E.O. Wilson's "Half Earth" concept, popularized in his 2016 book Half-Earth: Our Planet's Fight for Life, is a conservation proposal that advocates for dedicating at least half of the Earth's surface as a human-free natural reserve to preserve biodiversity and avoid mass extinction.
This plan aims to set aside enough land and sea to save the living environment and allow the biosphere to stabilize for human survival, with the concept being promoted by the Half-Earth Project.
By doing so, he believed that 80% of the Earth's species could be saved and the planet could be placed in a "safe zone".
The Half-Earth Project - This initiative, founded by the E.O. Wilson Biodiversity Foundation, works to bring this concept to reality.

Useful for essays on climate and environment.
https://t.me/CivilsCatalyst

The biophilia hypothesis is the theory, popularized by E. O. Wilson in his book Biophilia, that humans have an innate, biologically-based tendency to seek connections with nature and other forms of life. This concept suggests an evolutionary basis for humans' attraction to the natural world, including an innate desire to interact with living organisms and a greater positive response to natural environments, which can influence well-being.

Timnit Gebru
Timnit Gebru is a computer scientist and one of the leading voices in AI ethics. She’s known for her work on algorithmic bias, especially in facial recognition and language models. After being fired from Google for speaking out about ethical concerns, she founded the Distributed AI Research Institute (DARE).

Rethinking AI
Gebru challenges the idea that all AI is necessary. She believes we should question whether certain technologies should exist at all, not just how to make them better.

Fired from Google
Gebru co-wrote a paper called “Stochastic Parrots” with Emily Bender. It warned about the dangers of large language models like GPT-3, including:

Bias and harmful content
Environmental impact
Too much control by big tech companies
Lack of transparency in how these systems are developed

Google asked her to retract the paper or remove Google authors. When she refused, she was fired. This case highlighted how ethics often clash with profit in tech.

Bias in Facial Recognition
Earlier, Gebru worked with Joy Buolamwini to show that facial recognition tools are less accurate for darker-skinned women. Their findings predicted real-world problems, like wrongful arrests. Gebru argues that such technologies often worsen inequality.

Issues in Tech and Academia
She points out that both tech companies and universities reward fast progress and profits, not caution or ethical reflection. People who question the core goals of AI often get pushed out.

Founding of DARE
Gebru started DARE to create a space free from the pressures of big tech or academic politics. The institute focuses on real-world impact and works with people from marginalized communities. Its approach asks what we actually need to build, rather than assuming AI is always the answer.

Latest data points that can come in handy for env related essays and answers. To bring sharpness and authenticity, a citing some data, facts, figures, reports is crucial.

Often students write essays without sharp recent examples. It is my endeavour to share some good curated examples, case studies, data, reports etc that can be thematically relevant in essays and across other papers too.

2 Companies with business models that are environment friendly -
1. Patagonia addresses climate change by eliminating virgin petroleum-based materials in its products by 2025, increasing the use of recycled and regenerative organic materials, and aiming for net-zero emissions by 2040. They also operate the Worn Wear program to extend product lifespans, fund environmental work through 1% for the Planet, and committed all company ownership to a trust for climate action.

2. IKEA's circular economy steps include designing for circularity from the outset, using renewable and recycled materials, offering recommerce services like furniture buy-back and resale marketplaces, expanding spare parts and repair services, and investing in sustainable forestry and renewable energy. The goal is to shift from a linear "take, make, waste" model to one where products are built to last longer and can be reused, refurbished, remanufactured, or recycled, ultimately aiming to be a fully circular business by 2030.

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A great case study on what community efforts can achieve.

Elated to receive this good news of Utpal's selection from the reserve list. He is currently working as officer with the Gujarat government and this was his last attempt at UPSC CSE. He had enhanced his essay score by 42 marks, a very handsome jump indeed.

SEBI Grade A officer exam.

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UPSC Mains Result released.

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