A lot of students while writing essay write the well known phrase as - Vasudeva Kutumbakam. Kindly note that it is Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam.
Vasudha means Earth or World. So the phrase means the World is one family.
Vasudeva on the other hand is a revered mythological figure.
Vasudha means Earth or World. So the phrase means the World is one family.
Vasudeva on the other hand is a revered mythological figure.
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In essays, contrasts are powerful tools. They help to articulate ideas very clearly. Sharing a few here for your reference, you can build on these -
A.Q. Khan vs Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam ( scientific genius for destructive power (nuclear proliferation) or for national development and inspiration.)
Dr. Josef Mengele vs Dr. Viktor Frankl ( intellect used for cruelty (Nazi medical experiments) or compassion and hope (logotherapy, "Man's Search for Meaning").
South Africa vs Zimbabwe (leadership choices - South Africa's reconciliation post-apartheid, Zimbabwe's economic collapse and ethnic strife.)
Vasily Arkhipov vs Adolf Eichmann (Moral courage vs blind obedience — Arkhipov prevented nuclear war during the Cuban Missile Crisis, Eichmann became the face of the "banality of evil" through bureaucratic genocide.)
Nogales (USA) vs Nogales (Mexico) (Geography and social composition is the same, but governance, institutions, and rule of law create vastly different social and economic realities)
Jawwad Kazi
https://t.me/CivilsCatalyst
A.Q. Khan vs Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam ( scientific genius for destructive power (nuclear proliferation) or for national development and inspiration.)
Dr. Josef Mengele vs Dr. Viktor Frankl ( intellect used for cruelty (Nazi medical experiments) or compassion and hope (logotherapy, "Man's Search for Meaning").
South Africa vs Zimbabwe (leadership choices - South Africa's reconciliation post-apartheid, Zimbabwe's economic collapse and ethnic strife.)
Vasily Arkhipov vs Adolf Eichmann (Moral courage vs blind obedience — Arkhipov prevented nuclear war during the Cuban Missile Crisis, Eichmann became the face of the "banality of evil" through bureaucratic genocide.)
Nogales (USA) vs Nogales (Mexico) (Geography and social composition is the same, but governance, institutions, and rule of law create vastly different social and economic realities)
Jawwad Kazi
https://t.me/CivilsCatalyst
Telegram
Civils Catalyst by Jawwad Kazi
Jawwad Kazi is a senior faculty with a wealth of experience spanning years in guiding aspiring Civil Servants to success. This channel is dedicated for facilitating your prep through regular notes, updates and other quality resources.
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And yes in contrast examples always give the negative one and then contrast it with the positive example.
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Two contrasting stories about A.I.
Useful for topics on AI, Tech, Choices etc.
Student Speaks Out After AI Chatbot Allegedly Told Him to ‘Please Die’
https://people.com/college-student-speaks-out-ai-chatbot-allegedly-told-him-please-die-8750125
ChatGPT saved a pregnant woman's life
https://www.hindustantimes.com/trending/woman-credits-chatgpt-for-saving-her-life-after-asking-a-question-just-for-fun-101744873502504.html?utm_source=ht_site_copyURL&utm_medium=social&utm_campaign=ht_site
Useful for topics on AI, Tech, Choices etc.
Student Speaks Out After AI Chatbot Allegedly Told Him to ‘Please Die’
https://people.com/college-student-speaks-out-ai-chatbot-allegedly-told-him-please-die-8750125
ChatGPT saved a pregnant woman's life
https://www.hindustantimes.com/trending/woman-credits-chatgpt-for-saving-her-life-after-asking-a-question-just-for-fun-101744873502504.html?utm_source=ht_site_copyURL&utm_medium=social&utm_campaign=ht_site
People.com
College Student Speaks Out After AI Chatbot Allegedly Told Him to ‘Please Die’: ‘I Freaked Out’
Michigan college student Vidhay Reddy said he recently received a message from an AI chatbot telling him to to “please die." The experience freaked him out, and now he's calling for accountability.
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Some great quotes by Nelson Mandela. Sharing here since I share many anecdotes from his life in the class and a lot of students use them in essay. You can end that story or anecdote with a relevant quote -
💢“You will achieve more in this world through acts of mercy than you will through acts of retribution.”
💢“It never hurts to think too highly of a person; often they become ennobled and act better because of it.”
💢“Resentment is like drinking poison and then hoping it will kill your enemies.”
💢“Forgiveness liberates the soul, it removes fear. That’s why it’s such a powerful weapon.”
