๐•ƒ๐”ผ๐”พ๐”ธ๐•ƒ โ„‚๐•Œโ„โ„๐”ผโ„•๐•‹ ๐”ธ๐”ฝ๐”ฝ๐”ธ๐•€โ„๐•Š ๐”น๐•ช- โ„•๐•’๐•ฅ๐•ฆ๐•ฃ๐•’๐• ๐•๐•ฆ๐•ค๐•ฅ๐•š๐•”๐•– โ„ข
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๐Ÿ“ฒ Contact โ†’ @CurrentLegalGKBOT

๐Ÿ‘จโ€โš– Filtered Information Brings Clarity.

๐ŸŒTHE BEST FROM ALL LEGAL UPDATES BY EOD.

"Finding Quintessence of all possible POVs of provisions and Precedents
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๐Ÿง  Daily Quiz โ†’ @LegalQuizzes

โณ๐Ÿš€ Enjoy Learning!
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๐Ÿ‘ฎ๐Ÿš”๐Ÿšจ Central Bureau of Investigation
https://cbi.gov.in/about-us?search=what-we-do

Read in brief history and its jurisdiction of works.

Explore Extradition and Mutual Legal Assistance in Criminal matters Agreements (MLATs), INTERPOL, Wanted and FIR with some famous cases dealt.

CBI takes up/gets lot of cases so it is important to know about its functioning and also about how many personells are working.

#International_law #Investigating_agency
@CurrentLegalGK
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โ›”๐Ÿ‘ฉโ€โš–๏ธ Sentencing without Remission

Which Courtโ“
Only Constitutional courts can Order this that is High court and supreme court

๐Ÿ’ฏ Cases-
Swami Shradhananda v. State of Karnataka, 2008

L.I. is less due to 14 year remission (misuse) and death was more there was a Gap (casus ommissus) so by Judicial creativity L.I. w/o remission was granted to fill the vaccum.

๐Ÿง  Reasons for innovation-
1. Proportionality of sentence qua crime committed.
2. Unruly exercise of remission power
.

๐Ÿ’ฏ Case UOI v. Sriharan
Article 72 or Article 161 of the Constitution will always be available
being Constitutional Remedies untouchable by the Court.

๐Ÿ’€ #Question
Can Governor Pardon Death Penalty?

@CurrentLegalGK
๐Ÿ‘5๐Ÿ‘Œ1๐Ÿ˜1
๐•ƒ๐”ผ๐”พ๐”ธ๐•ƒ โ„‚๐•Œโ„โ„๐”ผโ„•๐•‹ ๐”ธ๐”ฝ๐”ฝ๐”ธ๐•€โ„๐•Š ๐”น๐•ช- โ„•๐•’๐•ฅ๐•ฆ๐•ฃ๐•’๐• ๐•๐•ฆ๐•ค๐•ฅ๐•š๐•”๐•– โ„ข
View Of Coordinate Bench Of Same HC Can't Be Ignored: Supreme Court Quashes Preventive Detention Over Non-Supply Of WhatsApp Chats https://www.livelaw.in/supreme-court/view-of-coordinate-bench-of-same-hc-cant-be-ignored-supreme-court-quashes-preventive-detentionโ€ฆ
๐Ÿ‘จโ€โš–๏ธ๐Ÿ‘ฉโ€โš–๏ธ Coordinate Bench Judgment cannot be ignored if facts are similar

Supreme Court relied upon Official Liquidator v. Dayanand and Others, 2008


๐Ÿ’€ Situationโ€” The learned Single Judges and Benches of the High Courts refuse to follow and accept the verdict and law laid down by coordinate and even larger Benches by citing minor difference in the facts as the ground for doing so." 

๐Ÿ“Š Staire Decisis โ€” "It must be remembered that predictability and certainty is an important hallmark of judicial jurisprudence developed in this country in the last six decades and increase in the frequency of conflicting judgments of the superior judiciary will do incalculable harm to the system inasmuch as the courts at the grass roots will not be able to decide as to which of the judgments lay down the correct law and which one should be followed."


๐Ÿง  Solutionโ€” Justice Gavai concluded by stating that if the second division bench was of the view that the decision taken by coordinate bench was not correct in law, the only option was reference to a larger bench.


