Infection with the following microorganisms
can cause GBS: Campylobac –
ter jejuni, in 25-41% of GBS patients,
Epstein-Barr virus, cytomegalovirus
(2), HIV infection, Mycoplasma pneu –
moniae, shigella, clostridium (8), and
Haemophilus influenzae (9).
Vaccines reportedly related to the appearance
of GBS include influenza,
tetanus toxoid, BCG, rabies, smallpox,
mumps, rubella, oral poliovirus vaccine,
hepatitis B vaccines, either plasma-
derived or recombinant vaccine and
diphtheria vaccine (10). The influenza
vaccine in 1976 (“swine flue” or New
Jersey 76) caused a 4- to 8-fold increase
in the rate of GBS occurring 6-8
weeks after vaccination (11,12). Subsequent
studies of influenza-vaccinated
patients showed no increase in the GBS
rate (13).
In a review of the English literature another
19 cases of hepatitis B vaccination
were reported to precede the symptoms
of GBS (14-22) (Table I). T h e
plasma-derived hepatitis B vaccine
became commercially available in June
1982. Shaw et al. (15) documented the
first 3 years of postmarketing surveillance
for neurologic adverse events after
vaccination among 850,000 persons,
mostly health workers, who received
the HBV vaccine. Nine cases of
GBS were reported up to 7 weeks after vaccination. One case was reported as
atypical and 5 cases were compatible
with a viral infection before the appearance
of the neurological symptoms.
GBS was reported as occurring significantly
more often then expected when
compared with the Center of Disease
Control GBS background rate (11), but
not when compared with the Olmsted
County rate (23). The authors calculated
that, taking into account age, sex
and under-reporting, the rate of GBS
was slightly higher in the vaccinated
group, but concluded that no definite
epidemiologic association could be
made.
Mcmahon et al. (17) determined the incidence
of adverse reactions from the
plasma-derived hepatitis B vaccine in
Alaska. Out of 43,618 subjects who
received 101,360 injections, 2 patients
developed GBS 3 and 9 months after
the last injection. Their conclusion was
that the vaccine was safe and that the
incidence of GBS was not increased.
The authors claimed that the adverse
events caused by the plasma-derived
HBV vaccine are due to the preservative
material thimerosal, a mercurial
compound that was found to be neurotoxic
and is not included in the HBV
vaccines since 1999 and to aluminium
hydroxide, used as an adjuvant. Both
compounds were also used in the recombinant
vaccine.
In addition to our patient, 8 case reports
of GBS after hepatitis B vaccine have
been reported (14,16,18-22), 3 of them
after receiving the yeast derived recombinant
DNA hepatitis B vaccine.
One of the patients died after a multiorgan
failure, septic shock and adult respiratory
distress syndrome. A n e u r opathologic
examination revealed an inflammatory
cell infiltrate in the gray
matter especially in the anterior horn of
the spinal cord, and small foci of macrophages
in the long tracts. Most of
the cells appeared around blood vessels,
but were also found in the parenchyma,
close to nerve cells (21).
The pathogenesis of hepatitis B vaccine
associated with GBS is not clear.
The following mechanisms are suggested:
1 ) Molecular mimicry: As in other autoimmune
disorders appearing after
vaccination, molecular mimicry is
suspected. Hepatitis B surface protein
may provoke an autoimmune
attack on a similar protein present in
the nerve cells. In molecular mimicry
involving T lymphocytes these
cells recognize their antigen as peptide-
bound to MHC molecule. The
microbial antigen has the same
shape as a self antigenic epitope
bound to the same MHC molecule.
The DNA sequence of HBV w a s
👍1
found to be homologous to myelin
basic protein (23).
2) Another coincidental infection:
Most of the vaccine recipients are at
high risk for infection with EBV,
C M V and HTLV 3, that also can
cause demyelinating disease (18).
3) Immune complex disease: Five cases
of GBS have been reported in patients
suffering from infection with
HBV. In the acute phase of GBS, immune
complexes containing hepatitis
B surface antigen were found in
the serum and cerebrospinal fluid,
but not in the sural nerve. Those immune
complexes were not present
when the hepatitis was first detected,
but only after the appearance of
neurological symptoms, and disappeared
when the inflammatory phase
of the disease had ended (24, 25).
Immune complexes without a known
antigen were found in other cases of
GBS in various organs. The immune
complexes can transfer through the
blood-nerve barrier and may be deposited
in the endonerium and injure nerve
fibers (25). Treatment with plasmapheresis
or IVIG may eliminate those
immune complexes.