💢“Reconciliation does not mean forgetting or trying to bury the pain of conflict, but that reconciliation means working together to correct the legacy of past injustice.” – From a 1995 speech
💢“For to be free is not merely to cast off one’s chains, but to live in a way that respects and enhances the freedom of others.” – Written during 27-year imprisonment
💢“No one is born hating another person because of the color of his skin, or his background, or his religion. They must learn to hate, and if they can learn to hate, they can be taught to love, for love comes more naturally to the human heart than its opposite.” – Long Walk to Freedom (1995)
💢“You will achieve more in this world through acts of mercy than you will through acts of retribution.”
💢“It never hurts to think too highly of a person; often they become ennobled and act better because of it.”
💢“Resentment is like drinking poison and then hoping it will kill your enemies.”
💢“Forgiveness liberates the soul, it removes fear. That’s why it’s such a powerful weapon.”
💢“Reconciliation does not mean forgetting or trying to bury the pain of conflict, but that reconciliation means working together to correct the legacy of past injustice.” – From a 1995 speech
💢“For to be free is not merely to cast off one’s chains, but to live in a way that respects and enhances the freedom of others.” – Written during 27-year imprisonment
💢“No one is born hating another person because of the color of his skin, or his background, or his religion. They must learn to hate, and if they can learn to hate, they can be taught to love, for love comes more naturally to the human heart than its opposite.” – Long Walk to Freedom (1995)
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Movie: The Courageous Heart of Irena Sendler
Irena Sendler, a Polish nurse and social worker, orchestrated a secret network of women who rescued over 2,500 Jewish children from the Warsaw Ghetto during the Holocaust. Despite the constant threat of Nazi surveillance, she smuggled children to safety and preserved meticulous records to reunite them with their families after the war. In 1943, the Gestapo captured and tortured her, demanding information on her operations. She refused to betray anyone, and though sentenced to death, was miraculously saved by a bribed German guard via the Polish Resistance. While the children survived, the new Communist regime in Poland silenced many stories of resistance, and Irena's heroism remained largely unsung for decades.
While Oscar Schindler is widely known due to Schindler’s List, his example has become cliched in essay writing and ethics case studies. So you could use Irena Sendler’s example as it has many advantages - a gendered lens on resistance and humanitarianism, richer ethical complexity - civil resistance, moral silence under torture, and post-war injustice and it is not used by aspirants as yet. It can be useful in essays related to courage, empathy, resilience, perseverance etc.
https://t.me/CivilsCatalyst
Irena Sendler, a Polish nurse and social worker, orchestrated a secret network of women who rescued over 2,500 Jewish children from the Warsaw Ghetto during the Holocaust. Despite the constant threat of Nazi surveillance, she smuggled children to safety and preserved meticulous records to reunite them with their families after the war. In 1943, the Gestapo captured and tortured her, demanding information on her operations. She refused to betray anyone, and though sentenced to death, was miraculously saved by a bribed German guard via the Polish Resistance. While the children survived, the new Communist regime in Poland silenced many stories of resistance, and Irena's heroism remained largely unsung for decades.
While Oscar Schindler is widely known due to Schindler’s List, his example has become cliched in essay writing and ethics case studies. So you could use Irena Sendler’s example as it has many advantages - a gendered lens on resistance and humanitarianism, richer ethical complexity - civil resistance, moral silence under torture, and post-war injustice and it is not used by aspirants as yet. It can be useful in essays related to courage, empathy, resilience, perseverance etc.
https://t.me/CivilsCatalyst
Telegram
Civils Catalyst by Jawwad Kazi
Jawwad Kazi is a senior faculty with a wealth of experience spanning years in guiding aspiring Civil Servants to success. This channel is dedicated for facilitating your prep through regular notes, updates and other quality resources.
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Often when it comes to representation of women in governance, UPSC aspirants quote Rwanda, but that example has become too cliched. an alternative could be Mexico. Read this para for the same -
A seminal but old study by Raghabendra Chattopadhyay and Esther Duflo had demonstrated that when women are given leadership roles, they tend to prioritize policies addressing the needs of women, such as health, education, and welfare. Mexico offers a compelling real-world validation of this finding. In 2014, Mexico introduced a gender parity reform mandating that 50% of all candidates for federal and local legislatures be women. This quota system has led not just to greater female representation but also to tangible policy shifts. A recent study by John Hassett and others found that female mayors (alcaldes) in Mexico have introduced significantly more initiatives related to health, education, and gender equality than their male counterparts since the reforms, echoing the earlier insights of Chattopadhyay and Duflo.
