Actual exponent is found by subtracting the bias from the stored exponent

0 11111111 00000000000000000000000

-1/0.0 : Zero

7-bit

8-bit Latin is a superset of ASCII

Unicode aims to provide a standard character encoding scheme, which is universal, efficient, uniform and unambiguous

Unicode encoding schemes

UCS-4 Uses 4 bytes (32 bits)

UTF-8 is a....... -length

variable width character encoding capable of encoding all 1,112,064 valid code points in Unicode
using one to four bytes

Same as UCS-4, which uses 4 bytes for each character – unencoded

is a variable-length Unicode character encoding scheme, which uses 2 to 4 bytes

For a multi-byte character, you need to take care of the order of the bytes in storage

most significant byte is stored at the memory location with the lowest address

the lowest significant byte is stored at the memory location with the lowest address.

the lowest significant byte is stored at the memory location with the highest address

AMD processor

The little-endian system has the property that the same value can be read from memory at different lengths (down cast) without using different
addresses

Windows/DOS uses OD0AH

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