R e c e n t l y, the presence of glycolipid
(ganglioside) specific antibodies has
been found to be associated with neurological
disease, in particular with
GBS. The pathogenic potential of these
antibodies has remained unclear. Several
mechanisms by which anti-ganglioside
antibodies may exert their
potential pathogenic effect have been
proposed. Direct binding of anti-ganglioside
antibodies to axon or Schwann
cells might disturb ion fluxes and cause
partial nerve conduction block (26).
Naturally occurring antibodies crossre –
acting with gangliosides may become
pathogenic after affinity maturation
and class switching initiated by preceding
infection.
The hepatitis B vaccine has been used
routinely for almost 20 years. Most of
the side effects are local or transient
minor reactions. The rate of the adverse
events is 1 in 15,500 doses. Major reactions
are rare and include variable autoimmune
phenomena: erythema nodosum,
lichen planus, acute urticaria, polyarthritis,
including rheumatoid arthritis
and reactive arthritis, vasculitis, glomerulonephritis,
Evan’s syndrome and
thrombocytopenic purpura.
Neurological complications include
acute cerebellar ataxia and autoimmune
demyelinating disorders including
multiple sclerosis, transverse myelitis
and GBS (27). These reactions are
sporadic and there is no clear evidence
that the rate of GBS or multiple sclerosis
is more common among the vaccinated
population.
Hepatitis B vaccine is important and,
according to the available data, the prevention
of hepatitis B outweighs the
rare incidence of diseases reported after
vaccination. Further animal studies
and evaluation of the risk factors for these adverse effects are indicated.
http://www.clinexprheumatol.org/article.asp?a=2492
Guillain-Barre Syndrome after Vaccination in United States: Data From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/Food and Drug Administration Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (1990-2005)
Methods: We used data for 1990 to 2005 from the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System, which is a cooperative program of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the US Food and Drug Administration.
Results: There were 1000 cases (mean age, 47 years) of GBS reported after vaccination in the United States between 1990 and 2005. The onset of GBS was within 6 weeks in 774 cases, >6 weeks in 101, and unknown in 125. Death and disability after the event occurred in 32 (3.2%) and 167 (16.7%) subjects, respectively. The highest number (n = 632) of GBS cases was observed in subjects receiving influenza vaccine followed by hepatitis B vaccine (n = 94). Other vaccines or combinations of vaccines were associated with 274 cases of GBS. The incidence of GBS after influenza vaccination was marginally higher in subjects <65 years compared with those ≥65 years (P = 0.09); for hepatitis vaccine, the incidence was significantly higher (P < 0.0001) in the <65 group. Death was more frequent in subjects ≥65 years compared with those <65 years (P < 0.0001).
basic protein (23).
2) Another coincidental infection:
Most of the vaccine recipients are at
high risk for infection with EBV,
C M V and HTLV 3, that also can
cause demyelinating disease (18).
3) Immune complex disease: Five cases
of GBS have been reported in patients
suffering from infection with
HBV. In the acute phase of GBS, immune
complexes containing hepatitis
B surface antigen were found in
the serum and cerebrospinal fluid,
but not in the sural nerve. Those immune
complexes were not present
when the hepatitis was first detected,
but only after the appearance of
neurological symptoms, and disappeared
when the inflammatory phase
of the disease had ended (24, 25).
Immune complexes without a known
antigen were found in other cases of
GBS in various organs. The immune
complexes can transfer through the
blood-nerve barrier and may be deposited
in the endonerium and injure nerve
fibers (25). Treatment with plasmapheresis
or IVIG may eliminate those
immune complexes.
R e c e n t l y, the presence of glycolipid
(ganglioside) specific antibodies has
been found to be associated with neurological
disease, in particular with
GBS. The pathogenic potential of these
antibodies has remained unclear. Several
mechanisms by which anti-ganglioside
antibodies may exert their
potential pathogenic effect have been
proposed. Direct binding of anti-ganglioside
antibodies to axon or Schwann
cells might disturb ion fluxes and cause
partial nerve conduction block (26).
Naturally occurring antibodies crossre –
acting with gangliosides may become
pathogenic after affinity maturation
and class switching initiated by preceding
infection.
The hepatitis B vaccine has been used
routinely for almost 20 years. Most of
the side effects are local or transient
minor reactions. The rate of the adverse
events is 1 in 15,500 doses. Major reactions
are rare and include variable autoimmune
phenomena: erythema nodosum,
lichen planus, acute urticaria, polyarthritis,
including rheumatoid arthritis
and reactive arthritis, vasculitis, glomerulonephritis,
Evan’s syndrome and
thrombocytopenic purpura.
Neurological complications include
acute cerebellar ataxia and autoimmune
demyelinating disorders including
multiple sclerosis, transverse myelitis
and GBS (27). These reactions are
sporadic and there is no clear evidence
that the rate of GBS or multiple sclerosis
is more common among the vaccinated
population.
