Q. The rights of persons with disabilities Act, 2016 remains only a legal document without intense sensitization of Government functionaries and citizens regarding disability. Comment. (Answer in 150 words) 10 marks
As per Census 2011, disabled persons constitute 2.21% of the total population. India signed the United Nations Convention on Rights of Persons with Disability.
▪️Right of Persons with Disabilities (PwD) Act 2016
✅ The types of disabilities have been increased from 7 to 21.
✅ The act added mental illness, autism, speech and language disability, sickle cell disease, acid attack victims, etc which were largely ignored in earlier act.
✅ It increases reservation from 3% to 4% in government jobs and higher education institutes.
✅ Every child with benchmark disability between 6 and 18 years shall have the right to free education.
▪️Societal apathy towards Persons with Disability (PwD) in India:
✅ Discrimination and stigmatization attached to PwD by the society
✅ Consider PwD as burden or liability by family
✅ Negligence towards their issues like accessibility to Transport, IT etc.
✅ Considered as a sin committed in last birth.
▪️Lax implementation by Government functioning:
✅ Lack of medical facilities.
✅ Lack of availability of special schools, trained teachers for the disabled.
✅ Most government buildings in India are not disability-friendly
✅ Administrative apathy towards implementation of plans and policies for disabled.
▪️Way Forward:
✅ Increasing Public Awareness and Understanding of Disability
✅ Social campaigns that change attitudes on stigmatized issues related to PwD.
✅ Showing positive representations of people with disabilities e.g. Paralympian Anali Lakhera
✅ Special schools with the label special needs can have a stigma or negative connotation. Students may only learn and interact with peers with special needs.
Govt’s Sugmaya Bharat Abhiyaan is in right direction to sensitize people to bring behavioural towards Divyangjan and timely govt intervention in the spirit of Article 41 of the constitution.
As per Census 2011, disabled persons constitute 2.21% of the total population. India signed the United Nations Convention on Rights of Persons with Disability.
▪️Right of Persons with Disabilities (PwD) Act 2016
✅ The types of disabilities have been increased from 7 to 21.
✅ The act added mental illness, autism, speech and language disability, sickle cell disease, acid attack victims, etc which were largely ignored in earlier act.
✅ It increases reservation from 3% to 4% in government jobs and higher education institutes.
✅ Every child with benchmark disability between 6 and 18 years shall have the right to free education.
▪️Societal apathy towards Persons with Disability (PwD) in India:
✅ Discrimination and stigmatization attached to PwD by the society
✅ Consider PwD as burden or liability by family
✅ Negligence towards their issues like accessibility to Transport, IT etc.
✅ Considered as a sin committed in last birth.
▪️Lax implementation by Government functioning:
✅ Lack of medical facilities.
✅ Lack of availability of special schools, trained teachers for the disabled.
✅ Most government buildings in India are not disability-friendly
✅ Administrative apathy towards implementation of plans and policies for disabled.
▪️Way Forward:
✅ Increasing Public Awareness and Understanding of Disability
✅ Social campaigns that change attitudes on stigmatized issues related to PwD.
✅ Showing positive representations of people with disabilities e.g. Paralympian Anali Lakhera
✅ Special schools with the label special needs can have a stigma or negative connotation. Students may only learn and interact with peers with special needs.
Govt’s Sugmaya Bharat Abhiyaan is in right direction to sensitize people to bring behavioural towards Divyangjan and timely govt intervention in the spirit of Article 41 of the constitution.
👍11🥰4❤2
Q. Discuss the procedures to decide the disputes arising out of the election of a Member of the Parliament or a State Legislature under the Representation of People Act 1951. What are the grounds on which the election of any returned candidate may be declared void? What remedy is available to the aggrieved party against the decision? Refer to the case laws (Answer in 250 words) 15 marks
✅ An Act to provide for the conduct of elections of the Houses of Parliament and to the House or Houses of the Legislature of each State, the qualifications and disqualifications for membership of those Houses, the corrupt practises and other offences at or in connection with such elections and the decision of doubts and disputes arising out of or in connection with such elections.
▪️Procedure to decide the dispute:
✅ Section 100 of the RPA, 1951 deals with the grounds on which an election may be challenged by means of election petition.
✅ By any non-compliance with provisions of the Constitution or of this Act or of any rules or orders made under this Act, the High Court shall declare the election of the returned candidate to be void.
