*🛡️Women & Gender Data Highlights*

♟️Overall sex ratio = 1020 women for every 1000 men, sex ratios at birth abnormally low = 929/1000

♟️Increase in share of gender budget in total union budget to 6.5% in 2024

♟️Female Labour Force Participation Rate - 2023 = 37% (2018 = 23%), global average = 65%

♟️PMJDY - 55% account holders are women

♟️India ranked 129/146 in Global Gender Gap Index 2024, ranked behind neighbours like B’desh (99), China (106), Nepal (117), Sri Lanka (122), Bhutan (124)

♟️Women in India on average earn 70% of what men earn for the same job (globally = 80%)

♟️Women in Indian Parliament = 14.7% (lower than global avg of 27%)

♟️Literacy rate of women in India is 65% while that of men is 82%

♟️Women make up > 40% of STEM graduates but constitue < 15% of STEM professionals employed in R&D institutions

♟️More than 90% of women are involved in unpaid domestic services for household members (men = 27%)

♟️57% of the women aged 15-49 are anaemic

♟️74.10% of married women have their demand for family planning met by any modern method

♟️210 among every 1,000 persons in managerial positions are women

♟️55.63% Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan accounts held by women.

*🛡️Important Conferences Related to Environment*

♟️Ramsar Convention - 1971
♟️Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora - 1973
♟️Montreal Protocol - 1987
♟️Vienna Convention - 1988
♟️Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) - 1992
♟️United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) - 1992
♟️Basel Convention - 1989
♟️Rio Summit - 1992
♟️Stockholm Convention - 2001
Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety - 2000
♟️UN-REDD - 2008
♟️Nagoya Protocol - 2010
♟️Minamata Convention - 2013
♟️United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) - 1994
♟️Kyoto Protocol - 1997
♟️Rotterdam Convention - 1998

🇮🇳 REPUBLIC DAY EXTENDED SPECIAL OFFER 🇮🇳

🎁 Get ₹2,000 EXTRA OFF +
👉 UPTO 77% OFF + DOUBLE VALIDITY

📘 Valid on ALL UPSC Courses
✔️ P2I Foundation Batches
✔️ Optional Subject Batches

📞 Need clarity? Talk to our experts now: 76-4000-3000
👉 Enroll before the offer ends:
https://studyiq.u9ilnk.me/d/AmJ7jhlx7l

⏰ Hurry! Extra ₹2,000 OFF valid only till 8 PM TODAY

🚀 Enrol today, save ₹2000 extra,
and take one more step closer to your UPSC dream 🇮🇳

*🛡️Major Wildlife Institutes*

♟️Indian Zoological Survey Centre – Kolkata
♟️Centre for Ecological Sciences – Bengaluru
♟️Indian Institute of Forest Management – Bhopal
♟️Govind Ballabh Pant Institute – Almora (Uttarakhand)
♟️Indian Forest College – Dehradun (Uttarakhand)
♟️Indian Forest Survey Centre – Dehradun (Uttarakhand)
♟️Indian Institute of Ecology and Environment – New Delhi
♟️Indian Forest Ranger College – Dehradun
♟️Indian Wildlife Research Institute – Dehradun
♟️Indian Zoological Survey Centre Kolkata
♟️Indian Wildlife Research Institute – Dehradun
♟️Indian Botanical Garden – Kolkata
♟️Salim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Natural History (SACON) – Coimbatore (Tamil Nadu)
♟️National Environmental Research Institute – Nagpur
♟️Rainforest Research Institute – Jorhat
♟️Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding Institute - Coimbatore
♟️Forest Productivity Centre – Ranchi
♟️Central Avian Research Institute - Izzatnagar, Bareilly.


*🛡️Pacific Ocean*

*💎Warm Currents:-*
♟️1. Kuroshio Current (Japan Current)
♟️2. North Equatorial Current
♟️3. South Equatorial Current
♟️4. East Australian Current
♟️5. Equatorial Counter Current
♟️6. Alaskan Current

*💎Cold Currents:-*
♟️1. Oyashio Current
♟️2. California Current
♟️3. Peru Current (Humboldt Current)
♟️4. West Wind Drift (part of Antarctic Circumpolar Current).

🇮🇳 Republic Day Sale - FINAL WINDOW! 🇮🇳

🔥 UPTO 77% OFF + DOUBLE VALIDITY on ALL StudyIQ Courses
This is the final opportunity to get more time at the lowest price.

📚 Classes | Mentorship | Tests | Strategy
Everything your UPSC prep needs — in one place ✔️

🎁 Use Code: UNITY for maximum savings

📞 Still thinking? Talk to an expert NOW: 76-4000-3000
👉 Enrol before the window shuts: https://studyiq.u9ilnk.me/d/AmJ7jhlx7l

⚠️ Once this ends, prices go up. Decide today.