Hepatitis B vaccine is important and,
according to the available data, the prevention
of hepatitis B outweighs the
rare incidence of diseases reported after
vaccination. Further animal studies
and evaluation of the risk factors for these adverse effects are indicated.
http://www.clinexprheumatol.org/article.asp?a=2492
Guillain-Barre Syndrome after Vaccination in United States: Data From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/Food and Drug Administration Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (1990-2005)
Methods: We used data for 1990 to 2005 from the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System, which is a cooperative program of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the US Food and Drug Administration.
Results: There were 1000 cases (mean age, 47 years) of GBS reported after vaccination in the United States between 1990 and 2005. The onset of GBS was within 6 weeks in 774 cases, >6 weeks in 101, and unknown in 125. Death and disability after the event occurred in 32 (3.2%) and 167 (16.7%) subjects, respectively. The highest number (n = 632) of GBS cases was observed in subjects receiving influenza vaccine followed by hepatitis B vaccine (n = 94). Other vaccines or combinations of vaccines were associated with 274 cases of GBS. The incidence of GBS after influenza vaccination was marginally higher in subjects <65 years compared with those ≥65 years (P = 0.09); for hepatitis vaccine, the incidence was significantly higher (P < 0.0001) in the <65 group. Death was more frequent in subjects ≥65 years compared with those <65 years (P < 0.0001).
Conclusions: Our results suggest that vaccines other than influenza vaccine can be associated with GBS. Vaccination-related GBS results in death or disability in one fifth of affected individuals, which is comparable to the reported rates in the general GBS population
http://journals.lww.com/jcnmd/Abstract/2009/09000/Guillain_Barre_Syndrome_after_Vaccination_in.1.aspx
Autoimmune reactions to vaccinations may rarely be induced in predisposed individuals by molecular mimicry or bystander activation mechanisms. Autoimmune reactions reliably considered vaccine-associated, include Guillain-Barré syndrome after 1976 swine influenza vaccine, immune thrombocytopenic purpura after measles/mumps/rubella vaccine, and myopericarditis after smallpox vaccination, whereas the suspected association between hepatitis B vaccine and multiple sclerosis has not been further confirmed, even though it has been recently reconsidered, and the one between childhood immunization and type 1 diabetes seems by now to be definitively gone down. Larger epidemiological studies are needed to obtain more reliable data in most suggested associations.
Read More: http://informahealthcare.com/doi/abs/10.3109/08830181003746304
Vaccines, in several reports were found to be temporally followed by a new onset of autoimmune diseases. The same mechanisms that act in infectious invasion of the host, apply equally to the host response to vaccination. It has been accepted for diphtheria and tetanus toxoid, polio and measles vaccines and GBS. Also this theory has been accepted for MMR vaccination and development of autoimmune thrombocytopenia, MS has been associated with HBV vaccination.
Read More: http://informahealthcare.com/doi/abs/10.1080/08916930500050277
Hepatitis B infection is one of the most important causes of acute and chronic liver disease. During the 1980s, genetically engineered hepatitis B vaccines (HBVs) were introduced in the United States. A large-series of serious autoimmune conditions have been reported following HBVs, despite the fact that HBVs have been reported to be “generally well-tolerated.” A case-control epidemiological study was conducted to evaluate serious autoimmune adverse events prospectively reported to the vaccine adverse events reporting system (VAERS) database following HBVs, in comparison to an age, sex, and vaccine year matched unexposed tetanus-containing vaccine (TCV) group for conditions that have been previously identified on an a priori basis from case-reports. Adults receiving HBV had significantly increased odds ratios (OR) for multiple sclerosis (OR = 5.2, p < 0.0003, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 1.9 – 20), optic neuritis (OR = 14, p < 0.0002, 95% CI = 2.3 – 560), vasculitis (OR = 2.6, p < 0.04, 95% CI = 1.03 – 8.7), arthritis (OR = 2.01, p < 0.0003, 95% CI = 1.3 – 3.1), alopecia (OR = 7.2, p < 0.0001, 95% CI = 3.2 – 20), lupus erythematosus (OR = 9.1, p < 0.0001, 95% CI = 2.3 – 76), rheumatoid arthritis (OR = 18, p < 0.0001, 95% CI = 3.1 – 740), and thrombocytopenia (OR = 2.3, p < 0.04, 95% CI = 1.02 – 6.2) in comparison to the TCV group. Minimal confounding or systematic error was observed. Despite the negative findings of the present study regarding the rare serious adverse effects of HBVs, it is clear that HBV does, indeed, offer significant benefits, but it is also clear that chances of exposure to hepatitis B virus in adults is largely life-style dependent. Adults should make an informed consent decision, weighing the risks and benefits of HBV, as to whether or not to be immunized
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16206512
HBV was associated with a number of serious conditions and positive re-challenge or significant exacerbation of symptoms following immunization.
