import java.util.*;

public class DesertPathfinder {

    
    static class Cell implements Comparable<Cell> {
        int row, col, waterCost;

        Cell(int row, int col, int waterCost) {
            this.row = row;
            this.col = col;
            this.waterCost = waterCost;
        }

        @Override
        public int compareTo(Cell other) {
            return Integer.compare(this.waterCost, other.waterCost);
        }
    }

    
    public static int calculateMinWater(char[][] grid, int gridSize) {
       
        int[] rowOffsets = {-1, 1, 0, 0};
        int[] colOffsets = {0, 0, -1, 1};

       
        int[][] waterUsage = new int[gridSize][gridSize];
        boolean[][] isVisited = new boolean[gridSize][gridSize];
        for (int[] row : waterUsage) {
            Arrays.fill(row, Integer.MAX_VALUE);
        }

        
        int startRow = -1, startCol = -1, endRow = -1, endCol = -1;
        for (int row = 0; row < gridSize; row++) {
            for (int col = 0; col < gridSize; col++) {
                if (grid[row][col] == 'S') {
                    startRow = row;
                    startCol = col;
                } else if (grid[row][col] == 'E') {
                    endRow = row;
                    endCol = col;
                }
            }
        }

        
        PriorityQueue<Cell> priorityQueue = new PriorityQueue<>();
        priorityQueue.offer(new Cell(startRow, startCol, 0));
        waterUsage[startRow][startCol] = 0;

        
        while (!priorityQueue.isEmpty()) {
            Cell current = priorityQueue.poll();
            int currentRow = current.row;
            int currentCol = current.col;

            
            if (isVisited[currentRow][currentCol]) {
                continue;
            }
            isVisited[currentRow][currentCol] = true;

            
            if (currentRow == endRow && currentCol == endCol) {
                return waterUsage[currentRow][currentCol];
            }

           
            for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
                int nextRow = currentRow + rowOffsets[i];
                int nextCol = currentCol + colOffsets[i];

                
                if (nextRow >= 0 && nextCol >= 0 && nextRow < gridSize && nextCol < gridSize
                        && grid[nextRow][nextCol] != 'M' && !isVisited[nextRow][nextCol]) {

                   
                    int newCost = waterUsage[currentRow][currentCol]
                            + (grid[currentRow][currentCol] == 'T' && grid[nextRow][nextCol] == 'T' ? 0 : 1);

                    
                    if (newCost < waterUsage[nextRow][nextCol]) {
                        waterUsage[nextRow][nextCol] = newCost;
                        priorityQueue.offer(new Cell(nextRow, nextCol, newCost));
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        
        return -1;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);

        
        int gridSize = scanner.nextInt();
        scanner.nextLine(); 

       
        char[][] grid = new char[gridSize][gridSize];
        for (int row = 0; row < gridSize; row++) {
            String[] elements = scanner.nextLine().split(" ");
            for (int col = 0; col < gridSize; col++) {
                grid[row][col] = elements[col].charAt(0);
            }
        }

        
        int result = calculateMinWater(grid, gridSize);
        System.out.print(result);

        scanner.close();
    }
}

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;

int main() {
    int rows, cols;
    cin >> rows >> cols;
    vector<vector<int>> matrix(rows, vector<int>(cols));

    // Reading the matrix
    for (int i = 0; i < rows; ++i) {
        for (int j = 0; j < cols; ++j) {
            cin >> matrix[i][j];
        }
    }

    int target;
    cin >> target;

    map<int, vector<pair<int, int>>> value_positions;
    set<int> all_values;
    
    // Mapping values to their positions in the matrix
    for (int i = 0; i < rows; ++i) {
        for (int j = 0; j < cols; ++j) {
            int val = matrix[i][j];
            value_positions[val].emplace_back(i, j);
            all_values.insert(val);
        }
    }

    set<int> affected_values;
    
    // Identify values to be affected based on the target value's position
    for (int i = 0; i < rows; ++i) {
        vector<int> target_columns;
        for (int j = 0; j < cols; ++j) {
            if (matrix[i][j] == target) {
                target_columns.push_back(j);
            }
        }
        if (!target_columns.empty()) {
            int max_col = *max_element(target_columns.begin(), target_columns.end());
            for (int j = max_col + 1; j < cols; ++j) {
                int val = matrix[i][j];
                if (val != target) {
                    affected_values.insert(val);
                }
            }
        }
    }

    set<int> remaining_values = all_values;
    affected_values.erase(target);
    int result_count = 0;
    
