The 1's complement has the additional disadvatage of possessing two arithmetic zeros: one with all 0's and one with all 1's.

Digital systems takes continuous information as inputs and descrete internal information

Each octal digit corresponds to 4 binary digits while each hexadecimal corresponds to 3 binary digits

In (r-1)’s complement if an end-around carry occurs , we discard it

The 2’s complement has the advantage on 1’s Complement of being easier to implement by digital components.

During Substraction , 2’s complement requires only one arithmetic addition operation

A binary cell is a device that possesses 3 stable states and we can store 3 bits of information

Register is a group of binary cells

……….obtained from the interchange of AND and OR operators and 1’s and 0’s

…………….obtained by interchanging AND and OR operators and complemented each literals

ASCII code represents “ A ” by ……..bits

Internal code requires …….. bits for “ A ”

EBCDIC requires …….. bits for “ A ”

Logic diagrams are unique while truth table and expressions are not

convert “ 011001 “ to gray code

Convert “011100” to binary code

The NAND and NOR Functions are associative but aren’t commutative

The exclusive-OR and Equavalence are complements of each other

The inhibition and implication are practical to use as standard logic gates