Forwarded from UPSC Prelims Notes MCQs Quiz
Nobel Prize in Physics 2025
एक विद्युत परिपथ (electric circuit) में विशाल स्तर पर क्वांटम यांत्रिक टनलिंग (macroscopic quantum mechanical tunnelling) और ऊर्जा क्वांटीकरण (energy quantisation) की खोज के लिए।
The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences has decided to award the 2025 #NobelPrize in Physics to John Clarke, Michel H. Devoret and John M. Martinis for the discovery of macroscopic quantum mechanical tunnelling and energy quantisation in an electric circuit.
रॉयल स्वीडिश एकेडमी ऑफ साइंसेज ने 2025 का भौतिकी का नोबेल पुरस्कार जॉन क्लार्क, मिशेल एच. डेवरैट और जॉन एम. मार्टिनिस को देने का निर्णय लिया है एक विद्युत परिपथ (electric circuit) में विशाल स्तर पर क्वांटम यांत्रिक टनलिंग (macroscopic quantum mechanical tunnelling) और ऊर्जा क्वांटीकरण (energy quantisation) की खोज के लिए।
Forwarded from UPSC Prelims Notes MCQs Quiz
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2025
The 2025 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to Marie Brunko, Fred Ramsdell and Shimon Sakaguchi for discoveries concerning immune tolerance.फिजियोलॉजी या मेडिसिन के लिए 2025 का नोबेल पुरस्कार मैरी ब्रंको, फ्रेड रैम्सडेल और शिमोन सकागुची को "इम्यून टॉलरेंस" से संबंधित खोजों के लिए प्रदान किया गया हैForwarded from UPSC Prelims Notes MCQs Quiz
Q) Choose the correct statements:
1.Arsenic is naturally present at high levels in groundwater.
2.People who smoke tobacco can also be exposed to the natural inorganic arsenic.
1.Arsenic is naturally present at high levels in groundwater.
2.People who smoke tobacco can also be exposed to the natural inorganic arsenic.
Anonymous Quiz
8%
1 Only
23%
2 Only
63%
Both 1 and 2
6%
Neither 1 nor 2
Forwarded from UPSC Prelims Notes MCQs Quiz
Q) With reference to “Spot-bellied eagle owl” Choose the correct statements:
1. They are found all over the Indian subcontinent.
2. It is a large species of owl. 3. It screams similar to humans. 4. It is listed as Near Threatened in the IUCN Red List.
1. They are found all over the Indian subcontinent.
2. It is a large species of owl. 3. It screams similar to humans. 4. It is listed as Near Threatened in the IUCN Red List.
Anonymous Quiz
25%
1, 2 and 3 only
24%
2 and 3 only
36%
2, 3 and 4 only
15%
1, 3 and 4 only
Forwarded from UPSC Prelims Notes MCQs Quiz
Consider the following kinds of organisms:1.Green Algae 2. Cyanobacteria 3.Diatoms 4. Dinoflagellates Which of the above are primary producers in the food chain of the oceans?
Anonymous Quiz
21%
1 and 2 only
18%
2 and 3 only
31%
1, 3 and 4 only
30%
1, 2, 3 and 4
Forwarded from UPSC Prelims Notes MCQs Quiz
Q) Choose the correct statements:
1.Arsenic is naturally present at high levels in groundwater.
2.People who smoke tobacco can also be exposed to the natural inorganic arsenic.
1.Arsenic is naturally present at high levels in groundwater.
2.People who smoke tobacco can also be exposed to the natural inorganic arsenic.
Anonymous Quiz
6%
1 Only
19%
2 Only
71%
Both 1 and 2
4%
Neither 1 nor 2
Forwarded from UPSC Prelims Notes MCQs Quiz
Q) With reference to “Spot-bellied eagle owl” Choose the correct statements:
1. They are found all over the Indian subcontinent.
2. It is a large species of owl. 3. It screams similar to humans. 4. It is listed as Near Threatened in the IUCN Red List.
1. They are found all over the Indian subcontinent.
2. It is a large species of owl. 3. It screams similar to humans. 4. It is listed as Near Threatened in the IUCN Red List.