@CurrentLegalGK
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๐Ÿ˜‰๐Ÿ“Œ #Tips #Answer_Writing

๐ŸŽฏ Introduction Must hit the Bull's Eye (Demand of Question in simplest Legal Manner)

1. Instead of writing Hereinafter referred to as CPC or BNS you can also write (In short CPC) or
(For Brevity CPC)

2. Make List of Idioms and phrases ohrases which are easy and catchy and write them in essay regardless of topics.

3. Stick to Basic structure of answer:-
โœ“Object of Law --> PROLOGUE
โœ“ Latin Maxim and meaning or origin of the word like Bail.
โœ“ Define them is not defined anywhere in law by citing case or dictionary.
โœ“Sections/Orders/Article (provision)
โœ“ Ingredients/essentials and their brief explanation
โœ“ Connecting provisions (only if needed for question)
โœ“ Case law can either be mentioned separately or while discussing essentials (latter is good)
โœ“ Laways cite a case of Indian court whilst citing Very famous known English Case (unique bano sub aise nahi krenge and simple question me alag krna hai)

โœ“ Conclusion can be a summary or remark on importance, misuse of provision or how to exercise this power.

4. Time is the Ultimate Game but not the only one remember to balance accuracy.

5. Look for sections in every terminology and mention them in bracket it will surely enhance your marks.

6. For handwriting- Write clear by this I mean every letter must be visible clearly and always try to think you have to write straight on the line and you have to write every word with best efforts.

Handwriting- Remember Everyone can write better it is just that some take efforts some doesn't.

7. Stick to Word Limit and Connect Inter bare act provisions if needed TPA/ICA/SRA, CPC/LIMTN, BNS/BNSS/BSA,

8. Stick to the Topic and never try to mention wrong Provision or Fact though in Essay you can mention Report name with "estimated" adjective.


9. Stamina Is a Must whenever you feel it is tiring think that this is going to be worth after 1/2 hours and if not then it is going to be worst regretting part.

10. Have Confidence in factual Questions they are really scoring
just read twice and observe every word.

11. Connect each Paragraph by connective sentences to make the flow

12. Mention the amendment from which that particular portion of section is inserted, if any.

13. Use of Punctuation qround 5 to 6 common on right place is must, it reflects formal writing
.

14. Spacing is important, key words can be highlighted by underlining space between other words and inverted commas.

15. Answer must be legally advisable i.e. the problem should not be left remedyless mention the remedies if not here then they can claim there or by this means.

16. Not compulsory but try to use some of these archiac legal english terms https://t.me/CurrentLegalGK/2426

@CurrentLegalGK
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๐•ƒ๐”ผ๐”พ๐”ธ๐•ƒ โ„‚๐•Œโ„โ„๐”ผโ„•๐•‹ ๐”ธ๐”ฝ๐”ฝ๐”ธ๐•€โ„๐•Š ๐”น๐•ช- โ„•๐•’๐•ฅ๐•ฆ๐•ฃ๐•’๐• ๐•๐•ฆ๐•ค๐•ฅ๐•š๐•”๐•– โ„ข
When Can Doctrine Of Prospective Overruling Be Applied? Supreme Court Explains https://www.livelaw.in/top-stories/when-can-doctrine-of-prospective-overruling-be-applied-supreme-court-explains-267211
โฐโžก๏ธ Doctrine of Prospective overruling


๐Ÿ“ฐ Origin-
๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡ธ U.S.A. Supreme court in
Chevron Oil Company v. Huson, 1971
๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡ณ Indian Supreme court-
Golaknath v. State of Punjab, 1967
(how 1971 judgment inspired 1967 judgment that I have not researched ask CJI)

โœ… Meaning and Objective

โ€œThe doctrine of prospective overruling is applied when a constitutional court overrules a well-established precedent by declaring a new rule but limits its application to future situations. The underlying objective is to avert injustice or hardships.โ€

๐Ÿ‹๏ธโ€โ™€๏ธ Golaknath Practical approachโ€”
CJI K Subba Rao noted that allowing a retrospective application of the decision would create chaos and upset the country's stability considering that many State agrarian laws were enforced by relying on the overruled precedents.


๐Ÿ“ Essential Rulesโ€” (V.IMP)
1. It can only be used for matters related to the Constitution.
๐Ÿ’ฏ 2. Only the Supreme Court can apply this doctrine.
3. The court can decide how far back in time the new ruling should apply.



๐Ÿ“Œ 7 Object based on Precedent Analysis

1. Power derived from Article 142.
2. It is applied by this Court while overruling its earlier decision, which was otherwise final. It has also been applied when deciding on an issue for the first time.

3. The object is to validate all the actions taken before the date of declaration in the larger public interest. The doctrine does not validate an invalid law, but the declaration of invalidation takes effect from a future date
.

