Civil Services Pdf Notes
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CivilServices Pdf Notes

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Uppcs 2025 MAINS CUTOFF आसानी से निकालने की GYAN SIR की STRATEGY, DAILY STUDY PLAN


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🛡️ Pyrenees Mountains

♟️Pyrenees Mountains are a chain of mountains in southwestern Europe that form a natural border between Spain and France.
♟️It is a fold mountain chain created by the continental collision of the microcontinent of Iberia with the massive Eurasian plate .
♟️They are quite old mountains in comparison to the Alps.
♟️It extends for about 500 km from the coasts of the Mediterranean Sea in the east to the Bay of Biscay (Atlantic Ocean) in the west .
♟️Politically, it is divided into the Spanish and French Pyrenees.
♟️The tiny country of Andorra is found sandwiched between them, in the eastern part of the Pyrenees Mountains.
♟️It separates the rest of continental Europe from the Iberian Peninsula.
📌Prominent Ashokan Pillars (Mauryan Art & Administration)

⭐️Delhi–Topra Ashokan Pillar

🪄Originally erected at Topra (Haryana) during Ashoka’s reign
🪄Shifted to Delhi by Firoz Shah Tughlaq (14th century)
🪄Inscriptions promote Dhamma
🪄Unique references to:
🪄Taxation policies
🪄Administrative measures
🪄Welfare activities (tree planting, public good)
🪄Mentions Jains, showing religious tolerance

⭐️Prayagraj (Allahabad) Ashokan Pillar

🪄Located at Ganga–Yamuna confluence
🪄Contains edicts on governance and Dhamma
🪄Mentions Ashoka’s queen Karuvaki
🪄 Highlights her charitable and Dhamma-related contributions
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🛡️India's installed renewable energy rank in the world

♟️Total renewable energy- 4th

♟️Solar power- 3rd

♟️Wind power- 4th

♟️Hydro power- 5th

♟️Geothermal power- 15th.
*🛡️Lord Curzon*

♟️The Bardhaman municipality, West Bengal has decided to erect a statue of an erstwhile maharaja in front of the landmark Curzon Gate in the city.

*💎About Curzon*

♟️He served as Under-Secretary of State for India (1891-1892), and for Foreign Affairs (1895-1898), before being appointed Viceroy of India in 1899.

♟️Of all the Viceroys of India, Curzon is possibly the most criticised — he is the man who partitioned Bengal in 1905, and triggered a wave of Bengali nationalism that contributed to the wider Indian national movement. He was also one of the more openly imperialist of viceroys, and a man who saw Britain’s rule over India as critical to the survival of the empire.

♟️In 1900, Curzon famously stated, “We could lose all our [white settlement] dominions and still survive, but if we lost India, our sun would sink to its setting.”

*💎Reforms by Lord Curzon*

*♟️Educational* Curzon brought in the Indian Universities Act of 1904,which brought all the universities in India under the control of the government.

*♟️Scientific*  The Agriculture Research Institute in Pusa (Bihar – Bengal Presidency) was established.

*♟️Administrative* He instituted a Police Commission in 1902 under the chairmanship of Sir Andrew Frazer.

♟️During the Curzon regime, the Northwest Frontier Province (NWFP) was established which covered roughly the areas of the upper course of the River Indus.

*♟️Military*  Imperial cadet corpswas set up which became an instrument for the Indianisation of the army later.
🛡️ AD HOC JUDGE

♟️When there is a lack of quorum of the permanent judges to hold or continue any session of the Supreme Court, the Chief Justice of India can appoint a judge of a High Court as an ad hoc judge of the Supreme Court for a temporary period.

♟️He can do so only after consultation with the chief justice of the High Court concerned and with the previous consent of the president.

♟️The judge so appointed should be qualified for appointment as a judge of the Supreme Court.

♟️It is the duty of the judge so appointed to attend the sittings of the Supreme Court, in priority to other duties of his office. While so attending, he enjoys all the jurisdiction, powers and privileges (and discharges the duties) of a judge of the Supreme Court.
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*🛡️Ashoka Rock Edicts Features Inscribed in Edicts*

*♟️Major Rock Edict I :-* Prohibits animal slaughter Bans festive gatherings
*♟️Major Rock Edict II :-* Mentions the South Indian kingdoms such as Cholas, Pandya, Satyaputas and Keralaputras.
Deals with social welfare measures
*♟️Major Rock Edict III :-*
Liberty to Brahmanas Every five years Yukatas, Pradesikas along with Rajukas visit all the areas of the kingdom to spread Dhamma.
*♟️Major Rock Edict IV :-*
Preference of Dhammaghosa (Sound of peace) over Berighosa (Sound of wandrums).
Impact of Dhamma on society
*♟️Major Rock Edict V :-* Humane treatment of slaves by their masters Mentions about the appointment of Dhamma Mahamatras.
*♟️Major Rock Edict VI :-* Deals with the welfare measures King’s wish to know about the condition of the people
*♟️Major Rock Edict VII :-* Tolerance towards all religions and sects
*♟️Major Rock Edict VIII :-*
Mentions about Ashoka’s visit to Bodh Gaya and Bodhi tree Maintaining contact with rural people via Dharmayatras.
*♟️Major Rock Edict IX :-* Stresses on the moral conduct of people.
Avoiding expensive ceremonies
*♟️Major Rock Edict X :-* Condemns the desire for fame and glory
*♟️Major Rock Edict XI :-* Elaborate explanation of Dhamma
*♟️Major Rock Edict XII :-* Appeal for developing tolerance towards all religious sects.
*♟️Major Rock Edict XIII :-* Explains about Kalinga war and conquest through dhamma
*♟️Major Rock Edict XIV :-* Deals with the purpose of engraving inscriptions in various parts of the country.
012-2025 State Services Pre Exam 2025 - Result.pdf
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Maharashtra Civil Service Gazetted Combined Preliminary Examination - 2025 - State Service – Result has been published on the Commission's website.
https://mpsc.gov.in/result_of_exam/11#
https://mpsc.gov.in/announcement_and_circular/4#