In LANs and Wans We use -------to describe their capabilities.

international coverage

TCP/IP has ____ layers , OSI has ___ layers

___________ Contain Hardware address of the sending and Receiving endpoint

Random Signal is

If at time = 3 causal signal multiplies with Gama signal (Energy value = 10) then the result energy signal equal: (امتحان 2023)

Data is encapsulated by the ...... layer with header and a trailer to from a frame

Width of frequency spectrum

In baseband communication, the data signal undergoes which of the following processes?

This loss of power or loss of signal strength is called

_______ e in bandwidth allows an ______ in data rate.

Amplification is the Same Meaning of attenuation

In ASK if binary = 0 then equation is

In FSK if binary = 0 then equation is

In half duplex, signals are transmitted in only one direction

If we have 1 Mb/s link, and each user need to be active 100Kb/s in 10% suppose there are 35 users. Find the probability that at any given time, exactly 10 users are transmitting simultaneously?

collision detection easy in wired and wireless

بدل ما تقعد فاضي :
when BER increases then SNR decreases

Signal attenuation decreases with the length of the channel.

Routers are used o connect individual LANs with each other.