http://journals.lww.com/jcnmd/Abstract/2009/09000/Guillain_Barre_Syndrome_after_Vaccination_in.1.aspx
Autoimmune reactions to vaccinations may rarely be induced in predisposed individuals by molecular mimicry or bystander activation mechanisms. Autoimmune reactions reliably considered vaccine-associated, include Guillain-Barré syndrome after 1976 swine influenza vaccine, immune thrombocytopenic purpura after measles/mumps/rubella vaccine, and myopericarditis after smallpox vaccination, whereas the suspected association between hepatitis B vaccine and multiple sclerosis has not been further confirmed, even though it has been recently reconsidered, and the one between childhood immunization and type 1 diabetes seems by now to be definitively gone down. Larger epidemiological studies are needed to obtain more reliable data in most suggested associations.
Read More: http://informahealthcare.com/doi/abs/10.3109/08830181003746304
Vaccines, in several reports were found to be temporally followed by a new onset of autoimmune diseases. The same mechanisms that act in infectious invasion of the host, apply equally to the host response to vaccination. It has been accepted for diphtheria and tetanus toxoid, polio and measles vaccines and GBS. Also this theory has been accepted for MMR vaccination and development of autoimmune thrombocytopenia, MS has been associated with HBV vaccination.
Read More: http://informahealthcare.com/doi/abs/10.1080/08916930500050277
Hepatitis B infection is one of the most important causes of acute and chronic liver disease. During the 1980s, genetically engineered hepatitis B vaccines (HBVs) were introduced in the United States. A large-series of serious autoimmune conditions have been reported following HBVs, despite the fact that HBVs have been reported to be “generally well-tolerated.” A case-control epidemiological study was conducted to evaluate serious autoimmune adverse events prospectively reported to the vaccine adverse events reporting system (VAERS) database following HBVs, in comparison to an age, sex, and vaccine year matched unexposed tetanus-containing vaccine (TCV) group for conditions that have been previously identified on an a priori basis from case-reports. Adults receiving HBV had significantly increased odds ratios (OR) for multiple sclerosis (OR = 5.2, p < 0.0003, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 1.9 – 20), optic neuritis (OR = 14, p < 0.0002, 95% CI = 2.3 – 560), vasculitis (OR = 2.6, p < 0.04, 95% CI = 1.03 – 8.7), arthritis (OR = 2.01, p < 0.0003, 95% CI = 1.3 – 3.1), alopecia (OR = 7.2, p < 0.0001, 95% CI = 3.2 – 20), lupus erythematosus (OR = 9.1, p < 0.0001, 95% CI = 2.3 – 76), rheumatoid arthritis (OR = 18, p < 0.0001, 95% CI = 3.1 – 740), and thrombocytopenia (OR = 2.3, p < 0.04, 95% CI = 1.02 – 6.2) in comparison to the TCV group. Minimal confounding or systematic error was observed. Despite the negative findings of the present study regarding the rare serious adverse effects of HBVs, it is clear that HBV does, indeed, offer significant benefits, but it is also clear that chances of exposure to hepatitis B virus in adults is largely life-style dependent. Adults should make an informed consent decision, weighing the risks and benefits of HBV, as to whether or not to be immunized
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16206512
HBV was associated with a number of serious conditions and positive re-challenge or significant exacerbation of symptoms following immunization.
LWW
Guillain-Barré Syndrome after Vaccination in United States: ... : Journal of Clinical Neuromuscular Disease
Reporting System, which is a cooperative program of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the US Food and Drug Administration.
Results:
There were 1000 cases (mean age, 47 years) of GBS reported after vaccination in the United States between…
Results:
There were 1000 cases (mean age, 47 years) of GBS reported after vaccination in the United States between…
There were 415 arthritis, 166 rheumatoid arthritis, 130 myelitis, 4 SLE, 100 optic neuritis, 101 GBS, 29 glomerulonephritis, 283 pancytopenia/thrombocytopenia, and 183 MS events reportedfollowing HBV A total of 465 positive re-challenge adverse events were observed following adult HBV that occurred sooner and with more severity than initial adverse event reports. A case-report of arthritis occurring in identical twins was also identified. [personal note: between 1 and 10 percent of adverse events are actually reported according to the FDAs David Kessler)
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15638050
Viral proteins having molecular mimicry with self-proteins in the CNS can prime genetically susceptible individuals. Once this priming has occurred, an immunologic challenge could result in disease through bystander activation by cytokines.