Anonymous Quiz
39%
1, 2 and 3 only
21%
2 and 3 only
28%
2, 3 and 4 only
11%
1, 3 and 4 only
Forwarded from UPSC Prelims Notes MCQs Quiz
Q. The main objective of sustainable tourism is:
Anonymous Quiz
5%
a) To increase the number of tourists
9%
b) To manage mass scale tourism and small scale travel
82%
c) To manage tourism and environment while maintaining cultural integrity and ecological processes
4%
d) None of the above
Forwarded from UPSC Prelims Notes MCQs Quiz
The knowledge of Ecological Pyramid can help us in the conservation of an ecosystem. With reference to this, which of the following statements is NOT true?
Anonymous Quiz
16%
It helps us in recognizing the keystone species.
45%
It helps us to recognize an invasive species.
23%
It helps us to identify bioaccumulation.
16%
It helps us to identify biomagnifications.
Forwarded from UPSC Prelims Notes MCQs Quiz
With reference to “Arribada formation by Olive Ridley / Kemp turtles”, which of the following statements is INCORRECT?
Anonymous Quiz
18%
It is a Spanish word meaning “arrival by sea”.
29%
It refers to the mass nesting behaviour exhibited by Kemp’s Ridley and Olive Ridley Sea turtles.
25%
Odisha’s Gahirmatha Marine Sanctuary and the Rushikulya coast are regions of Arribada formation.
29%
Olive Ridley turtles are placed in Critically Endangered category as per the IUCN Red List.
Forwarded from UPSC Prelims Notes MCQs Quiz
"Biorock technology" is talked about in which one of the following situations?
Anonymous Quiz
37%
(a) Restoration of damaged coral reefs
25%
(b) Development of building materials using plant residue
27%
(c) Identification of areas for /extraction of shale gas
10%
(d) Providing salt licks for wild animals in forests/protected areas
Forwarded from UPSC Prelims Notes MCQs Quiz
In the context of Socio-Religious Reform Movement, ‘Satya Shodhak Samaj’ organised
Anonymous Quiz
17%
A movement for the upliftment of tribals in Bihar.
14%
A temple entry movement in Gujarat.
9%
A peasant movement in Punjab.
61%
An anti-caste movement in Maharashtra.
Forwarded from UPSC Prelims Notes MCQs Quiz
Which of the following best describes 'Gatka'?
Anonymous Quiz
16%
Folk theatre of Kerala performed by tribals.
27%
Narration of mythical plays with emphasis on hand gestures and eye movements.
28%
A traditional theatre form of Kashmir where wit and parodies are used to induce laughter.
28%
A martial art associated with the Sikh history.
Forwarded from UPSC Prelims Mains Notes
Please open Telegram to view this post
VIEW IN TELEGRAM
Please open Telegram to view this post
VIEW IN TELEGRAM
Forwarded from UPSC Prelims Mains Notes
🛡️ *Swaran Singh Committee*
♟️In 1976, Congress Party set up the Sardar Swaran Singh Committee to make recommendations about fundamental duties, the need felt during the operation of the internal emergency (1975–1977).
♟️The committee recommended the inclusion of a separate chapter on fundamental duties in the Constitution.
♟️It stressed that the citizens should
become conscious that in addition to the enjoyment of rights, they also have certain duties to perform as well.
♟️The Congress Government at Centre accepted these recommendations and enacted the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act in 1976.
♟️This amendment added a new part, namely, Part IVA to the Constitution. This new part consists of only one Article, that is, Article 51A.
♟️Though Swaran Singh Committee suggested eight Fundamental Duties in the Constitution, the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act (1976) included ten Fundamental Duties.
♟️In 1976, Congress Party set up the Sardar Swaran Singh Committee to make recommendations about fundamental duties, the need felt during the operation of the internal emergency (1975–1977).
♟️The committee recommended the inclusion of a separate chapter on fundamental duties in the Constitution.
♟️It stressed that the citizens should
become conscious that in addition to the enjoyment of rights, they also have certain duties to perform as well.
♟️The Congress Government at Centre accepted these recommendations and enacted the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act in 1976.
♟️This amendment added a new part, namely, Part IVA to the Constitution. This new part consists of only one Article, that is, Article 51A.
♟️Though Swaran Singh Committee suggested eight Fundamental Duties in the Constitution, the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act (1976) included ten Fundamental Duties.
