system consists of a finite number of resources to be distributed among a number of competing
processes

Each process utilizes a resource as follows: request, use, release

a resource can be released only voluntarily by the process holding it, after that process has completed its task

a process holding at least one resource is waiting to acquire additional resources held by other processes

only one process at a time can use a resource

assignment edge — Pi➔Rj

If graph contains no cycles there exist a deadlock

Ensure that the system will never enter a deadlock state

Deadlock detection and recovery is Allow the system to enter a deadlock state and then recover

Requires that the system has some additional a priori information available

If a system is in safe state there are deadlocks

If a system is in unsafe state there must be deadlock

Multiple instances of a resource type

in banker’s algorithm n represents

in banker’s algorithm m represents

is responsible for moving the data between the peripheral devices that it controls and its local buffer storage