4. Cases that have attained finality are saved because doing otherwise would cause unnecessary and avoidable hardships.

5. It is applied to bring about a smooth transition of the operation of law without unduly affecting the rights of the people who acted upon the overruled law.

6. It is a device innovated to avoid:
(i) reopening settled issues,
(ii) refund of amounts collected under invalid legislation, and
(iii) multiplicity of proceedings.

7. It is applied to avoid social and economic disruptions and give sufficient time to the affected entities and institutions to make appropriate changes and adjustments.


Mineral Area Development Authority v. M/S Steel Authority Of India & ors, 2024

@CurrentLegalGK
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๐Ÿ’ฏLaw study Material by Major Universities and Government online material.

1. Administrative Law.pdf
2. Alternate Dispute Resolution.pdf
3. Banking Law.pdf
4. Business Management and Ethics.pdf
5. Civil Procedure Code.pdf
6. Company Law.pdf
7. Competition Law.pdf
8. Computer Fundamentals and Office Automation.pdf
9. Computer Network And Network Security.pdf
10. Constitutional Law - I.pdf
11. Constitutional Law - II.pdf
12. Contracts-I.pdf
13. Contracts - II.pdf
14. Cost And Management Study Material.pdf
15. Cyber Law And Forensics.pdf
16. English - I.pdf
17. English - II.pdf
18. Environmental Law.pdf
19. Family Law - I.pdf
20. Family Law - II.pdf
21. Financial Markets And Indian Economic Issue...
22. Financial Markets And Marketing Management.pdf
23. Fundamental of Marketing Management.pdf
24. History - I.pdf
25. Human Resource Management And Organisationa...
26. Human Rights Law.pdf
27. Information Security And Digital Forensics.pdf
28. International Trade Law.pdf
29. Interpretation of Statutes.pdf
30. Jurisprudence.pdf
31. Labour Law - I.pdf
32. Labour Law -II.pdf
33. Law of Crimes - I (Indian Penal Code).pdf
34. Law of Crimes II (Code of Criminal Procedur...
35. Law of Evidence.pdf
36. Law of Insurance.pdf
37. Law of Torts.pdf
38. Legal & Constitutional History.pdf
39. Legal Methods.pdf
40. Maritime Law.pdf
41. Object Oriented Programming Language - Java...
42. Political Science - II.pdf
43. Political Science - III.pdf
44. Political Science.pdf
45. Practical Auditing.pdf
46. Principle of Economics.pdf
47. Principles of Accounting.pdf
48. Private International Law.pdf
49. Professional Ethics.pdf
50. Programming in C And Algorithms.pdf
51. Property Law.pdf
52. Public Finance And IT Law.pdf
53. Public International Law.pdf
54. Regulatory Laws.pdf
55. Sociology.pdf
56. Sociology-I.pdf
57. Strategic Management.pdf

๐Ÿ’ฏDelhi University law material
https://lawfaculty.du.ac.in/Students/LL.B.-Course-Materials

๐ŸŒดTamil Nadu University
tndalu.ac.in/econtent.html
https://tndalu.ac.in/econtent.html

๐Ÿฃ E-Pg pathshala law notes
https://epgp.inflibnet.ac.in/Home/ViewSubject?catid=ZzUApmBk4i7kYctp+aiP1w==

๐Ÿ›Lucknow University
https://www.lkouniv.ac.in/en/article/e-content-faculty-of-law

๐Ÿ—ปKashmir University
https://law.uok.edu.in/Main/ViewPage.aspx?Page=a1e6d686-70dd-444d-8258-dca02e6b0bdf

๐ŸคฉKLE Law College
https://www.klelawcollege.org/study-materials/

๐ŸŽฏRenaissance Notes
Just search the subject Name

๐ŸŽ“Patna law college
https://www.patnalawcollege.ac.in/page_no.php?value=64

๐Ÿ‘จโ€โš–๏ธ Notes by judges
https://t.me/CurrentLegalGK/917

โš ๏ธSEARCH JUDICIAL ACADEMY NOTES (visit each state study material)

๐Ÿ“ฒ Search ๐Ÿ”Ž E courts after topic

๐Ÿ’ฐ๐Ÿค‘ Rahul's Ambition bare act , A K. Jain or singhal's dukki or Krishna murari sir criminal law

๐ŸŒ… IGNOU Notes
๐Ÿ”Ž https://t.me/CurrentLegalGK/2378

Detailed notes- https://indianlawlive.net/2023/09/27/appreciation-of-evidence-by-court/

Refer them for static coverage

@CurrentLegalGK
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