Read More: http://informahealthcare.com/doi/abs/10.1080/08916930500484799
Nevertheless, allergy and, to a lesser extent, autoimmunity have repeatedly been described or suspected as rare adverse consequences of human vaccines. The mechanisms of these adverse reactions are ill-elucidated, if at all. No animal models have been adequately standardized and validated to predict the risk of allergy and autoimmunity associated with vaccines. However, a number of existing models can be considered for use, but need refinement to be applied to vaccine evaluation. Finally, because the preclinical safety evaluation has not received much attention in the past, efforts should be paid to design specific and cost-effective procedures to meet the current expectations.
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0300483X02000562
After reviewing the 27 cases of vasculitis after hepatitis B vaccination reported in the current literature, the authors suggest that, in some cases, vaccination may be the triggering factor for vasculitis in individuals with a genetic predisposition. Physicians should be aware of this possible association.
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0953620508000770
Mumps resurgences in the United States: A historical perspective on unexpected elements.
. The 2006 epidemic followed this pattern, with two unique variations: it was preceded by a period of very high vaccination rates and very low disease incidence and was characterized by two-dose failure rates among adults vaccinated in childhood. Data from the past 80 years suggest that preventing future mumps epidemics will depend on innovative measures to detect and eliminate build-up of susceptibles among highly vaccinated populations
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19815120
Subacute thyroiditis and dyserythropoesis after influenza vaccination suggesting immune dysregulation.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22111471
However, a 2006 epidemic involved >5700 cases nationwide, with many reported among fully vaccinated college students.. A large mumps outbreak occurred despite high two-dose vaccination coverage in a population most of whom had received the second dose >10 years before. Two-dose vaccine effectiveness was similar to previous one-dose estimates. Further studies are needed to examine the persistence of two-dose mumps vaccine-induced immunity and to determine whether US mumps elimination can be achieved with the current vaccination strategy.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18539365
The first outbreak involved 13 high-school students (median age 14 yr): 9 who had previously received 2 doses of measles-mumps-rubella vaccine (MMR) and 4 who received a single dose. The second outbreak comprised 19 cases of mumps among students and some staff at a local university (median age 23 yr), of whom 18 had received only 1 dose of MMR (the other received a second dose). The viruses identified in the outbreaks were phylogenetically similar and belonged to a genotype commonly reported in the UK. The virus from the second outbreak is identical to the strain currently circulating in the UK and United States.
INTERPRETATION:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15638050
Viral proteins having molecular mimicry with self-proteins in the CNS can prime genetically susceptible individuals. Once this priming has occurred, an immunologic challenge could result in disease through bystander activation by cytokines.
Read More: http://informahealthcare.com/doi/abs/10.1080/08916930500484799
Nevertheless, allergy and, to a lesser extent, autoimmunity have repeatedly been described or suspected as rare adverse consequences of human vaccines. The mechanisms of these adverse reactions are ill-elucidated, if at all. No animal models have been adequately standardized and validated to predict the risk of allergy and autoimmunity associated with vaccines. However, a number of existing models can be considered for use, but need refinement to be applied to vaccine evaluation. Finally, because the preclinical safety evaluation has not received much attention in the past, efforts should be paid to design specific and cost-effective procedures to meet the current expectations.
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0300483X02000562
After reviewing the 27 cases of vasculitis after hepatitis B vaccination reported in the current literature, the authors suggest that, in some cases, vaccination may be the triggering factor for vasculitis in individuals with a genetic predisposition. Physicians should be aware of this possible association.
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0953620508000770
Mumps resurgences in the United States: A historical perspective on unexpected elements.
. The 2006 epidemic followed this pattern, with two unique variations: it was preceded by a period of very high vaccination rates and very low disease incidence and was characterized by two-dose failure rates among adults vaccinated in childhood. Data from the past 80 years suggest that preventing future mumps epidemics will depend on innovative measures to detect and eliminate build-up of susceptibles among highly vaccinated populations
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19815120
Subacute thyroiditis and dyserythropoesis after influenza vaccination suggesting immune dysregulation.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22111471
However, a 2006 epidemic involved >5700 cases nationwide, with many reported among fully vaccinated college students.. A large mumps outbreak occurred despite high two-dose vaccination coverage in a population most of whom had received the second dose >10 years before. Two-dose vaccine effectiveness was similar to previous one-dose estimates. Further studies are needed to examine the persistence of two-dose mumps vaccine-induced immunity and to determine whether US mumps elimination can be achieved with the current vaccination strategy.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18539365
The first outbreak involved 13 high-school students (median age 14 yr): 9 who had previously received 2 doses of measles-mumps-rubella vaccine (MMR) and 4 who received a single dose. The second outbreak comprised 19 cases of mumps among students and some staff at a local university (median age 23 yr), of whom 18 had received only 1 dose of MMR (the other received a second dose). The viruses identified in the outbreaks were phylogenetically similar and belonged to a genotype commonly reported in the UK. The virus from the second outbreak is identical to the strain currently circulating in the UK and United States.