✅ After the election petition on the matter of corrupt practices in High court. Order of the High court is sent to the president through the secretary general and then ECI looks into the issue where judicial hearing is given to the affected party.
▪️A person can be disqualified on below grounds:
✅ Disqualification on conviction for certain election offences and corrupt practises in the election. (Sec 8)
✅ Disqualification on conviction for certain offences.
✅ Disqualification on ground of corrupt practices. (Section 8A).
✅ Disqualification for dismissal for corruption or disloyalty. (Section 9).
✅ Disqualification for Government contracts, etc. (Section 9A)
✅ Disqualification for office under Government company (Section 10)
▪️Remedies available against such Disqualification:
✅ On the question of whether a legislator is subject to any of the disqualifications, the final authority to decide rests with the President (in case of members of Parliament) and the Governor (in case of members of State legislature).
✅ In case of any enquiry, the Election Commission is conferred the powers of a civil court for summoning and enforcing the attendance of any person or any evidence.
✅ Besides, after a legislator is disqualified, the Election Commission may, on certain grounds, remove any
disqualification or reduce the period of any disqualification.
✅ The Election Commission said that in exercise of its powers under Section 11 of the Representation of People Act, Tamang’s period of electoral disqualification was being reduced from the statutory six years to one year and one month.
Elections are the lifeblood of any democracy. The robustness of electoral processes determines the fate of the nation. The timely reforms to the electoral process by ECI, according to the changing needs of the society and the strong review of the judiciary have helped in conduction of free and fair elections till date.
✅ An Act to provide for the conduct of elections of the Houses of Parliament and to the House or Houses of the Legislature of each State, the qualifications and disqualifications for membership of those Houses, the corrupt practises and other offences at or in connection with such elections and the decision of doubts and disputes arising out of or in connection with such elections.
▪️Procedure to decide the dispute:
✅ Section 100 of the RPA, 1951 deals with the grounds on which an election may be challenged by means of election petition.
✅ By any non-compliance with provisions of the Constitution or of this Act or of any rules or orders made under this Act, the High Court shall declare the election of the returned candidate to be void.
✅ After the election petition on the matter of corrupt practices in High court. Order of the High court is sent to the president through the secretary general and then ECI looks into the issue where judicial hearing is given to the affected party.
▪️A person can be disqualified on below grounds:
✅ Disqualification on conviction for certain election offences and corrupt practises in the election. (Sec 8)
✅ Disqualification on conviction for certain offences.
✅ Disqualification on ground of corrupt practices. (Section 8A).
✅ Disqualification for dismissal for corruption or disloyalty. (Section 9).
✅ Disqualification for Government contracts, etc. (Section 9A)
✅ Disqualification for office under Government company (Section 10)
▪️Remedies available against such Disqualification:
✅ On the question of whether a legislator is subject to any of the disqualifications, the final authority to decide rests with the President (in case of members of Parliament) and the Governor (in case of members of State legislature).
✅ In case of any enquiry, the Election Commission is conferred the powers of a civil court for summoning and enforcing the attendance of any person or any evidence.
✅ Besides, after a legislator is disqualified, the Election Commission may, on certain grounds, remove any
disqualification or reduce the period of any disqualification.
✅ The Election Commission said that in exercise of its powers under Section 11 of the Representation of People Act, Tamang’s period of electoral disqualification was being reduced from the statutory six years to one year and one month.
Elections are the lifeblood of any democracy. The robustness of electoral processes determines the fate of the nation. The timely reforms to the electoral process by ECI, according to the changing needs of the society and the strong review of the judiciary have helped in conduction of free and fair elections till date.
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Q. To what extent in your opinion has the decentralization of power in India changed the governance landscape at the grassroots? (Answer in 150 words) 10 marks
Democratic decentralization is the process of devolving the functions and resources of the state from the center to the elected representatives at the lower levels so as to facilitate greater direct participation of citizens in governance.
▪️Decentralization and People’s participation through 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendment Act changed the governance landscape at the grassroots:
✅ Women empowerment by ensuring their political participation – 14.54 lakh women are their in PRIs.
✅ Social justice by reserving seats for SCs & STs
✅ Fixing accountability through Social auditing tool
✅ Resolved issues through community participation like water management and disaster management.
✅ Developing programs for weaker sections and backward areas
✅ Financial management and budget sanctity
✅ Simplification of procedures and processes by the use of technology, Social Auditing, e-governance, M-governance, Twitter governance etc.
