#History@CurrentLegalGK
The Adversarial system was not known in India. In the Hindu or the Mohamedan system the judge took an active role in eliciting the truth as in the Continental systems. The theory of the common law " that justice can best be achieved by giving each party the fullest opportunity to present his own case " was brought into vogue in India by the English. The Civil and Criminal Procedure Codes of India and the law of evidence enacted in the latter half of the nineteenth century are in conformity with this common law doctrine.
The Adversarial system was not known in India. In the Hindu or the Mohamedan system the judge took an active role in eliciting the truth as in the Continental systems. The theory of the common law " that justice can best be achieved by giving each party the fullest opportunity to present his own case " was brought into vogue in India by the English. The Civil and Criminal Procedure Codes of India and the law of evidence enacted in the latter half of the nineteenth century are in conformity with this common law doctrine.
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โ Case: Hyder Ali v.State of Karnataka, 2024
167 CrPC: Not less than 10 years and 187 BNSS: 10 years or More โโ>
Means threshold period of 10 Years.
BOTH ARE SAME NO CHANGE IN NEW LAW.
Reason for the aforesaid issue :
The offence in the case at hand, does not bear a
minimum threshold sentence of ten years, but is extendable or to an extent of ten years, which would mean, discretion available to the concerned Court to impose punishment up to ten years. Therefore, the
minimum threshold is not ten years.
1. 10 or More means Minimum is 10 years.
2. Extend to 10 years means 1 to 10 years.
Both are different
In minimum 10 years it is 90 days and in upto 10 years it is 60 days maximum custody.
Again repeating no change in new law both are same 167 and 187.
Must be interpreted in the light of Article 21.
@CurrentLegalGK
Custody period Judgmentโ Case: Hyder Ali v.State of Karnataka, 2024
167 CrPC: Not less than 10 years and 187 BNSS: 10 years or More โโ>
Means threshold period of 10 Years.
BOTH ARE SAME NO CHANGE IN NEW LAW.
Reason for the aforesaid issue :
The offence in the case at hand, does not bear a
minimum threshold sentence of ten years, but is extendable or to an extent of ten years, which would mean, discretion available to the concerned Court to impose punishment up to ten years. Therefore, the
minimum threshold is not ten years.
1. 10 or More means Minimum is 10 years.
2. Extend to 10 years means 1 to 10 years.
Both are different
In minimum 10 years it is 90 days and in upto 10 years it is 60 days maximum custody.
Again repeating no change in new law both are same 167 and 187.
Must be interpreted in the light of Article 21.
@CurrentLegalGK
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Indiana Pi Bill.pdf
63.1 KB
ฯ Indiana Pi Bill The bill introduced in State of indiana - U.S.A. to change the value of Pi itself. ๐
But do you think law can be made to amend maths on science?
#Discernible_Topics@CurrentLegalGK
Why SC quashed a Rajasthan govt notification that created revenue villages named after individuals ๐
#explained_law #express_explained
#explained_law #express_explained
Express Explained
Why SC quashed a Rajasthan govt notification that created revenue villages named after individuals
The Bench of Justices Sanjay Kumar and Alok Aradhe last week set aside the order of the division Bench of the Rajasthan High Court that had allowed the villages to retain their names
Amazonโs stingless bees become the first insect to be granted legal rights: What does it mean? ๐
#explained_global #express_explained
#explained_global #express_explained
Express Explained
Amazonโs stingless bees become the first insect to be granted legal rights: What does it mean?
tingless bees, as their name suggests, are a class of bees which either do not have stingers or have stingers that cannot cause much pain. They are found in tropical regions across the world, and about half of the 500 known species live in the Amazon
Section 44(3) of the DPDP Act: Cloaking Indiaโs right to know in secrecy
Ironically, citizen data rights under the DPDP Act are delayed till May 2027, but the RTI dilution is immediate.