INTERPRETATION:
PubMed
A case-series of adverse events, positive re-challenge of symptoms, and events in identical twins following hepatitis B vaccination:…
Evidence from biological plausibility, case-reports, case-series, epidemiological, and now for positive re-challenge and exacerbation of symptoms, and events in identical twins was presented. One would have to consider that there is causal relationship between…
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The predominance in these outbreaks of infected people of university age not only highlights an environment with potential for increased transmission but also raises questions about the efficacy of the MMR vaccine. The people affected may represent a “lost cohort” who do not have immunity from natural mumps infection and were not offered a 2-dose schedule. Given the current level of mumps activity around the world, clinicians should remain vigilant for symptoms of mumps.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16940266
Persistence of maternal antibody in infants beyond 12 months: Mechanism of measles vaccine failure
A serologic study was made in 34 children immunized against measles at the age of 12 months. Using a sensitive virus neutralization test, it was found that many of the children had pre-existing maternal antibody to measles virus. (this was written in 1977 back when mothers were actually passing immunity to their children..this is just an example of natural immunity being passed from mother to child..something that vaccination cannot and will not ever do.)
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022347677810214
The study, which analyzed data from 2009-2011, found that white, college-educated mothers over the age of 35 were most likely to report that they had delayed or skipped immunizations for their children. There’s no consensus as to why that is the case, Young said. [hmmm..lets try to help them come to a clear consensus.. could intellence level be a factor? could age play a role because mothers over 35 have had more time to witness what vaccination can do?]
Read more here: http://www.adn.com/2013/04/22/2875131/more-alaskans-hesitant-about-vaccines.html#storylink=cpy
“A Positive Association found between Autism Prevalence and Childhood Vaccination uptake across the U.S. Population”
The reason for the rapid rise of autism in the United States that began in the 1990s is
a mystery. Although individuals probably have a genetic predisposition to develop autism,
researchers suspect that one or more environmental triggers are also needed. One of those
triggers might be the battery of vaccinations that young children receive. Using regression
analysis and controlling for family income and ethnicity, the relationship between the proportion
of children who received the recommended vaccines by age 2 years and the prevalence of
autism (AUT) or speech or language impairment (SLI) in each U.S. state from 2001 and 2007
was determined. A positive and statistically significant relationship was found: The higher the
proportion of children receiving recommended vaccinations, the higher was the prevalence
of AUT or SLI. A 1% increase in vaccination was associated with an additional 680 children
having AUT or SLI. Neither parental behavior nor access to care affected the results, since
vaccination proportions were not significantly related (statistically) to any other disability or
to the number of pediatricians in a U.S. state. The results suggest that although mercury has
been removed from many vaccines, other culprits may link vaccines to autism. Further study into the relationship between vaccines and autism is warranted
full text: http://www.theoneclickgroup.co.uk/documents/vaccines/Vaccine%20and%20Autism%20correlation%20US%202011%20J%20Tox%20Env%20Health.pdf
“CDC officials discuss neurological damage from vaccines in secret meeting – Simpsonwood”
You can read this clearly for yourself if you access the pdf transcript that was obtained via FOIA
http://therefusers.com/refusers-newsroom/cdc-officials-discuss-neurological-damage-from-vaccines-in-secret-meeting-simpsonwood/#.UYM4l07D_IV
“The odds of having a history of asthma was twice as great among vaccinated subjects than among unvaccinated subjects The odds of having had any allergy-related respiratory symptom in the past 12 months was 63% greater among vaccinated subjects than unvaccinated subjects”
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10714532
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16940266
Persistence of maternal antibody in infants beyond 12 months: Mechanism of measles vaccine failure
A serologic study was made in 34 children immunized against measles at the age of 12 months. Using a sensitive virus neutralization test, it was found that many of the children had pre-existing maternal antibody to measles virus. (this was written in 1977 back when mothers were actually passing immunity to their children..this is just an example of natural immunity being passed from mother to child..something that vaccination cannot and will not ever do.)
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022347677810214
The study, which analyzed data from 2009-2011, found that white, college-educated mothers over the age of 35 were most likely to report that they had delayed or skipped immunizations for their children. There’s no consensus as to why that is the case, Young said. [hmmm..lets try to help them come to a clear consensus.. could intellence level be a factor? could age play a role because mothers over 35 have had more time to witness what vaccination can do?]