✅ Focus on service delivery through Citizen Charter and Sevottam Model It would make growth - sustainable, equitable, and inclusive.
▪️Issues with local govt in India:
✅ Insufficient funding
✅ Inflexibility in spending
✅ Lack of staff
✅ Untimely and delayed action
✅ Corruption
▪️Suggestions given by Sumit Bose committee:
✅ State governments should put a quorum in gram sabha meetings for participation of panchayat representatives
✅ Recruitment and appointment of support and technical staff to ensure the smooth functioning of panchayat.
✅ Devise a comprehensive mechanism for taxation at the local levels.
✅ Capacity building and training enable them to prepare better Gram Panchayat Development Plans
✅ Sumit Bose committee recommended - performance based payments for better outcomes in rural development schemes 6th report of 2nd ARC, says a clear-cut demarcation of functions of each tier of the government & States should adopt the concept of ‘activity mapping’ to achieve the objective of article 40.
Democratic decentralization is the process of devolving the functions and resources of the state from the center to the elected representatives at the lower levels so as to facilitate greater direct participation of citizens in governance.
▪️Decentralization and People’s participation through 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendment Act changed the governance landscape at the grassroots:
✅ Women empowerment by ensuring their political participation – 14.54 lakh women are their in PRIs.
✅ Social justice by reserving seats for SCs & STs
✅ Fixing accountability through Social auditing tool
✅ Resolved issues through community participation like water management and disaster management.
✅ Developing programs for weaker sections and backward areas
✅ Financial management and budget sanctity
✅ Simplification of procedures and processes by the use of technology, Social Auditing, e-governance, M-governance, Twitter governance etc.
✅ Focus on service delivery through Citizen Charter and Sevottam Model It would make growth - sustainable, equitable, and inclusive.
▪️Issues with local govt in India:
✅ Insufficient funding
✅ Inflexibility in spending
✅ Lack of staff
✅ Untimely and delayed action
✅ Corruption
▪️Suggestions given by Sumit Bose committee:
✅ State governments should put a quorum in gram sabha meetings for participation of panchayat representatives
✅ Recruitment and appointment of support and technical staff to ensure the smooth functioning of panchayat.
✅ Devise a comprehensive mechanism for taxation at the local levels.
✅ Capacity building and training enable them to prepare better Gram Panchayat Development Plans
✅ Sumit Bose committee recommended - performance based payments for better outcomes in rural development schemes 6th report of 2nd ARC, says a clear-cut demarcation of functions of each tier of the government & States should adopt the concept of ‘activity mapping’ to achieve the objective of article 40.
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Q. What are the different elements of cyber security? Keeping in view the challenges in cyber security, examine the extent to which India has successfully developed a comprehensive National Cyber
Security Strategy. (Answer in 250 words) 15
✅ Cyber Security is protecting cyber space including critical information infrastructure from attack, damage, misuse and economic espionage.
▪️Elemets of Cyber security Architecture:
✅ Network Elements: Network nodes like computers, NICs, repeaters, hubs, bridges, switches, routers, modems, gateways.
✅ Security Elements: like firewalls, Intrusion Detection/Protection Systems [IDS/IPS], encryption/decryption devices.
✅ Security Frameworks & Standards: Cybersecurity framework architecture standards like NIST Risk Management Framework Vulnerabilities to the
▪️ Architecture:
✅ Data Diddling: Attack floods systems, servers, or networks with traffic to exhaust resources and bandwidth.
✅ Ransom ware: Blocks access to key components of the network and demand money to unlock it.
✅ Phishing: The goal is to steal sensitive data like credit card and login information or to install malware on the victim’s machine
✅ Malware: Covertly obtains information by transmitting data from the hard drive (spyware) National cyber security strategy to ensure a safe, secure, trusted, resilient, and vibrant cyberspace for India.
✅ Security by Design:- To develop institutional capability for assessment, evaluation, certification and rating of core devices.
✅ Monitoring of Supply chain of integrated circuits.
✅ Product testing and certification needs to be enhanced.
✅ The supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) security should be integrated with enterprise security.
✅ A minimum allocation of 0.25% of the annual budget is required for cyber security.
✅ Holding cyber security drills to tackle crisis management.
✅ Create cyber security services under Indian enginerring services.
✅ Cyber insurance to address risk.
✅ Cyber diplomacy.
