A graph made of bars whose heights represent the frequencies of respective categories

to construct a bar graph (bar chart), we mark the various categories on the vertical axis.

Bar charts can also be used to give a visual comparison of two or more groups.

When constructing a comparative bar graph we use the ............... rather than the .......... to construct the scale on the vertical axis

Pie charts are most effective for summarizing data sets when there are too many different categories

The class .......... is also called the class size.

The class ...... is given by the midpoint of the upper limit of one class and the lower limit of the next class.

Class width =

The class ........... or mark is obtained by dividing the sum of the two limits (or the two boundaries) of a class by 2.

Class midpoint or mark =

Approximate class width =

Quantitative data can be displayed in many common ways such as a histogram or a polygon

A ............ can be drawn for a frequency distribution, a relative frequency distribution,
or a percentage distribution

The bars in a histogram are drawn adjacent to each other with gap between them

A histogram can assume any one of a large number of shapes. The most common of these shapes are

SHAPES OF HISTOGRAMS

SHAPES OF HISTOGRAMS

A graph formed by joining the midpoints of the tops of successive bars in a histogram with straight lines is called a polygon.

In a stem-and-leaf display of qualitative data, each value is divided into two portions: a stem and a lea