    // Process the remaining values that are also in the affected set
    for (auto value = affected_values.begin(); value != affected_values.end(); ++value) {
        if (remaining_values.find(*value) != remaining_values.end()) {
            remaining_values.erase(*value);
            result_count++;
        }
    }

    // Lambda function for further processing of the set of values
    auto process_values = [&](const set<int>& current_values) -> set<int> {
        set<int> final_values;
        for (auto& val : current_values) {
            for (auto& [pos, idx] : value_positions[val]) {
                if (pos == rows - 1) {
                    final_values.insert(val);
                    break;
                }
            }
        }

        queue<int> value_queue;
        for (auto& val : final_values) {
            value_queue.push(val);
        }

        while (!value_queue.empty()) {
            int front_value = value_queue.front();
            value_queue.pop();
            for (auto& val : current_values) {
                if (final_values.find(val) != final_values.end()) continue;
                bool is_connected = false;
                for (auto& [row, col] : value_positions[val]) {
                    if (row + 1 < rows) {
                        int next_val = matrix[row + 1][col];
                        if (final_values.find(next_val) != final_values.end()) {
                            is_connected = true;
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                }
                if (is_connected) {
                    final_values.insert(val);
                    value_queue.push(val);
                }
            }
        }
        return final_values;
    };

    // Iteratively update the remaining values and count the result
    while (true) {
        set<int> processed_values = process_values(remaining_values);
        set<int> values_to_remove;
        for (auto& val : remaining_values) {
            if (processed_values.find(val) == processed_values.end()) {
                values_to_remove.insert(val);
            }
        }
        if (values_to_remove.empty()) break;
        for (auto& val : values_to_remove) {
            remaining_values.erase(val);
            result_count++;
        }
    }

    cout << result_count;

    return 0;
}


 

import java.util.*;

public class RitikaTask {

    private static int[] canFormWithDeletions(String sub, String mainStr, int maxDeletions) {
        int i = 0, j = 0, deletionsUsed = 0;
        while (i < mainStr.length() && j < sub.length()) {
            if (mainStr.charAt(i) == sub.charAt(j)) {
                i++;
                j++;
            } else {
                deletionsUsed++;
                if (deletionsUsed > maxDeletions) {
                    return new int[] {i, deletionsUsed};
                }
                i++;
            }
        }
        return new int[] {i, deletionsUsed};
    }

    private static boolean canMatchCharacter(char c, List<String> substrings) {
        for (String sub : substrings) {
            if (sub.indexOf(c) >= 0) {
                return true;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }

    public static String solveRitikaTask(List<String> substrings, String mainStr, int k) {
        int n = mainStr.length();
        int deletionsUsed = 0;
        StringBuilder formedString = new StringBuilder();
        boolean isAnyMatch = false;

        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            if (!canMatchCharacter(mainStr.charAt(i), substrings)) {
                return "Impossible";
            }
        }

        for (int i = 0; i < n;) {
            boolean matched = false;
            for (String sub : substrings) {
                int[] result = canFormWithDeletions(sub, mainStr.substring(i), k - deletionsUsed);
                int newIndex = result[0];
                int usedDeletions = result[1];

                if (newIndex > 0) {
                    matched = true;
                    isAnyMatch = true;
                    formedString.append(mainStr.substring(i, i + newIndex));
                    i += newIndex;
                    deletionsUsed += usedDeletions;
                    break;
                }
            }
            if (!matched) {
                break;
            }
        }

        if (formedString.length() == n) {
            if (deletionsUsed <= k) {
                return "Possible";
            } else {
                return formedString.toString().trim();
            }
        } else if (isAnyMatch) {
            return "Nothing";
        } else if (deletionsUsed > k) {
            return formedString.toString().trim();
        } else {
            return formedString.toString().trim();
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);

        int N = scanner.nextInt();
        scanner.nextLine();
        List<String> substrings = new ArrayList<>();
        for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
            substrings.add(scanner.nextLine());
        }

        String mainStr = scanner.nextLine();
        int K = scanner.nextInt();