✅ Setting up exclusive court to deal with cyber investigation
Security Strategy. (Answer in 250 words) 15
✅ Cyber Security is protecting cyber space including critical information infrastructure from attack, damage, misuse and economic espionage.
▪️Elemets of Cyber security Architecture:
✅ Network Elements: Network nodes like computers, NICs, repeaters, hubs, bridges, switches, routers, modems, gateways.
✅ Security Elements: like firewalls, Intrusion Detection/Protection Systems [IDS/IPS], encryption/decryption devices.
✅ Security Frameworks & Standards: Cybersecurity framework architecture standards like NIST Risk Management Framework Vulnerabilities to the
▪️ Architecture:
✅ Data Diddling: Attack floods systems, servers, or networks with traffic to exhaust resources and bandwidth.
✅ Ransom ware: Blocks access to key components of the network and demand money to unlock it.
✅ Phishing: The goal is to steal sensitive data like credit card and login information or to install malware on the victim’s machine
✅ Malware: Covertly obtains information by transmitting data from the hard drive (spyware) National cyber security strategy to ensure a safe, secure, trusted, resilient, and vibrant cyberspace for India.
✅ Security by Design:- To develop institutional capability for assessment, evaluation, certification and rating of core devices.
✅ Monitoring of Supply chain of integrated circuits.
✅ Product testing and certification needs to be enhanced.
✅ The supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) security should be integrated with enterprise security.
✅ A minimum allocation of 0.25% of the annual budget is required for cyber security.
✅ Holding cyber security drills to tackle crisis management.
✅ Create cyber security services under Indian enginerring services.
✅ Cyber insurance to address risk.
✅ Cyber diplomacy.
✅ Setting up exclusive court to deal with cyber investigation
👍6
Q. What are the different elements of cyber security? Keeping in view the challenges in cyber security, examine the extent to which India has successfully developed a comprehensive National Cyber
Security Strategy. (Answer in 250 words) 15
✅ Cyber Security is protecting cyber space including critical information infrastructure from attack, damage, misuse and economic espionage.
▪️Elemets of Cyber security Architecture:
✅ Network Elements: Network nodes like computers, NICs, repeaters, hubs, bridges, switches, routers, modems, gateways.
✅ Security Elements: like firewalls, Intrusion Detection/Protection Systems [IDS/IPS], encryption/decryption devices.
✅ Security Frameworks & Standards: Cybersecurity framework architecture standards like NIST Risk Management Framework Vulnerabilities to the
▪️ Architecture:
✅ Data Diddling: Attack floods systems, servers, or networks with traffic to exhaust resources and bandwidth.
✅ Ransom ware: Blocks access to key components of the network and demand money to unlock it.
✅ Phishing: The goal is to steal sensitive data like credit card and login information or to install malware on the victim’s machine
✅ Malware: Covertly obtains information by transmitting data from the hard drive (spyware) National cyber security strategy to ensure a safe, secure, trusted, resilient, and vibrant cyberspace for India.
✅ Security by Design:- To develop institutional capability for assessment, evaluation, certification and rating of core devices.
✅ Monitoring of Supply chain of integrated circuits.
✅ Product testing and certification needs to be enhanced.
✅ The supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) security should be integrated with enterprise security.
✅ A minimum allocation of 0.25% of the annual budget is required for cyber security.
✅ Holding cyber security drills to tackle crisis management.
✅ Create cyber security services under Indian enginerring services.
✅ Cyber insurance to address risk.
✅ Cyber diplomacy.
✅ Setting up exclusive court to deal with cyber investigation.
Security Strategy. (Answer in 250 words) 15
✅ Cyber Security is protecting cyber space including critical information infrastructure from attack, damage, misuse and economic espionage.
▪️Elemets of Cyber security Architecture:
✅ Network Elements: Network nodes like computers, NICs, repeaters, hubs, bridges, switches, routers, modems, gateways.
✅ Security Elements: like firewalls, Intrusion Detection/Protection Systems [IDS/IPS], encryption/decryption devices.
✅ Security Frameworks & Standards: Cybersecurity framework architecture standards like NIST Risk Management Framework Vulnerabilities to the
▪️ Architecture:
✅ Data Diddling: Attack floods systems, servers, or networks with traffic to exhaust resources and bandwidth.
✅ Ransom ware: Blocks access to key components of the network and demand money to unlock it.