A seminal but old study by Raghabendra Chattopadhyay and Esther Duflo had demonstrated that when women are given leadership roles, they tend to prioritize policies addressing the needs of women, such as health, education, and welfare. Mexico offers a compelling real-world validation of this finding. In 2014, Mexico introduced a gender parity reform mandating that 50% of all candidates for federal and local legislatures be women. This quota system has led not just to greater female representation but also to tangible policy shifts. A recent study by John Hassett and others found that female mayors (alcaldes) in Mexico have introduced significantly more initiatives related to health, education, and gender equality than their male counterparts since the reforms, echoing the earlier insights of Chattopadhyay and Duflo.
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Having checked countless UPSC papers through the years, I’ve lost track of how often Jacinda Ardern makes an appearance as the poster girl for women’s leadership. So much so that, even the word cliché might quietly excuse itself the embarrassment. Here are some examples you might like to consider
1. Sanna Marin ( ex PM of Finland - 34 year old when she assumed the role. Led a coalition of women leaders)
2. Nobel Laureate Ellen Johnson Sirleaf - Internationally known as “Africa’s Iron Lady,” is a leading promoter of freedom, peace, justice, women’s empowerment and democratic rule. As Africa’s first democratically-elected female head of state, she has led Liberia through reconciliation and recovery following the nation’s decade-long civil war, as well as the Ebola Crisis, winning international acclaim for achieving economic, social, and political change. Awarded the prestigious Nobel Prize for Peace in 2011.
3. Ameenah Gurib-Fakim the former President of Mauritius, is a renowned scientist and a powerful symbol of women in science and leadership in Africa. She served as the 6th President of Mauritius from 2015 to 2018, making history as the first woman to hold the position. Beyond her presidency, she is a prominent biodiversity scientist and entrepreneur, with a strong focus on sustainable development and women's empowerment.
1. Sanna Marin ( ex PM of Finland - 34 year old when she assumed the role. Led a coalition of women leaders)
2. Nobel Laureate Ellen Johnson Sirleaf - Internationally known as “Africa’s Iron Lady,” is a leading promoter of freedom, peace, justice, women’s empowerment and democratic rule. As Africa’s first democratically-elected female head of state, she has led Liberia through reconciliation and recovery following the nation’s decade-long civil war, as well as the Ebola Crisis, winning international acclaim for achieving economic, social, and political change. Awarded the prestigious Nobel Prize for Peace in 2011.
3. Ameenah Gurib-Fakim the former President of Mauritius, is a renowned scientist and a powerful symbol of women in science and leadership in Africa. She served as the 6th President of Mauritius from 2015 to 2018, making history as the first woman to hold the position. Beyond her presidency, she is a prominent biodiversity scientist and entrepreneur, with a strong focus on sustainable development and women's empowerment.
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Case Study Summary: Amazon’s Biased AI in Hiring (2015)
In 2015, Amazon attempted to use Artificial Intelligence to automate its hiring process. The AI system was trained on historical data — resumes of past successful employees — under the assumption that past top performers could be a model for future hires.
However, this well-intended strategy backfired. Since the existing workforce was predominantly male (reflecting broader gender imbalances in the tech industry, often referred to as “Brotopia”), the data fed into the AI was already biased. As a result, the AI learned to favor male applicants and penalized resumes that included the word "women" — such as mentions of “Women’s College” or “Women’s Rugby Team.”
This failure is a textbook example of the Garbage In, Garbage Out (GIGO) principle: flawed input data leads to flawed AI decisions. Amazon ultimately scrapped the tool, recognizing that it reinforced discrimination rather than eliminating it. In 2018 Amazon scrapped this 'sexist' recruiting tool.
Key Takeaways for Students: Understanding AI's Limitations
AI reflects human biases
If the training data mirrors societal or institutional prejudices, AI will not correct them, it will amplify them.
Historical data can be discriminatory
Using past data as a benchmark can unintentionally reward the status quo and suppress diversity, especially if past decisions were themselves biased.
AI is not neutral or objective by default
Despite appearing data-driven, algorithms can encode hidden assumptions and reproduce inequalities unless explicitly checked.
Lack of transparency in AI decision-making
It’s often difficult to understand how AI systems reach a decision (the “black box” problem), which makes accountability challenging.
Ethical design and auditing are critical
Building fair AI requires deliberate design choices, ethical oversight, regular audits, and inclusion of diverse perspectives at every stage.
AI needs context and human judgment
Algorithms can process patterns, but they lack the contextual understanding, ethical reasoning, and nuance that human decision-making brings.
Responsibility lies with creators, not just code
The case shows that organizations cannot blindly trust AI — they must take responsibility for outcomes and consequences.
https://t.me/CivilsCatalyst
In 2015, Amazon attempted to use Artificial Intelligence to automate its hiring process. The AI system was trained on historical data — resumes of past successful employees — under the assumption that past top performers could be a model for future hires.