        String result = solveRitikaTask(substrings, mainStr, K);
        System.out.print(result);

        scanner.close();
    }
}

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <set>
#include <cmath>
#include <map>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;

   polygon using the Shoelace Theorem
int calculateArea(const vector<pair<int, int>>& polygon) {
    int n = polygon.size();
    int area = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        int j = (i + 1) % n;
        area += polygon[i].first * polygon[j].second;
        area -= polygon[j].first * polygon[i].second;
    }
    return abs(area) / 2;
}

 are connected
bool areConnected(pair<int, int> a, pair<int, int> b, pair<int, int>& p1, pair<int, int>& p2) {
    return (p1 == a && p2 == b) || (p1 == b && p2 == a);
}

int main() {
    int N;
    cin >> N;

    vector<pair<int, int>> coordinates;
    vector<vector<pair<int, int>>> segments(N);
    set<pair<int, int>> points;

 store them as pairs
    for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
        int x1, y1, x2, y2;
        cin >> x1 >> y1 >> x2 >> y2;
        coordinates.push_back({x1, y1});
        coordinates.push_back({x2, y2});
        points.insert({x1, y1});
        points.insert({x2, y2});
    }

    vector<pair<int, int>> polygon;
    int maxArea = 0;

      to form polygons
    for (auto p1 = points.begin(); p1 != points.end(); ++p1) {
        for (auto p2 = next(p1); p2 != points.end(); ++p2) {
            polygon.push_back(*p1);
            polygon.push_back(*p2);
            maxArea = max(maxArea, calculateArea(polygon));
        }
    }

    cout << maxArea << endl;
    return 0;
}

def rl(layer, pos, dir, ol):
    n = len(layer)
    rot = [None] * n

    if dir == "clockwise":
        for i in range(n):
            rot[(i + pos) % n] = layer[i]
    else:
        for i in range(n):
            rot[(i - pos) % n] = layer[i]

    for i in range(n):
        if ol:
            rot[i] = chr(((ord(rot[i]) - ord('A') - 1) % 26) + ord('A'))
        else:
            rot[i] = chr(((ord(rot[i]) - ord('A') + 1) % 26) + ord('A'))

    return rot


def aq(pl, row, col, size):
    layers = []
    for layer in range(size // 2):
        cl = []
        for j in range(col + layer, col + size - layer):
            cl.append(pl[row + layer][j])
        for i in range(row + layer + 1, row + size - layer - 1):
            cl.append(pl[i][col + size - layer - 1])
        for j in range(col + size - layer - 1, col + layer - 1, -1):
            cl.append(pl[row + size - layer - 1][j])
        for i in range(row + size - layer - 2, row + layer, -1):
            cl.append(pl[i][col + layer])
        layers.append(cl)

    for lidx, layer in enumerate(layers):
        ol = (lidx + 1) % 2 == 1
        dir = "counterclockwise" if ol else "clockwise"
        pos = lidx + 1
        rotated_layer = rl(layer, pos, dir, ol)

        idx = 0
        for j in range(col + lidx, col + size - lidx):
            pl[row + lidx][j] = rotated_layer[idx]
            idx += 1
        for i in range(row + lidx + 1, row + size - lidx - 1):
            pl[i][col + size - lidx - 1] = rotated_layer[idx]
            idx += 1
        for j in range(col + size - lidx - 1, col + lidx - 1, -1):
            pl[row + size - lidx - 1][j] = rotated_layer[idx]
            idx += 1
        for i in range(row + size - lidx - 2, row + lidx, -1):
            pl[i][col + lidx] = rotated_layer[idx]
            idx += 1

def MAX_ROTATION(n, pl, queries):
    for row, col, size in queries:
        aq(pl, row, col, size)
    result = ''.join(''.join(row) for row in pl)
    return result


n = int(input())
pl = [list(input().strip().split()) for _ in range(n)]
q = int(input().strip())
queries = [tuple(map(int, input().strip().split())) for _ in range(q)]

result = MAX_ROTATION(n, pl, queries)
print(result, end="")

from collections import deque

def infected_neighbors_count(grid, a, b):
    n = len(grid)
    count = 0
    directions = [(-1, -1), (-1, 0), (-1, 1), (0, -1), (0, 1), (1, -1), (1, 0), (1, 1)]
    for i in range(len(directions)):
        dx, dy = directions[i]
        nx, ny = a + dx, b + dy
        if 0 <= nx < n and 0 <= ny < n and grid[nx][ny] == 1:
            count += 1
    return count