✅ Phishing: The goal is to steal sensitive data like credit card and login information or to install malware on the victim’s machine
✅ Malware: Covertly obtains information by transmitting data from the hard drive (spyware) National cyber security strategy to ensure a safe, secure, trusted, resilient, and vibrant cyberspace for India.
✅ Security by Design:- To develop institutional capability for assessment, evaluation, certification and rating of core devices.
✅ Monitoring of Supply chain of integrated circuits.
✅ Product testing and certification needs to be enhanced.
✅ The supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) security should be integrated with enterprise security.
✅ A minimum allocation of 0.25% of the annual budget is required for cyber security.
✅ Holding cyber security drills to tackle crisis management.
✅ Create cyber security services under Indian enginerring services.
✅ Cyber insurance to address risk.
✅ Cyber diplomacy.
✅ Setting up exclusive court to deal with cyber investigation.
👍5
Q. “Economic growth in the recent past has been led by increase in labour productivity”. Explain this statement. Suggest the growth pattern that will lead to creation of more jobs without compromising labour productivity. [250 Words] [15 Marks]
✅In the post liberalization period, our economic growth increased to 6% in 1990s and then it touched 7% to 8% in the 2000 decade. But this higher growth was mainly driven by service sector (IT, telecom, finance etc.) which touched 10% while agriculture and manufacturing sector remained around 3% and 5% respectively.
✅Our economic growth is being termed as jobless growth with the declining employment elasticity which is the ratio of percentage change in employment to percentage change in GDP.
✅So, India has been the fastest growing economy but without creation of much jobs.
✅This means that we are able
to produce more output with the same amount of labour which proves that our labour productivity has increased.
✅Labour productivity = Output (GDP)/Labour As the output is increasing without the increase in labour/employment, this means that our economic growth is driven by an increase in productivity of labour.
✅And our labour is becoming more productive because of use of more capital/machines.
✅But with growing population and workforce, India needs to create more jobs and for that our growth should come from the following sectors:
🔸 Labour intensive manufacturing like textiles, footwear, toys etc.
🔸Shifting to high value agriculture crops like livestock, dairy, fisheries, horticulture etc.
🔸 Surplus labour should shift from agriculture to non-farm jobs like food processing, storage infrastructure, logistics, unskilled manufacturing etc.
🔸 Shifting to precision and smart farming techniques
🔸Building rural infrastructure and integrating with global supply chains which can increase our share of exports from the present level of 21% of GDP.
🔸Government should focus on building infrastructure and reducing logistics cost.
Government should focus more on infrastructure and logistics which can make the economy more efficient and, in the process, increasing the overall labour productivity and gains to the overall economy.
✅In the post liberalization period, our economic growth increased to 6% in 1990s and then it touched 7% to 8% in the 2000 decade. But this higher growth was mainly driven by service sector (IT, telecom, finance etc.) which touched 10% while agriculture and manufacturing sector remained around 3% and 5% respectively.
✅Our economic growth is being termed as jobless growth with the declining employment elasticity which is the ratio of percentage change in employment to percentage change in GDP.
✅So, India has been the fastest growing economy but without creation of much jobs.
✅This means that we are able
to produce more output with the same amount of labour which proves that our labour productivity has increased.
✅Labour productivity = Output (GDP)/Labour As the output is increasing without the increase in labour/employment, this means that our economic growth is driven by an increase in productivity of labour.
✅And our labour is becoming more productive because of use of more capital/machines.
✅But with growing population and workforce, India needs to create more jobs and for that our growth should come from the following sectors:
🔸 Labour intensive manufacturing like textiles, footwear, toys etc.
🔸Shifting to high value agriculture crops like livestock, dairy, fisheries, horticulture etc.
🔸 Surplus labour should shift from agriculture to non-farm jobs like food processing, storage infrastructure, logistics, unskilled manufacturing etc.
🔸 Shifting to precision and smart farming techniques
🔸Building rural infrastructure and integrating with global supply chains which can increase our share of exports from the present level of 21% of GDP.
🔸Government should focus on building infrastructure and reducing logistics cost.
Government should focus more on infrastructure and logistics which can make the economy more efficient and, in the process, increasing the overall labour productivity and gains to the overall economy.