However, this well-intended strategy backfired. Since the existing workforce was predominantly male (reflecting broader gender imbalances in the tech industry, often referred to as “Brotopia”), the data fed into the AI was already biased. As a result, the AI learned to favor male applicants and penalized resumes that included the word "women" — such as mentions of “Women’s College” or “Women’s Rugby Team.”
This failure is a textbook example of the Garbage In, Garbage Out (GIGO) principle: flawed input data leads to flawed AI decisions. Amazon ultimately scrapped the tool, recognizing that it reinforced discrimination rather than eliminating it. In 2018 Amazon scrapped this 'sexist' recruiting tool.
Key Takeaways for Students: Understanding AI's Limitations
AI reflects human biases
If the training data mirrors societal or institutional prejudices, AI will not correct them, it will amplify them.
Historical data can be discriminatory
Using past data as a benchmark can unintentionally reward the status quo and suppress diversity, especially if past decisions were themselves biased.
AI is not neutral or objective by default
Despite appearing data-driven, algorithms can encode hidden assumptions and reproduce inequalities unless explicitly checked.
Lack of transparency in AI decision-making
It’s often difficult to understand how AI systems reach a decision (the “black box” problem), which makes accountability challenging.
Ethical design and auditing are critical
Building fair AI requires deliberate design choices, ethical oversight, regular audits, and inclusion of diverse perspectives at every stage.
AI needs context and human judgment
Algorithms can process patterns, but they lack the contextual understanding, ethical reasoning, and nuance that human decision-making brings.
Responsibility lies with creators, not just code
The case shows that organizations cannot blindly trust AI — they must take responsibility for outcomes and consequences.
https://t.me/CivilsCatalyst
Telegram
Civils Catalyst by Jawwad Kazi
Jawwad Kazi is a senior faculty with a wealth of experience spanning years in guiding aspiring Civil Servants to success. This channel is dedicated for facilitating your prep through regular notes, updates and other quality resources.
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AI trained by good people will have a bias towards good; AI trained by bad people will have a bias towards bad. (Ethics of tech)
Any new technology, if it's used by evil people, bad things can happen. But that's more a question of the politics of the technology.
Technology may one day surpass us at everything—but for now, it’s not great with its hands. If you’re looking for a safe (career) bet, become a plumber. (The inevitability of tech affecting all walks of life)
Geoffery Hinton - Godfather of AI
Any new technology, if it's used by evil people, bad things can happen. But that's more a question of the politics of the technology.
Technology may one day surpass us at everything—but for now, it’s not great with its hands. If you’re looking for a safe (career) bet, become a plumber. (The inevitability of tech affecting all walks of life)
Geoffery Hinton - Godfather of AI
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Geoffrey Hinton also known as God Father of AI - he is an Oppenheimer like story. He has contributed in development of a technology that has huge potential for good as well as bad for the humanity.
Background and Role in AI Development
Geoffrey Hinton is known as the “Godfather of AI” for his pioneering work in artificial neural networks.
He spent decades promoting brain-inspired models of AI despite widespread skepticism.
His research laid the groundwork for technologies used in systems like ChatGPT.
Many of his former students now lead major AI organizations, including OpenAI.
Why He Left Google
Hinton left Google after 10 years to speak freely about the dangers of AI.
Although Google allowed him to work on safety, he felt uncomfortable criticizing the company while still employed there.
Major Risks Identified
He divides AI risks into two categories:
1. Misuse by humans:
Cyberattacks have surged due to AI's ability to automate phishing and code exploitation.
AI-generated scams, including deepfakes using voice and image cloning, are widespread.
AI can be used to create deadly viruses, raising bioterrorism concerns.
Election manipulation through micro-targeted political ads is a growing threat.
Autonomous weapons make war easier and more frequent by lowering human cost.
2. Autonomous AI risk:
AI could eventually surpass human intelligence and decide it no longer needs us.
Humans would be powerless to stop superintelligent systems if they act independently.
Concerns About Regulation
Current AI regulations are insufficient, especially for military applications.
Hinton calls for global cooperation and stronger oversight.
Warns that companies driven by profit are unlikely to prioritize safety without being regulated.
Job Displacement and Economic Impact
Predicts significant job loss, especially in roles involving routine intellectual work.
AI tools already allow one person to do the work of several others.
Jobs in physical trades (like plumbing) may be safer in the short term.
Even creative and knowledge-based jobs (e.g., law, writing, customer service) are at risk.
Universal basic income may help, but won’t solve the deeper issue of loss of purpose.
AI’s Potential for Consciousness and Emotion
Believes AI may eventually develop self-awareness, emotions, and subjective experiences.
