Which of the following statements are
correct regarding functions of a
Constitution?
1. It provides a set of basic rules that allow
for minimal coordination amongst
members of a society.
2. It enables the government to create
conditions for a just society.
3. It specifies who has the power to make
decisions in a society.
Select the correct answer using the code
given below.
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3

What is the provision to safeguard the autonomy of the Supreme Court of India?
1. While appointing the Supreme Court Judges, the President of India has to consult the
Chief Justice of India.
2. The Supreme Court Judges can be removed by the Chief Justice of India only.
3. The salaries of the Judges are charged on the Consolidated Fund of India to which
the legislature does not have to vote.
4. All appointments of officers and staffs of the Supreme Court of India are made by
the Government only after consulting the Chief Justice of India.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
a) 1 and 3 only
b) 3 and 4 only
c) 4 only
d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

With regard to the Comptroller and Auditor
General of India (CAG), consider the
following statements:
1. The reports of the CAG are examined by
the Estimates Committee of Lok Sabha.
2. He has no control over the issue of
money from Consolidated Fund of India.
Which of the statements given above is/are
correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Volcano sites in the world

India : Baratang and Barren

Indonasia : Krakatau, Sinabung, Merapi

Japan : Mount Asma, Mt Aso, Mt Hakone, Mt Shindke

Mexico : Popocatépet, Volcán de Colima

US : Mt Cliveland, Mt Shishaldin

Ethiopia : Erta ale

UK : Kilauea (Hawai)

Papua New Guinea : Bagana

Antartica : Mt Erebus

Russia : Chirinkotan, Shiveluch

Italy : Mt Etna, Stromboli

🛑 Briefly Explained

🟡 What is a Glacial lake

✅ A glacial lake is a body of water with origins from glacier activity.

✅ They are formed when a glacier erodes the land, and then melts, filling the depression created by the glacier.

🟡 Formation

✅ Near the end of the last glacial period, roughly 10,000 years ago, glaciers began to retreat.

✅ A retreating glacier often left behind large deposits of ice in hollows between drumlins or hills.

✅ As the ice age ended, these melted to create lakes.

✅ These lakes are often surrounded by drumlins, along with other evidence of the glacier such as moraines, eskers and erosional features such as striations and chatter marks.

✅ The moraine creates topographic depression in which the melt water is generally accumulated leading to formation of glacial lake.

✅ When this lake is watertight, melt waters will accumulate in the basin until seepage or overflow limits the lake level.

✅ Such moraine-dammed lakes appear to be the most common type of glacial lakes.

✅ The impoundment of the melt may sometimes be unstable, leading to sudden release of large quantities of stored water.

✅ Failure of these ice or moraine dams leading to disastrous destruction events has been documented throughout the world.

✅ Flash floods caused by the outburst of glacial lakes, called as Glacial Lake Outburst Flood (GLOF), are well known in Himalaya where such lakes had often been formed by landslides.

✅ The formation and characteristics of glacial lakes vary between location and can be classified into
◼️ glacial erosion lake,
◼️ ice-blocked lake,
◼️moraine-dammed lake,
◼️other glacial lake,
◼️supraglacial lake, and
◼️subglacial lake.

Which is Not Naturally Occurring Greenhouse Gas?

(a) Nitrous oxide

(b) Methane

(c) Carbon dioxide

(d) Ethane

According to article 233 of the constitution, a district judge is appointed by the
(A) Chief justice of the state High court
(B) Governor of the state
(C) Chief minister of the state
(D) none of the above

The first Famine Commission was constituted under ____.
(A) Campbell commission
(B) MacDonnell Commission
(C) Strachey commission
(D) Lyall commission

Which of the following statement is/are true
about coriolis force ?
1. It deflects the wind to the right direction
in the northern hemisphere and to the
left in the southern hemisphere.
2. It is maximum at the poles and is absent
at the equator.
3. It plays a vital role in the formation of
cyclones in tropics.
Codes:
(a) Only 1
(b) 2 and 3
(c) Only 3
(d) All

Which of the following terms feature in the
Preamble to Indian Constitution?
1. Secular
2. Fraternity
3. Communism
4. Equality
5. Inclusive
Select the correct answer using the code
given below.
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 3, 4 and 5 only
(c) 1, 2 and 4 only
(d) 1, 2, 4 and 5 only