Forwarded from UPSC Prelims Mains Notes
*🛡️Countries Along the Tropics & Equator with Mnemonics*
*💎Tropic of Cancer (16 Countries)*
*💎Mnemonic:- ESTONIA WC plays BBL in MMMMU*
♟️Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Taiwan, Oman, Niger, India, Algeria, Western Sahara, China, Bangladesh, Bahamas, Libya, Mali, Myanmar, Mexico, Mauritania, UAE.
*💎Tropic of Capricorn (10 Countries)*
*💎Mnemonic:- CAB PNB Se Mumbai Aai*
♟️Chile, Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, Namibia, Botswana, South Africa, Mozambique, Madagascar, Australia.
*💎Equator (13 Countries)*
*💎Mnemonic:- ECB SaoTomo GCC UKS MIKi*
♟️Ecuador, Colombia, Brazil, Sao Tome & Principe, Gabon, Republic of Congo, DR Congo, Uganda, Kenya, Somalia, Maldives, Indonesia, Kiribati.
> *_Hit 👍🏻❤️ To Appreciate Our Consistent Efforts_**🛡️Countries Along the Tropics & Equator with Mnemonics*
*💎Tropic of Cancer (16 Countries)*
*💎Mnemonic:- ESTONIA WC plays BBL in MMMMU*
♟️Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Taiwan, Oman, Niger, India, Algeria, Western Sahara, China, Bangladesh, Bahamas, Libya, Mali, Myanmar, Mexico, Mauritania, UAE.
*💎Tropic of Capricorn (10 Countries)*
*💎Mnemonic:- CAB PNB Se Mumbai Aai*
♟️Chile, Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, Namibia, Botswana, South Africa, Mozambique, Madagascar, Australia.
*💎Equator (13 Countries)*
*💎Mnemonic:- ECB SaoTomo GCC UKS MIKi*
♟️Ecuador, Colombia, Brazil, Sao Tome & Principe, Gabon, Republic of Congo, DR Congo, Uganda, Kenya, Somalia, Maldives, Indonesia, Kiribati.
Hit 👍🏻❤️ To Appreciate Our Consistent Efforts
*💎Tropic of Cancer (16 Countries)*
*💎Mnemonic:- ESTONIA WC plays BBL in MMMMU*
♟️Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Taiwan, Oman, Niger, India, Algeria, Western Sahara, China, Bangladesh, Bahamas, Libya, Mali, Myanmar, Mexico, Mauritania, UAE.
*💎Tropic of Capricorn (10 Countries)*
*💎Mnemonic:- CAB PNB Se Mumbai Aai*
♟️Chile, Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, Namibia, Botswana, South Africa, Mozambique, Madagascar, Australia.
*💎Equator (13 Countries)*
*💎Mnemonic:- ECB SaoTomo GCC UKS MIKi*
♟️Ecuador, Colombia, Brazil, Sao Tome & Principe, Gabon, Republic of Congo, DR Congo, Uganda, Kenya, Somalia, Maldives, Indonesia, Kiribati.
> *_Hit 👍🏻❤️ To Appreciate Our Consistent Efforts_**🛡️Countries Along the Tropics & Equator with Mnemonics*
*💎Tropic of Cancer (16 Countries)*
*💎Mnemonic:- ESTONIA WC plays BBL in MMMMU*
♟️Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Taiwan, Oman, Niger, India, Algeria, Western Sahara, China, Bangladesh, Bahamas, Libya, Mali, Myanmar, Mexico, Mauritania, UAE.
*💎Tropic of Capricorn (10 Countries)*
*💎Mnemonic:- CAB PNB Se Mumbai Aai*
♟️Chile, Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, Namibia, Botswana, South Africa, Mozambique, Madagascar, Australia.
*💎Equator (13 Countries)*
*💎Mnemonic:- ECB SaoTomo GCC UKS MIKi*
♟️Ecuador, Colombia, Brazil, Sao Tome & Principe, Gabon, Republic of Congo, DR Congo, Uganda, Kenya, Somalia, Maldives, Indonesia, Kiribati.
Hit 👍🏻❤️ To Appreciate Our Consistent Efforts
Forwarded from UPSC Prelims Notes MCQs Quiz
#Question:- Which of the following is NOT included in the calculation of Consumer Price Index (CPI) in India?