Read more here: http://www.adn.com/2013/04/22/2875131/more-alaskans-hesitant-about-vaccines.html#storylink=cpy
“A Positive Association found between Autism Prevalence and Childhood Vaccination uptake across the U.S. Population”
The reason for the rapid rise of autism in the United States that began in the 1990s is
a mystery. Although individuals probably have a genetic predisposition to develop autism,
researchers suspect that one or more environmental triggers are also needed. One of those
triggers might be the battery of vaccinations that young children receive. Using regression
analysis and controlling for family income and ethnicity, the relationship between the proportion
of children who received the recommended vaccines by age 2 years and the prevalence of
autism (AUT) or speech or language impairment (SLI) in each U.S. state from 2001 and 2007
was determined. A positive and statistically significant relationship was found: The higher the
proportion of children receiving recommended vaccinations, the higher was the prevalence
of AUT or SLI. A 1% increase in vaccination was associated with an additional 680 children
having AUT or SLI. Neither parental behavior nor access to care affected the results, since
vaccination proportions were not significantly related (statistically) to any other disability or
to the number of pediatricians in a U.S. state. The results suggest that although mercury has
been removed from many vaccines, other culprits may link vaccines to autism. Further study into the relationship between vaccines and autism is warranted
full text: http://www.theoneclickgroup.co.uk/documents/vaccines/Vaccine%20and%20Autism%20correlation%20US%202011%20J%20Tox%20Env%20Health.pdf
“CDC officials discuss neurological damage from vaccines in secret meeting – Simpsonwood”
You can read this clearly for yourself if you access the pdf transcript that was obtained via FOIA
http://therefusers.com/refusers-newsroom/cdc-officials-discuss-neurological-damage-from-vaccines-in-secret-meeting-simpsonwood/#.UYM4l07D_IV
“The odds of having a history of asthma was twice as great among vaccinated subjects than among unvaccinated subjects The odds of having had any allergy-related respiratory symptom in the past 12 months was 63% greater among vaccinated subjects than unvaccinated subjects”
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10714532
PubMed
Two successive outbreaks of mumps in Nova Scotia among vaccinated adolescents and young adults - PubMed
The predominance in these outbreaks of infected people of university age not only highlights an environment with potential for increased transmission but also raises questions about the efficacy of the MMR vaccine. The people affected may represent a "lost…
Nanomaterials can be transported by monocyte-lineage cells to DLNs, blood and spleen, and, similarly to HIV, may use CCL2-dependent mechanisms to penetrate the brain. This occurs at a very low rate in normal conditions explaining good overall tolerance of alum despite its strong neurotoxic potential. However, continuously escalating doses of this poorly biodegradable adjuvant in the population may become insidiously unsafe, especially in the case of overimmunization or immature/altered blood brain barrier or high constitutive CCL-2 production.
http://www.biomedcentral.com/1741-7015/11/99
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my response to a friend who fears vaccination and is unsure what to do.
May 5, 2013
In "thinking free"
Pediatricians Receive Regular Requests for Alternative Child Immunization Schedules..really!!?
January 20, 2013
In "thinking free"
what excactly is in that?
March 8, 2013
In "thinking free"
• Posted by the referbished rogue in vaccination
Post navigation
← regarding tdap and pregnancy..is an autism coverup to blame?
Read the back of your toothpaste – fluoride IS poison. if there’s doubt – GET IT OUT! →
57 thoughts on “my list of peer reviewed vaccine research”
sandy fleming May 4, 2013 at 12:59 am this is amazing to say the least. Reply
the referbished rogue May 4, 2013 at 1:34 am I am glad that you think so 🙂 I hope that it comes in handy for you in the future Reply
Jyothi May 4, 2013 at 1:40 pm Thanks so much for putting this together! Have bookmarked and will share! Reply
the referbished rogue May 4, 2013 at 1:44 pm yourwelcome! thank you so much..one person at a time.. getting the word out is how it started..and I am so thankful to whoever it was that spoke out first 🙂 I feel honored to have been “awakened”.. God bless. – briana Reply
Ravi May 4, 2013 at 4:38 pm Great information all in one place. Thanks for posting and definitely sharing. BTW, the reason Polio disappeared from the map was also because the CDC renamed the disease to Aseptic Viral meningitis and also Acute Flaccid Paralysis. You can see that just about these two diseases were brought forth the numbers for these went up while the numbers for polio disappeared. Not sure if this was mentioned in the article (did not read all of it yet :)). Thanks again Reply
the referbished rogue May 4, 2013 at 5:07 pm Ravi, thank you so very much for reminding me about this! unfortunately, this list is what survived a computer crash and then a new computer. I lost so so so much stuff..so much knowledge forgotten..but, I don’t mind it all that much..i look forward to finding them all again. The renaming of polio scam did not make it on my list, I don’t think. I remember reading about it a long time ago on an ‘InsideVaccines’ post and it led me to find the studies and such..but apparently that lead is just one of many lost 😦 but now that you have reminded me of it..im off to do some research and will hopefully be adding this to my list tonight. any thing else you’d like to remind me of? ha 🙂 God bless – briana Reply
Sheri Nakken, former RN, MA, Hahnemannian Homeopath November 17, 2013 at 7:01 pm and also wherever polio was, there was DDT use http://www.wellwithin1.com/Polio.West.htm
Gayl H May 4, 2013 at 6:32 pm What a great start! Like you, I have read 100s if not thousands of articles, and have been trying to put together a compendium such as this on paper/computer, but didn’t think of archiving them like this! Excellent “abstracting” of the articles as well! This is a tremendous service to all who are trying to research vaccine safety 🙂 Reply
the referbished rogue May 4, 2013 at 7:40 pm I am just overwhelmed by all the kind comments.. thank you Gayl H. When ever you get yours completed I would love to take a peek. if you remember me then..let me know 🙂 -briana Reply
http://www.biomedcentral.com/1741-7015/11/99
Advertisement
The Role of Spiritual Enlightenment a...