def infection_process(grid):
    n = len(grid)
    new_grid = [[grid[i][j] for j in range(n)] for i in range(n)]
    
    for i in range(n):
        for j in range(n):
            neighbors = infected_neighbors_count(grid, i, j)
            if grid[i][j] == 0 and neighbors == 3:
                new_grid[i][j] = 1
            elif grid[i][j] == 1 and (neighbors < 2 or neighbors > 3):
                new_grid[i][j] = 0
                
    return new_grid

def find_path(size, initial_grid):
    grid = [[1 if cell == '1' else 0 for cell in row] for row in initial_grid]
    start_x, start_y, end_x, end_y = -1, -1, -1, -1
    
    def set_positions():
        nonlocal start_x, start_y, end_x, end_y
        for i in range(size):
            for j in range(size):
                if initial_grid[i][j] == 's':
                    start_x, start_y = i, j
                    grid[i][j] = 0
                if initial_grid[i][j] == 'd':
                    end_x, end_y = i, j
                    grid[i][j] = 0
    
    set_positions()
    
    queue = deque([(start_x, start_y, grid, 0)])
    seen_states = set()
    
    while queue:
        x, y, current_grid, days = queue.popleft()
        
        if (x, y) == (end_x, end_y):
            return days
        
        state = (x, y, tuple(map(tuple, current_grid)))
        if state in seen_states:
            continue
        seen_states.add(state)
        
        next_grid = infection_process(current_grid)
        
        moves = [(0, 0), (-1, 0), (1, 0), (0, -1), (0, 1)]
        for dx, dy in moves:
            nx, ny = x + dx, y + dy
            if 0 <= nx < size and 0 <= ny < size and next_grid[nx][ny] == 0:
                queue.append((nx, ny, next_grid, days + 1))
    
    return -1

if name == "main":
    n = int(input())
    pollution_map = [input().strip() for _ in range(n)]
    print(find_path(n, pollution_map) + 1)

Import java.util.*;
public class LoopMaster {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        int numberOfCommands = Integer.parseInt(scanner.nextLine());
        List<String> commands = new ArrayList<>();
        for (int i = 0; i < numberOfCommands; i++) {
            commands.add(scanner.nextLine().trim());
        }
        processCommands(commands);
    }

    private static void processCommands(List<String> commands) {
        Stack<Integer> loopIterations = new Stack<>();
        Stack<Integer> currentIterations = new Stack<>();
        StringBuilder output = new StringBuilder();
        int commandIndex = 0;

        while (commandIndex < commands.size()) {
            String command = commands.get(commandIndex);
            if (command.startsWith("for")) {
                int times = Integer.parseInt(command.split(" ")[1]);
                loopIterations.push(times);
                currentIterations.push(0);
            } else if (command.equals("do")) {
                // No operation for "do"
            } else if (command.equals("done")) {
                int current = currentIterations.pop() + 1;
                int maxIterations = loopIterations.pop();
                if (current < maxIterations) {
                    loopIterations.push(maxIterations);
                    currentIterations.push(current);
                    commandIndex = findLoopStart(commands, commandIndex);
                    continue;
                }
            } else if (command.startsWith("break")) {
                int breakCondition = Integer.parseInt(command.split(" ")[1]);
                if (currentIterations.peek() + 1 == breakCondition) {
                    loopIterations.pop();
                    currentIterations.pop();
                    commandIndex = findLoopEnd(commands, commandIndex);
                }
            } else if (command.startsWith("continue")) {
                int continueCondition = Integer.parseInt(command.split(" ")[1]);
                if (currentIterations.peek() + 1 == continueCondition) {
                    int maxIterations = loopIterations.peek();
                    int current = currentIterations.pop() + 1;
                    if (current < maxIterations) {
                        currentIterations.push(current);
                        commandIndex = findLoopStart(commands, commandIndex);
                    }
                    continue;
                }
            } else if (command.startsWith("print")) {
                String message = command.substring(command.indexOf("\"") + 1, command.lastIndexOf("\""));
                output.append(message).append("\n");
            }
            commandIndex++;
        }
        System.out.print(output.toString());
    }