https://www.barandbench.com/columns/section-443-of-the-dpdp-act-cloaking-indias-right-to-know-in-secrecy
Ironically, citizen data rights under the DPDP Act are delayed till May 2027, but the RTI dilution is immediate.
https://www.barandbench.com/columns/section-443-of-the-dpdp-act-cloaking-indias-right-to-know-in-secrecy
Bar and Bench - Indian Legal news
Section 44(3) of the DPDP Act: Cloaking Indiaโs right to know in secrecy
When a farmer in rural Maharashtra used the Right to Information Act, 2005 (RTI), to expose embezzled wages under the MGNREGA scheme, it showed how an ordinary
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Not in order of ranks.
1. Har Har Mahadev.
2. Renu Chaudhary.
3. Khushbu Gupta
4. Divya Bansal.
5. P82228
6. Jay Kumar Singhal.
7. Sachijaa.
8. Saksham.
9. Prakriti Malik.
10. Neeha.
11. Choti.
12. Swagat.
13. Shubhi.
14. Unknown (dot)
15. Priya.
16. Rupreet kaur.
17. Abhishek Pandey ji.
18. OG.
19. Hritika.
20. Sushmita.
21. Dharm Yadav.
22. Samb sada shiv.
23. Priyanka.
24. Ayush.
25. Aletta.
26. Shraddha.
Some did consistently for 80+ days some did for 50 days and some for 30 days, atleast you tried but remember our motto.
๐งโโ๏ธ๐งโโ๏ธ
That practice becomes firmly grounded when pursued for a long time, without interruption, and with sincere devotion.
~Yoga Sutras of Patanjali, Sutra 1.14
Congratulations ๐ ๐
By bye 2025 It was a great year for me as well, looking for a robust 2026 ahead.
New Year New Challenge is awaiting....
Whenever you waste time Self guilt is must... sharing your goals and able to complete them gives immense satisfaction, learning from others goals also helps you a lot.
Dates: 1st Jan to 31st March
Challenge:
โ Wake up 6 AM take bath Post your goals (in detail for more clarity on plans).
โComplete them by 11 PM
โ Post what you did complete and what you didn't.
โโNew addition: Share one conceptual Question on law subject along with your completion post.
New Tip: if you want to avoid mobile distraction make a timelapse video of yourself for 3 days (consistent) in a go the effect will be that you will on a constant watch to do something productive and mobile will be kept away.
Any suggestions are welcome- Share them by tomorrow morning.
As always meritorious candidates are rewarded in our groups, we don't let the merit go away without paying it off.
โณ๐ To start the challenge:
@NinetyDaysPledge
Winner's of the this year last quarter challenge are as follows.๐Really it is a tough task to do
Not in order of ranks.
1. Har Har Mahadev.
2. Renu Chaudhary.
3. Khushbu Gupta
4. Divya Bansal.
5. P82228
6. Jay Kumar Singhal.
7. Sachijaa.
8. Saksham.
9. Prakriti Malik.
10. Neeha.
11. Choti.
12. Swagat.
13. Shubhi.
14. Unknown (dot)
15. Priya.
16. Rupreet kaur.
17. Abhishek Pandey ji.
18. OG.
19. Hritika.
20. Sushmita.
21. Dharm Yadav.
22. Samb sada shiv.
23. Priyanka.
24. Ayush.
25. Aletta.
26. Shraddha.
Some did consistently for 80+ days some did for 50 days and some for 30 days, atleast you tried but remember our motto.
๐งโโ๏ธ๐งโโ๏ธ
เคธ เคคเฅ เคฆเฅเคฐเฅเคเคเคพเคฒเคจเฅเคฐเคจเฅเคคเคฐเฅเคฏเคธเคคเฅเคเคพเคฐเคพเคธเฅเคตเคฟเคคเฅ เคฆเฅเคขเคญเฅเคฎเคฟเคเฅฅ
That practice becomes firmly grounded when pursued for a long time, without interruption, and with sincere devotion.