An Analogy with Butterfly Metamorphosis Today’s discourse touches upon the in...
Share this:
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Loading...
Related
my response to a friend who fears vaccination and is unsure what to do.
May 5, 2013
In "thinking free"
Pediatricians Receive Regular Requests for Alternative Child Immunization Schedules..really!!?
January 20, 2013
In "thinking free"
what excactly is in that?
March 8, 2013
In "thinking free"
• Posted by the referbished rogue in vaccination
Post navigation
← regarding tdap and pregnancy..is an autism coverup to blame?
Read the back of your toothpaste – fluoride IS poison. if there’s doubt – GET IT OUT! →
57 thoughts on “my list of peer reviewed vaccine research”
sandy fleming May 4, 2013 at 12:59 am this is amazing to say the least. Reply
the referbished rogue May 4, 2013 at 1:34 am I am glad that you think so 🙂 I hope that it comes in handy for you in the future Reply
Jyothi May 4, 2013 at 1:40 pm Thanks so much for putting this together! Have bookmarked and will share! Reply
the referbished rogue May 4, 2013 at 1:44 pm yourwelcome! thank you so much..one person at a time.. getting the word out is how it started..and I am so thankful to whoever it was that spoke out first 🙂 I feel honored to have been “awakened”.. God bless. – briana Reply
Ravi May 4, 2013 at 4:38 pm Great information all in one place. Thanks for posting and definitely sharing. BTW, the reason Polio disappeared from the map was also because the CDC renamed the disease to Aseptic Viral meningitis and also Acute Flaccid Paralysis. You can see that just about these two diseases were brought forth the numbers for these went up while the numbers for polio disappeared. Not sure if this was mentioned in the article (did not read all of it yet :)). Thanks again Reply
the referbished rogue May 4, 2013 at 5:07 pm Ravi, thank you so very much for reminding me about this! unfortunately, this list is what survived a computer crash and then a new computer. I lost so so so much stuff..so much knowledge forgotten..but, I don’t mind it all that much..i look forward to finding them all again. The renaming of polio scam did not make it on my list, I don’t think. I remember reading about it a long time ago on an ‘InsideVaccines’ post and it led me to find the studies and such..but apparently that lead is just one of many lost 😦 but now that you have reminded me of it..im off to do some research and will hopefully be adding this to my list tonight. any thing else you’d like to remind me of? ha 🙂 God bless – briana Reply
Sheri Nakken, former RN, MA, Hahnemannian Homeopath November 17, 2013 at 7:01 pm and also wherever polio was, there was DDT use http://www.wellwithin1.com/Polio.West.htm
Gayl H May 4, 2013 at 6:32 pm What a great start! Like you, I have read 100s if not thousands of articles, and have been trying to put together a compendium such as this on paper/computer, but didn’t think of archiving them like this! Excellent “abstracting” of the articles as well! This is a tremendous service to all who are trying to research vaccine safety 🙂 Reply
the referbished rogue May 4, 2013 at 7:40 pm I am just overwhelmed by all the kind comments.. thank you Gayl H. When ever you get yours completed I would love to take a peek. if you remember me then..let me know 🙂 -briana Reply
BioMed Central
Slow CCL2-dependent translocation of biopersistent particles from muscle to brain - BMC Medicine
Background Long-term biodistribution of nanomaterials used in medicine is largely unknown. This is the case for alum, the most widely used vaccine adjuvant, which is a nanocrystalline compound spontaneously forming micron/submicron-sized agglomerates. Although…
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