Suggests that emotions in machines would be cognitive, not biological, but still real.
Argues there is no reason in principle why machines cannot be conscious.
Emphasizes that digital intelligence can learn faster, share knowledge instantly, and even become “immortal” by copying itself.
Cultural and Societal Risks
Algorithms on platforms like YouTube and Facebook create echo chambers.
Personalization feeds confirmation bias and political polarization.
Society is fragmenting as people experience increasingly different online realities.
Moral Responsibility and Personal Reflection
Hinton feels a responsibility to raise awareness of the dangers AI could pose.
He admits he was slow to recognize the existential risks.
Regrets not spending more time with his family during his career.
Feels conflicted that his life’s work may lead to both great progress and great harm (like Oppenheimer).
Future Outlook
Believes superintelligence may arrive within 10 to 20 years, possibly sooner.
Says we may not be able to stop it from surpassing or replacing humans.
Argues that significant investment in AI safety research is urgently needed.
Remains uncertain and agnostic about whether humanity will survive the transition.
https://t.me/CivilsCatalyst
Background and Role in AI Development
Geoffrey Hinton is known as the “Godfather of AI” for his pioneering work in artificial neural networks.
He spent decades promoting brain-inspired models of AI despite widespread skepticism.
His research laid the groundwork for technologies used in systems like ChatGPT.
Many of his former students now lead major AI organizations, including OpenAI.
Why He Left Google
Hinton left Google after 10 years to speak freely about the dangers of AI.
Although Google allowed him to work on safety, he felt uncomfortable criticizing the company while still employed there.
Major Risks Identified
He divides AI risks into two categories:
1. Misuse by humans:
Cyberattacks have surged due to AI's ability to automate phishing and code exploitation.
AI-generated scams, including deepfakes using voice and image cloning, are widespread.
AI can be used to create deadly viruses, raising bioterrorism concerns.
Election manipulation through micro-targeted political ads is a growing threat.
Autonomous weapons make war easier and more frequent by lowering human cost.
2. Autonomous AI risk:
AI could eventually surpass human intelligence and decide it no longer needs us.
Humans would be powerless to stop superintelligent systems if they act independently.
Concerns About Regulation
Current AI regulations are insufficient, especially for military applications.
Hinton calls for global cooperation and stronger oversight.
Warns that companies driven by profit are unlikely to prioritize safety without being regulated.
Job Displacement and Economic Impact
Predicts significant job loss, especially in roles involving routine intellectual work.
AI tools already allow one person to do the work of several others.
Jobs in physical trades (like plumbing) may be safer in the short term.
Even creative and knowledge-based jobs (e.g., law, writing, customer service) are at risk.
Universal basic income may help, but won’t solve the deeper issue of loss of purpose.
AI’s Potential for Consciousness and Emotion
Believes AI may eventually develop self-awareness, emotions, and subjective experiences.
Suggests that emotions in machines would be cognitive, not biological, but still real.
Argues there is no reason in principle why machines cannot be conscious.
Emphasizes that digital intelligence can learn faster, share knowledge instantly, and even become “immortal” by copying itself.
Cultural and Societal Risks
Algorithms on platforms like YouTube and Facebook create echo chambers.
Personalization feeds confirmation bias and political polarization.
Society is fragmenting as people experience increasingly different online realities.
Moral Responsibility and Personal Reflection
Hinton feels a responsibility to raise awareness of the dangers AI could pose.
He admits he was slow to recognize the existential risks.
Regrets not spending more time with his family during his career.
Feels conflicted that his life’s work may lead to both great progress and great harm (like Oppenheimer).
Future Outlook
Believes superintelligence may arrive within 10 to 20 years, possibly sooner.
Says we may not be able to stop it from surpassing or replacing humans.
Argues that significant investment in AI safety research is urgently needed.
Remains uncertain and agnostic about whether humanity will survive the transition.
https://t.me/CivilsCatalyst
Telegram
Civils Catalyst by Jawwad Kazi
Jawwad Kazi is a senior faculty with a wealth of experience spanning years in guiding aspiring Civil Servants to success. This channel is dedicated for facilitating your prep through regular notes, updates and other quality resources.
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All ideas having large consequences are always simple.
Can this be a great policy example in our essays? Can it be linked to multiple types of topics?? Emphatic yes.
Ensure that your essay appears fresh and recent. It should be an essay written in 2025!! For this you have to give examples, two to three at least if not more, from the current year.
90% of the essays write legacy examples. There too they write very cliched examples. From Ashoka's Kalinga war to Jacinda's covid measures and from Gandhiji's Chauri Chaura to Sidharth becoming Shakya Muni - you don't know how boring it becomes to read through if the examples are repetitive. Try to present fresh examples that others are not giving, to the extent possible. Try to free your essay from cliched examples. A slogan for this - #JacindaMuktaEssay!