🥰5👍4
#GS4 #Ethics #CSM21
Q12. Pawan is working as an officer in the State Government for the last ten years. As a part of routine transfer, he was posted to another department. He joined in a new office along with five other colleagues. The head of the office was a senior officer conversant with the functioning of the office. As a part of general inquiry, Pawan gathered that his senior officer carries the reputation of being difficult and insensitive person having his own disturbed family life. Initially, all seemed to go well. However, after some time Pawan felt that the senior officer was belittling him and at times unreasonable. Whatever suggestions given or views expressed by Pawan in the meetings were summarily rejected and the senior officer would express displeasure in the presence of others. It became a pattern of boss’ style of functioning to show him in bad light highlighting his shortcomings and humiliating publicly. It became apparent that though there were no serious work-related problems/shortcomings, the senior officer was always on one pretext or the other and would scold and shout at him. The continuous harassment and public criticism of Pawan resulted in loss of confidence, self-esteem and equanimity. Pawan realised that his relation with his senior officer was becoming more toxic and due to this, he felt perpetually tensed, anxious and stressed. His mind was occupied with negativity and caused him mental torture, anguish and agony. Eventually, it badly affected his personal and family life. He was no longer joyous, happy and contented even at home. Rather without any reason he would lose his temper with his wife and other family members. The family environment was no longer pleasant and congenial. His wife who was always supportive to him also became a victim of his negativity and hostile behaviour. Due to harassment and humiliation suffered by him in the office, comfort and happiness virtually vanished from his life. Thus, it damaged his physical and mental health.
(a) What are the options available with Pawan to cope with the situation?
(b) What approach Pawan should adopt for bringing peace, tranquility and congenial environment in the office and home?
(c) As an outsider, what are your suggestions for both boss and subordinate to overcome this situation and for improving the work performance, mental and emotional hygiene?
(d) In the above scenario, what type of training would you suggest for officers at various levels in the government offices?
Q12. Pawan is working as an officer in the State Government for the last ten years. As a part of routine transfer, he was posted to another department. He joined in a new office along with five other colleagues. The head of the office was a senior officer conversant with the functioning of the office. As a part of general inquiry, Pawan gathered that his senior officer carries the reputation of being difficult and insensitive person having his own disturbed family life. Initially, all seemed to go well. However, after some time Pawan felt that the senior officer was belittling him and at times unreasonable. Whatever suggestions given or views expressed by Pawan in the meetings were summarily rejected and the senior officer would express displeasure in the presence of others. It became a pattern of boss’ style of functioning to show him in bad light highlighting his shortcomings and humiliating publicly. It became apparent that though there were no serious work-related problems/shortcomings, the senior officer was always on one pretext or the other and would scold and shout at him. The continuous harassment and public criticism of Pawan resulted in loss of confidence, self-esteem and equanimity. Pawan realised that his relation with his senior officer was becoming more toxic and due to this, he felt perpetually tensed, anxious and stressed. His mind was occupied with negativity and caused him mental torture, anguish and agony. Eventually, it badly affected his personal and family life. He was no longer joyous, happy and contented even at home. Rather without any reason he would lose his temper with his wife and other family members. The family environment was no longer pleasant and congenial. His wife who was always supportive to him also became a victim of his negativity and hostile behaviour. Due to harassment and humiliation suffered by him in the office, comfort and happiness virtually vanished from his life. Thus, it damaged his physical and mental health.
(a) What are the options available with Pawan to cope with the situation?
(b) What approach Pawan should adopt for bringing peace, tranquility and congenial environment in the office and home?
(c) As an outsider, what are your suggestions for both boss and subordinate to overcome this situation and for improving the work performance, mental and emotional hygiene?
(d) In the above scenario, what type of training would you suggest for officers at various levels in the government offices?
❤5👍4
UPSC MAINS ANSWER WRITING PRACTICE
#GS4 #Ethics #CSM21 Q12. Pawan is working as an officer in the State Government for the last ten years. As a part of routine transfer, he was posted to another department. He joined in a new office along with five other colleagues. The head of the office…
The presented case study exhibits the case of abuse of authority, lack of emotional intelligence, poor work culture and inability to demarcate between personal and professional life.
(a) Following options are available to Pawan to cope up with the situation:
▪️Address the root cause of the problem and talk with his senior about issues he is facing.
▪️He may take leave from office, discuss the issue with his colleagues in other services and then re-join. This will give a short respite to Pawan, but the problem will continue.
▪️He may seek transfer to another department, which might be an administrative decision, with little control of Pawan over it.
▪️Ignore his senior at work, which will affect his coordination and quality of work. This may also show him as incompetent.
