Can be viewed as a resource allocator

Application programs acts as the manager of resources and decides how to allocate them to specific programs and users

Operating System Can be viewed as a control program

Application Programs controls the I/O devices and manages the execution of user programs to prevent errors and improper use of the computer

Operating system =

The …. is the one program running at all times.

System programs are associated with the operating system.

Application Programs are associated with the operating system

device controller is used to …..

The CPU and the device controllers can execute in parallel

The …….. synchronizes access to the shared memory

A simple program stored in ROM or EEPROM

Bootstrap is also known by the general term

It runs when the computer is powered up or rebooted

Bootstrap is used to Locate the kernel, load it into memory, and start its execution

Bootstrap is used to Initialize all aspects of the system

Bootstrap is used to

Once the system is fully booted, it waits for some event to occur

A/An …. is a signal that is generated when some event occurs.

A hardware-generated interrupt occurs by executing a system call

A software-generated interrupt (or trap) occurs by sending a signal to the CPU