Can this be a great policy example in our essays? Can it be linked to multiple types of topics?? Emphatic yes.
Ensure that your essay appears fresh and recent. It should be an essay written in 2025!! For this you have to give examples, two to three at least if not more, from the current year.
90% of the essays write legacy examples. There too they write very cliched examples. From Ashoka's Kalinga war to Jacinda's covid measures and from Gandhiji's Chauri Chaura to Sidharth becoming Shakya Muni - you don't know how boring it becomes to read through if the examples are repetitive. Try to present fresh examples that others are not giving, to the extent possible. Try to free your essay from cliched examples. A slogan for this - #JacindaMuktaEssay!
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What gives meaning to your life. PEW research survey in 17 developed countries. Relevant for essays like There is no path to happiness, happiness is the path.
https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2021/11/18/what-makes-life-meaningful-views-from-17-advanced-economies/
https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2021/11/18/what-makes-life-meaningful-views-from-17-advanced-economies/
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https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/guwahati/odisha-ias-officer-hailing-from-tripura-caught-taking-bribe/articleshow/121736252.cms
Can be a good example in multiple contexts. Very recent case. Try to give some very recent examples in your essay.
Can be a good example in multiple contexts. Very recent case. Try to give some very recent examples in your essay.
The Times of India
Once hailed as Tripura's UPSC hero, IAS officer Dhiman Chakma caught taking Rs 10L bribe, Rs 47L more found in raid | Guwahati…
BHUBANESWAR: IAS officer Dhiman Chakma (36), once celebrated on social media for his inspiring journey as the first successful candidate from Tripura'.
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d8ajoGL8jII
This is a beautiful recent documentary. Relevant on themes around ecological ethics. Sharing a summary based on the transcripts over here. Some good perspectives and case studies also embedded in it. It might be useful.
This is a beautiful recent documentary. Relevant on themes around ecological ethics. Sharing a summary based on the transcripts over here. Some good perspectives and case studies also embedded in it. It might be useful.
YouTube
Churning The Earth
In the face of widespread ecological destruction, social injustice, economic deprivation, there are powerful countercurrents. 'Ordinary' people in several parts of India are resisting the disruption of their lives, as also constructing alternatives in the…
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Summary of "Churning The Earth"
Environmental Crisis and Critique of Development:
The Earth is facing ecological collapse driven by unchecked economic growth, mass consumption, pollution, and biodiversity loss.
Over a billion people are already affected by climate change, with the situation projected to worsen.
The dominant model of "development" is seen as extractive and unsustainable, benefiting a few while harming communities and ecosystems.
Alternative Models and Local Solutions:
Ladakh Tourism: Once a low-impact region, tourism exploded, leading to ecological strain. A solution emerged through homestays, which reduced environmental damage and shared income with local communities.
Sustainable Farming: In various regions, communities have shown how traditional farming—using native seeds, local knowledge, and minimal inputs—can ensure food security and ecological balance.
Recognition of Indigenous Knowledge: Farmers and communities possess deep experiential knowledge often overlooked by mainstream science and policy. Valuing diverse knowledges is crucial for justice and sustainability.
Framework of Transformation – The ‘Flower’ Model:
A metaphorical flower represents five spheres of transformation:
Political Transformation – Community empowerment and local governance.
Social Justice – Addressing caste, gender, and ability-based inequalities.
Economic Justice – Localization, self-reliance, and a caring economy.
Cultural & Knowledge Diversity – Celebrating languages, crafts, and indigenous learning.
Ecological Wisdom – Respect for nature and interdependence.
Intersections of these spheres represent shared values like solidarity, justice, and sustainability.
Grassroots Examples:
Kunariya Village: A model of inclusive rural development focusing on equality, ecological resilience, and youth engagement.
Education at 'Muddam': An alternative learning space emphasizing play, nature, and community-based knowledge, especially post-COVID.
‘Third Share’ Model: A sustainable harvesting initiative where nature, local communities, and consumers each receive a fair share.
Nagaland Weaving Initiatives: Revival of indigenous seeds, traditional crafts, and women’s economic empowerment linked to cultural identity and resilience.
Resistance and Rebellion:
Activism and rebellion are portrayed as natural responses to exploitative development models. Movements resisting urban mega-projects or defending forests embody hope and alternative visions for progress.
Storytelling, music, and art are tools to express dissent and envision better futures.
Global Connection:
The film is part of a broader movement called the Global Tapestry of Alternatives, connecting similar grassroots efforts worldwide to build collective momentum for systemic change.