▪️The last resort may be to resign from his current position. This will highlight his attitude of escapism and lack of courage. His personal responsibilities would also suffer.
(b) Approach Pawan should adopt
At office:
▪️He should introspect his behaviour, as to whether his actions are annoying his senior and what is the behaviour of his senior towards other newly transferred colleagues.
▪️ This will give him a thought clarity.
▪️Pawan should try talking to his seniors (boss’ colleagues) and explain his actions and at the same time understand his boss’ temperament. This will give opportunity for course correction to Pawan and his senior.
▪️If both the above suggestions do not work out, then Pawan should lodge a written complaint to his boss’ senior and make the superior boss aware of all the happenings.
At home:
▪️Pawan should try segregating his professional and personal life. He should evolve his emotional intelligence quotient.
▪️He should talk to his family members, wife about the issues he is facing at the workplace. The family members should try to understand and support him through his difficulties. This will bring peace, tranquility, and a congenial environment both at his office and at home.
(c) As an outsider, my suggestion
To boss:
▪️One should act and behave as a leader and represent himself/herself as an example. Developing emotional intelligence in this aspect is very necessary.
▪️Subordinates are the working force behind every organisation. As an authority/senior, one must respect the subordinates or the juniors.
▪️Constructive criticism goes a long way in shaping an organisation or one’s life. Belittling someone to show oneself as superior always gives out a bad example.
▪️Appreciating good work is not only ethically warranted but also creates positive energy amongst team members.
To subordinates:
▪️Do not let the professional and personal life merge. Work related issues should not hamper the personal space and vice-versa.
▪️Nothing comes above self-respect. Constructive criticism is welcomed, but not demeaning. When at workplace, one should work with utmost dedication and commitment.
(d) Following types of training can be given to the officers in government offices:
▪️Sensitivity Training: Officials should be sensitised about how their actions impact people around them. Mental health issues should be kept in mind.
▪️Role-playing Training: To be a people’s officer or a successful bureaucrat, one must investigate the situation from other’s perspective and understand their problems and constraints. This will always provide a constructive decision in decision making.
▪️Assertiveness Training: Officials should exercise authority without being condescending to others. They should build team spirit and foster cooperation.
▪️Communication Training: Using verbal and non-verbal cues for effective communication. The motive of this is to increase positivity in outlook, promote inclusiveness and make work culture conducive for performance.
(a) Following options are available to Pawan to cope up with the situation:
▪️Address the root cause of the problem and talk with his senior about issues he is facing.
▪️He may take leave from office, discuss the issue with his colleagues in other services and then re-join. This will give a short respite to Pawan, but the problem will continue.
▪️He may seek transfer to another department, which might be an administrative decision, with little control of Pawan over it.
▪️Ignore his senior at work, which will affect his coordination and quality of work. This may also show him as incompetent.
▪️The last resort may be to resign from his current position. This will highlight his attitude of escapism and lack of courage. His personal responsibilities would also suffer.
(b) Approach Pawan should adopt
At office:
▪️He should introspect his behaviour, as to whether his actions are annoying his senior and what is the behaviour of his senior towards other newly transferred colleagues.
▪️ This will give him a thought clarity.
▪️Pawan should try talking to his seniors (boss’ colleagues) and explain his actions and at the same time understand his boss’ temperament. This will give opportunity for course correction to Pawan and his senior.
▪️If both the above suggestions do not work out, then Pawan should lodge a written complaint to his boss’ senior and make the superior boss aware of all the happenings.
At home:
▪️Pawan should try segregating his professional and personal life. He should evolve his emotional intelligence quotient.
▪️He should talk to his family members, wife about the issues he is facing at the workplace. The family members should try to understand and support him through his difficulties. This will bring peace, tranquility, and a congenial environment both at his office and at home.
(c) As an outsider, my suggestion
To boss:
▪️One should act and behave as a leader and represent himself/herself as an example. Developing emotional intelligence in this aspect is very necessary.
▪️Subordinates are the working force behind every organisation. As an authority/senior, one must respect the subordinates or the juniors.
▪️Constructive criticism goes a long way in shaping an organisation or one’s life. Belittling someone to show oneself as superior always gives out a bad example.
▪️Appreciating good work is not only ethically warranted but also creates positive energy amongst team members.
To subordinates:
▪️Do not let the professional and personal life merge. Work related issues should not hamper the personal space and vice-versa.