*Supporting Balanced Fertilization:*
*Nutrient-Based Subsidy Rates for Rabi 2025–26*

_Ensuring affordability and productivity in Indian agriculture_

Key Highlights

🌾 The Government *approved the Nutrient-Based Subsidy (NBS) rates for Rabi 2025–26* , effective from 1 October 2025 to 31 March 2026, covering Phosphatic and Potassic (P&K) fertilizers, including DAP and NPKS grades.

💰 The *tentative budgetary requirement for Rabi 2025–26* is approximately *₹37,952 crore ,about ₹736 crore higher* than the budgetary requirement for the Kharif 2025 season.

📊 Over *₹2.04 lakh crore allocated* between 2022–23 and 2024–25 towards *NBS subsidies* , ensuring affordable access to fertilizers.

🏭 NBS has driven *significant growth in domestic fertilizer production* , with P&K fertilizers (DAP and NPKS) output *increasing from 112.19 LMT in 2014 to 168.55 LMT in 2025* (as on 30.12.2025), reflecting over *50% growth* during the period.

🇮🇳 Republic Day Sale - FINAL WINDOW! 🇮🇳

🔥 UPTO 77% OFF + DOUBLE VALIDITY on ALL StudyIQ Courses
This is the final opportunity to get more time at the lowest price.

📚 Classes | Mentorship | Tests | Strategy
Everything your UPSC prep needs — in one place ✔️

🎁 Use Code: UNITY for maximum savings

📞 Still thinking? Talk to an expert NOW: 76-4000-3000
👉 Enrol before the window shuts: https://studyiq.u9ilnk.me/d/AmJ7jhlx7l

⚠️ Once this ends, prices go up. Decide today.

🇮🇳 Republic Day Sale - FINAL WINDOW! 🇮🇳

🔥 UPTO 77% OFF + DOUBLE VALIDITY on ALL StudyIQ Courses
This is the final opportunity to get more time at the lowest price.

📚 Classes | Mentorship | Tests | Strategy
Everything your UPSC prep needs — in one place ✔️

🎁 Use Code: UNITY for maximum savings

📞 Still thinking? Talk to an expert NOW: 76-4000-3000
👉 Enrol before the window shuts: https://studyiq.u9ilnk.me/d/AmJ7jhlx7l

⚠️ Once this ends, prices go up. Decide today.

दोनों भाषाओं में UPPSC HEO 2026 (Health Education Officer) Complete GS Study Material & Recorded Classes Batch PDF download allowed, Validity : Till Exam

सिर्फ : 1499 रुपए में

Course लेने के लिए तुरंत CLICK करें - https://studycivilservices.page.link/fgDR3ttpHxBpjx6H8

Uppsc HEO health education officer swasthya shiksha adhikari vacancy complete preparation Gyan sir batch

*🛡️Dead Sea*

♟️The Dead Sea, also known as the Salt Sea, is a saline lake in southwestern Asialocated between Jordan and Israel.
♟️It lies to the east of the Mediterranean Sea and south of the Sea of Galilee.
♟️It lies in the Jordan Rift Valley, and its main tributary is the Jordan River.
♟️It is deepest Hypersaline Lake in the world.
♟️To the west of the Dead Sea, the Judaean Mountains rise less steeply and are much lower than the mountains to the East.
♟️It is located at an elevation of 5 meters below sea level, making it the Earth’s lowest land-based feature.
♟️ *Salinity* The Dead Sea is one of the Earth’s saltiest water bodies, almost ten times saltier than ordinary seawaters. It has a salinity of 34.2%.
♟️It is the fourth saltiest body of water in the world, ranking behind Antarctica’s Don Juan Pond and Lake Vanda, and Djibouti’s Lake Assal.
♟️The Dead Sea has one main inlet (the Jordan River) but does not have an outlet and so loses its water mainly through evaporation.
♟️The high saline level and the harsh climate make the lake devoid of life, except for algae and other microorganisms.
♟️It has a density of 1.240 kg/L, which makes swimming in its waters similar to floating.

*🛡️Mineral and Energy Resources – Key Points*

*♟️Mineral resources*- Metallic & Non-metallic
*♟️Metallic*- Ferrous (iron ore) & Non-ferrous (copper)
*♟️Non-metallic*- Organic (coal, petroleum) & Inorganic (mica, limestone)
*♟️Exploration by*- GSI, IBM, & State Departments

*💎Mineral Belts in India*

*♟️1. North-Eastern*- iron ore, coal, bauxite
*♟️2. South-Western*- ferrous metals, bauxite
*♟️3. North-Western*- copper, building stones

*♟️Odisha*- largest iron ore & bauxite producer
*♟️Madhya Pradesh & Odisha*- major manganese producers
*♟️Andhra Pradesh*- largest mica producer
*♟️Jharkhand*- highest coal reserves
*♟️Chhattisgarh*- top coal producer
*♟️Rajasthan*- top petroleum producer

*♟️Uranium & Thorium*- vital for nuclear energy

*♟️Renewables*- solar, wind, tidal, geothermal, biogas