Final Message:
While dominant systems push a narrow vision of progress, countless communities are building viable alternatives rooted in justice, sustainability, and cultural richness.
Dreaming of better worlds and sharing these stories is essential to inspire broader transformation.
https://t.me/CivilsCatalyst
Environmental Crisis and Critique of Development:
The Earth is facing ecological collapse driven by unchecked economic growth, mass consumption, pollution, and biodiversity loss.
Over a billion people are already affected by climate change, with the situation projected to worsen.
The dominant model of "development" is seen as extractive and unsustainable, benefiting a few while harming communities and ecosystems.
Alternative Models and Local Solutions:
Ladakh Tourism: Once a low-impact region, tourism exploded, leading to ecological strain. A solution emerged through homestays, which reduced environmental damage and shared income with local communities.
Sustainable Farming: In various regions, communities have shown how traditional farming—using native seeds, local knowledge, and minimal inputs—can ensure food security and ecological balance.
Recognition of Indigenous Knowledge: Farmers and communities possess deep experiential knowledge often overlooked by mainstream science and policy. Valuing diverse knowledges is crucial for justice and sustainability.
Framework of Transformation – The ‘Flower’ Model:
A metaphorical flower represents five spheres of transformation:
Political Transformation – Community empowerment and local governance.
Social Justice – Addressing caste, gender, and ability-based inequalities.
Economic Justice – Localization, self-reliance, and a caring economy.
Cultural & Knowledge Diversity – Celebrating languages, crafts, and indigenous learning.
Ecological Wisdom – Respect for nature and interdependence.
Intersections of these spheres represent shared values like solidarity, justice, and sustainability.
Grassroots Examples:
Kunariya Village: A model of inclusive rural development focusing on equality, ecological resilience, and youth engagement.
Education at 'Muddam': An alternative learning space emphasizing play, nature, and community-based knowledge, especially post-COVID.
‘Third Share’ Model: A sustainable harvesting initiative where nature, local communities, and consumers each receive a fair share.
Nagaland Weaving Initiatives: Revival of indigenous seeds, traditional crafts, and women’s economic empowerment linked to cultural identity and resilience.
Resistance and Rebellion:
Activism and rebellion are portrayed as natural responses to exploitative development models. Movements resisting urban mega-projects or defending forests embody hope and alternative visions for progress.
Storytelling, music, and art are tools to express dissent and envision better futures.
Global Connection:
The film is part of a broader movement called the Global Tapestry of Alternatives, connecting similar grassroots efforts worldwide to build collective momentum for systemic change.
Final Message:
While dominant systems push a narrow vision of progress, countless communities are building viable alternatives rooted in justice, sustainability, and cultural richness.
Dreaming of better worlds and sharing these stories is essential to inspire broader transformation.
https://t.me/CivilsCatalyst
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Civils Catalyst by Jawwad Kazi
Jawwad Kazi is a senior faculty with a wealth of experience spanning years in guiding aspiring Civil Servants to success. This channel is dedicated for facilitating your prep through regular notes, updates and other quality resources.
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10 inspiring women sarpanches featured by The Better India
1. Chhavi Rajawat
Village/District, State: Soda, Tonk district, Rajasthan
Background: MBA graduate who left a telecom corporate career
Work: As Sarpanch since 2010, she introduced clean water, solar power, paved roads, toilets, a bank, and championed digital connectivity—earning a platform at the UN Infopoverty Conference
Wikipedia
2. Sushma Bhadu
Villages/District, State: Salam Khera, Chablamori & Dhani Miyan Khan, Haryana
Background: Mother of three; from a traditional setting resisting girls’ education
Work: Since 2010, abolished ghunghat norms, set up women’s training centre, achieved zero school dropouts, improved sanitation, and promoted the best sex ratio in the district
3. Meena Behen
Village/District, State: Vyara district, Gujarat
Background: Former member of a self-help group supported by World Vision
Work: Headed an all-women panchayat, empowered women, and spearheaded infrastructure improvements like roads, healthcare centres, and schools
4. Vandana Bahadur Maida
Village/District, State: Khankhandvi, Madhya Pradesh
Background: Homemaker; overcame family resistance and local patriarchy
Work: As first woman sarpanch, drove projects for bridges, schools, and livelihoods; recognized in the UN Women 2013 calendar
5. Arati Devi
Village/District, State: Dhunkapara, Odisha
Background: Former investment banker who relinquished her job
Work: Revived traditional folk arts, ensured effective access to welfare schemes, and promoted transparency—recognized by the US State Department’s leadership initiative
6. Atram Padma Bai
Villages/District, State: Eight tribal villages, Telangana
Background: Tribal farmer cultivating cotton, pulses on her land
Work: Used a ₹30,000 loan to start an equipment-sharing coop, built roads, implemented rainwater harvesting and school water pumps
7. Bhakti Sharma
Village/District, State: Barkhedi Abdulla, outskirts of Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh
Background: Political Science graduate who returned from the U.S.
