OS creates a kernel thread per user thread (can burden performance)

OS creates a set of kernel threads (less than or equal to user threads)

When a thread makes a blocking system call, another thread can run.

Most operating systems use

Fork-join. works well for tasks that are asynchronous (cooperating)

The server creates a thread for each request

in Implicit Threading Programmers identify threads that can run in parallel.

can adjust the number of threads in the pool.

Cancellation of a target thread can be asynchronous or Synchronous.

Implicit fork-join is a synchronous version of the thread pool.

A goal of memory management is not to provide a convenient abstraction for programming

A goal of memory management is to minimize performance with maximum overhead

can be solved by re-mapping between VA
(Virtual Address) and PA (Physical Address)

To make it easier to manage the memory of processes running in the system, we’re going to make them use ..............

VM requires software support and OS management algorithms to pull it off

Programs use physical addresses indirectly

Virtual addresses are independent of the actual physical location of the data
referenced

..........happens when the memory is split into fixed -sized blocks

External fragmentation : memory in a partition not used by a process is not available to other processes