#Question:- निम्नलिखित में से कौन भारत में उपभोक्ता मूल्य सूचकांक (CPI) की गणना में शामिल नहीं है?*
A) Services (सेवाएं)👍
B) Food and beverages (खाद्य और पेय पदार्थ) 🥰
C) Fuel and light (ईंधन और प्रकाश) ❤️
D) Capital goods (पूंजीगत वस्तुएं)🙏
👉 Answer With Emojis✅
#Question:- निम्नलिखित में से कौन भारत में उपभोक्ता मूल्य सूचकांक (CPI) की गणना में शामिल नहीं है?*
A) Services (सेवाएं)
B) Food and beverages (खाद्य और पेय पदार्थ) 🥰
C) Fuel and light (ईंधन और प्रकाश) ❤️
D) Capital goods (पूंजीगत वस्तुएं)
Please open Telegram to view this post
VIEW IN TELEGRAM
👏1
Forwarded from UPSC Prelims Notes MCQs Quiz
Happy Diwali everyone May the joy and light of this beautiful Festival brighten your life, today and always.
Happy Diwali to all of you 💐💐💐💐
Happy Diwali to all of you 💐💐💐💐
Forwarded from UPSC Prelims Mains Notes
*🛡️Ajivika Philosophy* – Key Idea Only
*💎Founder*
♟️Makkhali Gosala
*💎Core Belief System*
♟️Strict determinism — belief in destiny (Niyati)
♟️Rejects karma — everything is preordained, no role of karma in liberation
*💎Path to Salvation*
♟️Liberation is automatic through cycles of rebirth, no conscious effort required
*💎Founder*
♟️Makkhali Gosala
*💎Core Belief System*
♟️Strict determinism — belief in destiny (Niyati)
♟️Rejects karma — everything is preordained, no role of karma in liberation
*💎Path to Salvation*
♟️Liberation is automatic through cycles of rebirth, no conscious effort required
Forwarded from UPSC Prelims Mains Notes
*🛡️Tropical Rain Destabilises Oceans Only When Light*
*💎Key Findings*
♟️Scientists earlier believed rain makes the ocean’s surface more buoyant (due to freshwater being lighter)
♟️New study (Univ. of Washington, July 2025) finds light rain destabilises the ocean, but heavy rain stabilises it
*💎Mechanism*
♟️Rain in tropics often comes with cold pools (cold, dry air + clouds)
♟️These cool the surface, block sunlight & transfer heat to air
♟️Thus, heavier rain makes surface cooler and more stable
♟️Light rain (0.2–4 mm/hr) increases mixing, while heavy rain = negative buoyancy flux (surface stays more stable)
*💎Additional Observations*
♟️Rainfall at night destabilises oceans more than during the day
♟️Researchers identified:
*⚜️Cold Rain Zone* (W. Pacific & Indian Ocean): High heat loss
*⚜️Hot Rain Zone* (Central Pacific): Less heat loss
*💎Impact on Climate*
♟️Ocean mixing affects carbon, heat, nutrient transport
♟️Rainfall dynamics influence weather and climate models
♟️Study highlights risk of prediction errors due to simplistic assumptions.
*💎Key Findings*
♟️Scientists earlier believed rain makes the ocean’s surface more buoyant (due to freshwater being lighter)
♟️New study (Univ. of Washington, July 2025) finds light rain destabilises the ocean, but heavy rain stabilises it
*💎Mechanism*
♟️Rain in tropics often comes with cold pools (cold, dry air + clouds)
♟️These cool the surface, block sunlight & transfer heat to air
♟️Thus, heavier rain makes surface cooler and more stable
♟️Light rain (0.2–4 mm/hr) increases mixing, while heavy rain = negative buoyancy flux (surface stays more stable)
*💎Additional Observations*
♟️Rainfall at night destabilises oceans more than during the day
♟️Researchers identified:
*⚜️Cold Rain Zone* (W. Pacific & Indian Ocean): High heat loss
*⚜️Hot Rain Zone* (Central Pacific): Less heat loss
*💎Impact on Climate*
♟️Ocean mixing affects carbon, heat, nutrient transport
♟️Rainfall dynamics influence weather and climate models
♟️Study highlights risk of prediction errors due to simplistic assumptions.