~Yoga Sutras of Patanjali, Sutra 1.14
Congratulations ๐ ๐
By bye 2025 It was a great year for me as well, looking for a robust 2026 ahead.
New Year New Challenge is awaiting....
Whenever you waste time Self guilt is must... sharing your goals and able to complete them gives immense satisfaction, learning from others goals also helps you a lot.
New Challenge
Dates: 1st Jan to 31st March
Challenge:
โ Wake up 6 AM take bath Post your goals (in detail for more clarity on plans).
โComplete them by 11 PM
โ Post what you did complete and what you didn't.
โโNew addition: Share one conceptual Question on law subject along with your completion post.
New Tip: if you want to avoid mobile distraction make a timelapse video of yourself for 3 days (consistent) in a go the effect will be that you will on a constant watch to do something productive and mobile will be kept away.
Any suggestions are welcome- Share them by tomorrow morning.
As always meritorious candidates are rewarded in our groups, we don't let the merit go away without paying it off.
โณ๐ To start the challenge:
@NinetyDaysPledge
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cpa.pdf
10.4 MB
The Consumer Protection (Consumer Disputes
Redressal Commissions) Rules, 2020.
The Consumer Protection (Central Consumer
Protection Council) Rules, 2020
The Consumer Protection mediation rules 2020
#Acts@CurrentLegalGK
Redressal Commissions) Rules, 2020.
The Consumer Protection (Central Consumer
Protection Council) Rules, 2020
The Consumer Protection mediation rules 2020
#Acts@CurrentLegalGK
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Split Verdicts Given By Supreme Court In 2025
https://www.livelaw.in/digests/Yearly-digests/split-verdicts-given-by-supreme-court-in-2025-516650
https://www.livelaw.in/digests/Yearly-digests/split-verdicts-given-by-supreme-court-in-2025-516650
www.livelaw.in
Split Verdicts Given By Supreme Court In 2025
Reports/JudgmentsTahir Hussain's Interim Bail : Supreme Court Delivers Split Verdict, Referred To Larger BenchCase Title: Mohd Tahir Hussain v. State of NCT of DelhiCitation: 2025 LiveLaw (SC) 106A...
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Supreme Court Yearly Digest 2025 On Murder Trial
https://www.livelaw.in/supreme-court/supreme-court-judgment-murder-trial-cases-annual-digest2025-516649
https://www.livelaw.in/supreme-court/supreme-court-judgment-murder-trial-cases-annual-digest2025-516649
www.livelaw.in
Supreme Court Yearly Digest 2025 On Murder Trial
Appellant-accused was sentenced to death for murder and rape of the victim under section 302, 376 and 397 of the IPC - Faulty Investigation - i. identity of accused could not be sufficiently...
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Supreme Court Annual Round Up 2025: Civil Procedure Code, 1908
https://www.livelaw.in/supreme-court/supreme-court-annual-round-up-2025-civil-procedure-code-1908-516740
https://www.livelaw.in/supreme-court/supreme-court-annual-round-up-2025-civil-procedure-code-1908-516740
www.livelaw.in
Supreme Court Annual Round Up 2025: Civil Procedure Code, 1908
1. Order XLI Rule 27 CPC | Appellate Courts Must First Examine Pleadings Before Allowing Additional Evidence : Supreme CourtThe Supreme Court held that appellate courts cannot permit additional...
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Does secularism needs to be manifested in state practices by officials composition expressly?May be for justice must not only be done but seen to have been done.
Lord Hewart, Rex v. Sussex Justices, [1924] 1 KB 256.
"Reminds me of Ramjanmbhoomi temple case" (5 Judges, 5 Religions)
But Heavily criticised because officials acts in official capacity under oath which includes secularism principles.
Do you thing changing times of extreme communalism must lead to change in approach of law? I don't think so because these type of circumstances were already there before as well, yes misuse happens but larger official duty remians there with checks.
https://www.livelaw.in/top-stories/supreme-court-delivers-split-verdict-on-maharashtra-govt-review-plea-against-order-constituting-sit-comprising-both-hindu-muslim-officers-309163
3JB Stayed the direction... Matter pending.