▪️Nothing comes above self-respect. Constructive criticism is welcomed, but not demeaning. When at workplace, one should work with utmost dedication and commitment.
(d) Following types of training can be given to the officers in government offices:
▪️Sensitivity Training: Officials should be sensitised about how their actions impact people around them. Mental health issues should be kept in mind.
▪️Role-playing Training: To be a people’s officer or a successful bureaucrat, one must investigate the situation from other’s perspective and understand their problems and constraints. This will always provide a constructive decision in decision making.
▪️Assertiveness Training: Officials should exercise authority without being condescending to others. They should build team spirit and foster cooperation.
▪️Communication Training: Using verbal and non-verbal cues for effective communication. The motive of this is to increase positivity in outlook, promote inclusiveness and make work culture conducive for performance.
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UPSC MAINS ANSWER WRITING PRACTICE
#GS1 #History #CSM21 Q13.There arose a serious challenge to the Democratic State System between the two World Wars.” Evaluate the statement.
The period between two world wars was relatively short, yet featured many significant social, political, and economic changes throughout the world. Politically, the era coincided with the rise of communism, starting in Russia with the October Revolution and Russian Civil War, at the end of World War I.
Challenges to democratic system:
▪️The conditions of economic hardship caused by the Great Depression brought about significant social unrest around the world, leading to a major surge of fascism and in many cases, the collapse of democratic governments.
▪️In the 1930s the breakdown of the League of Nations, the rise of aggressive dictatorships posed a serious threat to democracy throughout the world.
▪️After the Nazis took power and implemented their anti-semitic ideology and policies, the Jewish community was increasingly persecuted. In 1936, Jews were banned from all professional jobs, effectively preventing them from participating in education, politics, higher education and industry.
▪️The Spanish Civil War, (1936–39) was a military revolt against the Republican government of Spain, supported by conservative elements within the country. When an initial military coup failed to win control of the entire country, a bloody civil war ensued.
▪️The name most commonly given to a far-right movement and political party in Romania in the period from 1927 into the early part of World War II. It was ultra-nationalist, anti-semitic, anti-communist, anti-capitalist, and promoted the Orthodox Christian faith. Its members were called “Greenshirts’’ because of the predominantly green uniforms they wore.
▪️Fascism also expanded its influence outside Europe, especially in East Asia, the Middle East, and South America. In China, Wang Jingwei’s Kai-tsu p’ai (Reorganization) faction of the Kuomintang (Nationalist Party of China) supported Nazism in the late 1930s.
The efforts of the League of Nations failed to maintain peace after the first world war. Eventually, Hitler’s invasion of Poland in September 1939 drove Great Britain and France to declare war on Germany, marking the beginning of World War II.
Challenges to democratic system:
▪️The conditions of economic hardship caused by the Great Depression brought about significant social unrest around the world, leading to a major surge of fascism and in many cases, the collapse of democratic governments.
▪️In the 1930s the breakdown of the League of Nations, the rise of aggressive dictatorships posed a serious threat to democracy throughout the world.
▪️After the Nazis took power and implemented their anti-semitic ideology and policies, the Jewish community was increasingly persecuted. In 1936, Jews were banned from all professional jobs, effectively preventing them from participating in education, politics, higher education and industry.
▪️The Spanish Civil War, (1936–39) was a military revolt against the Republican government of Spain, supported by conservative elements within the country. When an initial military coup failed to win control of the entire country, a bloody civil war ensued.
▪️The name most commonly given to a far-right movement and political party in Romania in the period from 1927 into the early part of World War II. It was ultra-nationalist, anti-semitic, anti-communist, anti-capitalist, and promoted the Orthodox Christian faith. Its members were called “Greenshirts’’ because of the predominantly green uniforms they wore.
▪️Fascism also expanded its influence outside Europe, especially in East Asia, the Middle East, and South America. In China, Wang Jingwei’s Kai-tsu p’ai (Reorganization) faction of the Kuomintang (Nationalist Party of China) supported Nazism in the late 1930s.
The efforts of the League of Nations failed to maintain peace after the first world war. Eventually, Hitler’s invasion of Poland in September 1939 drove Great Britain and France to declare war on Germany, marking the beginning of World War II.
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#GS3 #Agriculture #CSM21
Q14.What are the present challenges before crop diversification? How do emerging technologies provide an opportunity for crop diversification?
Q14.What are the present challenges before crop diversification? How do emerging technologies provide an opportunity for crop diversification?