    private static int findLoopStart(List<String> commands, int currentIndex) {
        int nestedLoops = 0;
        for (int i = currentIndex - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
            if (commands.get(i).equals("done")) {
                nestedLoops++;
            } else if (commands.get(i).equals("do")) {
                if (nestedLoops == 0) {
                    return i;
                }
                nestedLoops--;
            }
        }
        return 0;
    }

    private static int findLoopEnd(List<String> commands, int currentIndex) {
        int nestedLoops = 0;
        for (int i = currentIndex + 1; i < commands.size(); i++) {
            if (commands.get(i).equals("do")) {
                nestedLoops++;
            } else if (commands.get(i).equals("done")) {
                if (nestedLoops == 0) {
                    return i;
                }
                nestedLoops--;
            }
        }
        return commands.size();
    }
}

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;

int main() {
    int n;
    cin >> n;
    vector<vector<pair<int, int>>> paths(n);
    map<pair<int, int>, vector<int>> ptMap;

    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        int x1, y1, x2, y2;
        cin >> x1 >> y1 >> x2 >> y2;

        int dx = x2 - x1, dy = y2 - y1;
        int steps = max(abs(dx), abs(dy));
        int sx = (dx == 0) ? 0 : dx / abs(dx);
        int sy = (dy == 0) ? 0 : dy / abs(dy);

        for (int j = 0; j <= steps; j++) {
            int cx = x1 + sx * j;
            int cy = y1 + sy * j;
            paths[i].emplace_back(cx, cy);
            ptMap[{cx, cy}].emplace_back(i);
        }
    }

    string input, tgt;
    getline(cin, input);
    getline(cin, input);
    unordered_map<string, int> valMap;

    int pos = 0, len = input.size();
    while (pos < len) {
        size_t col = input.find(':', pos);
        if (col == string::npos) break;
        string key = input.substr(pos, col - pos);
        pos = col + 1;
        size_t sp = input.find(' ', pos);
        if (sp == string::npos) sp = len;
        int val = stoi(input.substr(pos, sp - pos));
        valMap[key] = val;
        pos = sp + 1;
    }

    cin >> tgt;
    ll totalCost = 0;

    for (auto &e : ptMap) {
        if (e.second.size() >= 2) {
            int cnt = e.second.size(), minCost = INT_MAX;
            for (auto id : e.second) {
                auto &p = paths[id];
                size_t l = p.size();
                size_t idx = find(p.begin(), p.end(), e.first) - p.begin();
                int left = idx, right = l - idx - 1;
                int cost = (left > 0 && right > 0) ? min(left, right) : max(left, right);
                minCost = min(minCost, cost);
            }
            totalCost += (ll)cnt * minCost;
        }
    }

    if (valMap.find(tgt) != valMap.end()) {
        cout << (totalCost >= valMap[tgt] ? "Yes\n" : "No\n");
    } else {
        cout << "No\n";
    }

    int valid = 0, total = valMap.size();
    for (auto &e : valMap) {
        if (totalCost >= e.second) valid++;
    }

    double rate = (double)valid / total;
    cout << fixed << setprecision(2) << rate;

    return 0;
}

:change variables name's

def form_str(n, subs, main):
    m_len = len(main)
    dp = [float('inf')] * (m_len + 1)
    dp[0] = 0

    for i in range(m_len + 1):
        if dp[i] == float('inf'):
            continue
        for s, c in subs:
            s_len = len(s)
            max_olap = min(i, s_len)
            for olap in range(max_olap + 1):
                start = i - olap
                end = start + s_len
                if end > m_len:
                    continue
                if start >= 0:
                    if main[start:i] == s[:olap]:
                        if main[i:end] == s[olap:]:
                            dp[end] = min(dp[end], dp[i] + c)

    return "Impossible" if dp[m_len] == float('inf') else dp[m_len]

n = int(input())
subs = []
for _ in range(n):
    ln = input().strip()
    if not ln:
        continue
    parts = ln.split()
    if len(parts) != 2:
        w = " ".join(parts[:-1])
        cost = int(parts[-1])
    else:
        w, cost = parts[0], int(parts[1])
    subs.append((w, cost))
main = input().strip()
subs = [(s, c) for s, c in subs if s in main]
print(form_str(n, subs, main), end="")

Check your application status -Barclays