Work: Elected 2014, she delivered government benefits effectively and aims to make the panchayat a model; listed among India’s 100 most influential women
8. Radha Devi
Village/District, State: Bhadsiya, Nagaur district, Rajasthan
Background: Educated up to class 5
Work: As sarpanch, protested schoolgirls doing manual chores, reprimanded authorities, boosted enrolment, and reduced dropout rates
9. Hinal Patel
Village/District, State: Sisva, Anand district, Gujarat
Background: Nursing graduate; led an all-women panchayat of educated, unmarried women aged 21–26
Work: Since 2011, they convene weekly, design and execute a structured development agenda, bringing professionalism to village governance
10. Nauroti Devi
Village/District, State: Harmada, Ajmer district, Rajasthan
Background: Dalit, illiterate, former stone-cutter; fought wage inequality
Work: Elected in 2010, she campaigned for fair wages, built toilets and homes, reclaimed land for a health centre, and introduced computer training. Left a ₹1.3 million surplus in the panchayat fund
https://t.me/CivilsCatalyst
1. Chhavi Rajawat
Village/District, State: Soda, Tonk district, Rajasthan
Background: MBA graduate who left a telecom corporate career
Work: As Sarpanch since 2010, she introduced clean water, solar power, paved roads, toilets, a bank, and championed digital connectivity—earning a platform at the UN Infopoverty Conference
Wikipedia
2. Sushma Bhadu
Villages/District, State: Salam Khera, Chablamori & Dhani Miyan Khan, Haryana
Background: Mother of three; from a traditional setting resisting girls’ education
Work: Since 2010, abolished ghunghat norms, set up women’s training centre, achieved zero school dropouts, improved sanitation, and promoted the best sex ratio in the district
3. Meena Behen
Village/District, State: Vyara district, Gujarat
Background: Former member of a self-help group supported by World Vision
Work: Headed an all-women panchayat, empowered women, and spearheaded infrastructure improvements like roads, healthcare centres, and schools
4. Vandana Bahadur Maida
Village/District, State: Khankhandvi, Madhya Pradesh
Background: Homemaker; overcame family resistance and local patriarchy
Work: As first woman sarpanch, drove projects for bridges, schools, and livelihoods; recognized in the UN Women 2013 calendar
5. Arati Devi
Village/District, State: Dhunkapara, Odisha
Background: Former investment banker who relinquished her job
Work: Revived traditional folk arts, ensured effective access to welfare schemes, and promoted transparency—recognized by the US State Department’s leadership initiative
6. Atram Padma Bai
Villages/District, State: Eight tribal villages, Telangana
Background: Tribal farmer cultivating cotton, pulses on her land
Work: Used a ₹30,000 loan to start an equipment-sharing coop, built roads, implemented rainwater harvesting and school water pumps
7. Bhakti Sharma
Village/District, State: Barkhedi Abdulla, outskirts of Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh
Background: Political Science graduate who returned from the U.S.
Work: Elected 2014, she delivered government benefits effectively and aims to make the panchayat a model; listed among India’s 100 most influential women
8. Radha Devi
Village/District, State: Bhadsiya, Nagaur district, Rajasthan
Background: Educated up to class 5
Work: As sarpanch, protested schoolgirls doing manual chores, reprimanded authorities, boosted enrolment, and reduced dropout rates
9. Hinal Patel
Village/District, State: Sisva, Anand district, Gujarat
Background: Nursing graduate; led an all-women panchayat of educated, unmarried women aged 21–26
Work: Since 2011, they convene weekly, design and execute a structured development agenda, bringing professionalism to village governance
10. Nauroti Devi
Village/District, State: Harmada, Ajmer district, Rajasthan
Background: Dalit, illiterate, former stone-cutter; fought wage inequality
Work: Elected in 2010, she campaigned for fair wages, built toilets and homes, reclaimed land for a health centre, and introduced computer training. Left a ₹1.3 million surplus in the panchayat fund
https://t.me/CivilsCatalyst
Telegram
Civils Catalyst by Jawwad Kazi
Jawwad Kazi is a senior faculty with a wealth of experience spanning years in guiding aspiring Civil Servants to success. This channel is dedicated for facilitating your prep through regular notes, updates and other quality resources.
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Select any four diverse case studies and remember them. Make it a cross cultural, regional pick.
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