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137-rajesh-yadav-v-state-of-up-4-feb-2022-409303.pdf
267.3 KB
Landmark judgment on Evidence Act, it explains lots of principles of evidence.
#BSA@CurrentLegalGK
RAJESH YADAV VERSUS STATE OF U.P. 2022.
#BSA@CurrentLegalGK
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S.138 Negotiable Instruments Act | Supreme Court Round-Up 2025 : Judgments On Cheque Dishonour Cases
https://www.livelaw.in/top-stories/s138-negotiable-instruments-act-supreme-court-round-up-2025-judgments-on-cheque-dishonour-cases-516094
#NIA@CurrentLegalGK
https://www.livelaw.in/top-stories/s138-negotiable-instruments-act-supreme-court-round-up-2025-judgments-on-cheque-dishonour-cases-516094
#NIA@CurrentLegalGK
www.livelaw.in
S.138 Negotiable Instruments Act | Supreme Court Round-Up 2025 : Judgments On Cheque Dishonour Cases
Company Independent and Non-Executive Directors Aren't Automatically Liable Upon Filing Of ComplaintIn KS Mehta Vs. Morgan Securities and Credits Pvt. Ltd., 2025 LiveLaw (SC) 286, a bench of...
#Question@CurrentLegalGK
Accused committed offence which was an offence in year 2023 but amendment came in 2024 to enhance punishment, in 2025 trial court passes Judgment convicting him under enhanced punishment.
Will Article 20(1) apply?
Accused committed offence which was an offence in year 2023 but amendment came in 2024 to enhance punishment, in 2025 trial court passes Judgment convicting him under enhanced punishment.
Will Article 20(1) apply?
36334_2024_5_1502_60076_Judgement_07-Mar-2025.pdf
159.1 KB
1. IPC AND POCSO INTERPLAY
2. COURTS CANNOT ENHANCE PUNISHMENT IF NOT PRAYED BY STATE
#POCSO@CurrentLegalGK
2. COURTS CANNOT ENHANCE PUNISHMENT IF NOT PRAYED BY STATE
#POCSO@CurrentLegalGK
#IOS@CurrentLegalGK
Section 26. of general clauses act.
Provision as to offences punishable under two or more enactments.โWhere an act or omission constitutes an offence under two or more enactments, then the offender shall be liable to be prosecuted and punished under either or any of those enactments, but shall not be liable to be punished twice for the same offence.
HOW and WHY then courts 'CONVICT' accused under both IPC and and POCSO/other special statute.
#Question@CurrentLegalGK
Section 26. of general clauses act.
Provision as to offences punishable under two or more enactments.โWhere an act or omission constitutes an offence under two or more enactments, then the offender shall be liable to be prosecuted and punished under either or any of those enactments, but shall not be liable to be punished twice for the same offence.
HOW and WHY then courts 'CONVICT' accused under both IPC and and POCSO/other special statute.
#Question@CurrentLegalGK
#Tip@CurrentLegalGK
Find the only applicable judgment and not list of judgments for research.
"Law is based on quality and not quantity"
Find the only applicable judgment and not list of judgments for research.
"Law is based on quality and not quantity"
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Supreme Court Yearly Digest 2025 On Evidence Act & BSA
https://www.livelaw.in/supreme-court/supreme-court-judgments-annual-digest-evidence-act-and-bsa-2025-516774
https://www.livelaw.in/supreme-court/supreme-court-judgments-annual-digest-evidence-act-and-bsa-2025-516774
www.livelaw.in
Supreme Court Yearly Digest 2025 On Evidence Act & BSA
Evidence Law Circumstantial Evidence - Last Seen Theory - Absence of Test Identification Parade (TIP) - Value of Scientific Evidence โ Principles - The Supreme Court reiterated the 'five...