Anonymous Quiz
41%
1/7
18%
2/3
32%
2/7
9%
3/5
๐ statistics Quiz: #May23Attempt
If three coins are tossed simultaneously, what is the probability of getting two heads together?
If three coins are tossed simultaneously, what is the probability of getting two heads together?
Anonymous Quiz
23%
ยผ
17%
1/8
13%
5/8
46%
3/8
๐ statistics Quiz: #May23Attempt
A class consists of 10 boys and 20 girls of which half the boys and half the girls have blue eyes. Find the probability that a student chosen random is a boy and has blue eyes.
A class consists of 10 boys and 20 girls of which half the boys and half the girls have blue eyes. Find the probability that a student chosen random is a boy and has blue eyes.
Anonymous Quiz
39%
1/6
14%
3/5
46%
1/2
0%
None
๐ statistics Quiz:
A machine is made of two parts A and B. The manufacturing process of each part is such that probability of defective in part A is 0.08 and that B is 0.05. What is the probability that the assembled part will not have any defect?
A machine is made of two parts A and B. The manufacturing process of each part is such that probability of defective in part A is 0.08 and that B is 0.05. What is the probability that the assembled part will not have any defect?
Anonymous Quiz
24%
0.934
38%
0.864
14%
0.85
24%
0.874
๐2
Anonymous Quiz
22%
1/6
54%
2/9
15%
1/2
8%
1/8
Accounts all chapters charts.pdf
5 MB
โ
Accounts all chapters charts
โ Quick Revision
โ mindmap
๐ ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐๐๐ - @CAFOUNDATION2QUIZ๐
๐๐๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐๐๐ - @CA_FOUNDATION2 ๐
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โ Quick Revision
โ mindmap
๐ ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐๐๐ - @CAFOUNDATION2QUIZ๐
๐๐๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐๐๐ - @CA_FOUNDATION2 ๐
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Forwarded from ACHIEVERS_COMMERCE_ CLASSES {@Ca foundation2 } (Lohith)
ECONOMICS Chapter-2 (@ca_foundation2) Handwritten notes.pdf
7.7 MB
๐ฉ ECONOMICS Chapter-2 (@ca_foundation2) Handwritten notes
โ๏ธ CA Foundation
โโโโ โโโฃโโโ โโโ
โโโโโโโโ โโโโโโ
โชFOR NOTES :-
@CA_FOUNDATION2 โโโโโโโโโโโโโโ โโโโโโโ โโโโโโโ
โชFOR DOUBT DISCUSSION:-
@CAFOUNDATION2QUIZ โโโโโโโโโโโโโโ
โ๏ธ CA Foundation
โโโโ โโโฃโโโ โโโ
โโโโโโโโ โโโโโโ
โชFOR NOTES :-
@CA_FOUNDATION2 โโโโโโโโโโโโโโ โโโโโโโ โโโโโโโ
โชFOR DOUBT DISCUSSION:-
@CAFOUNDATION2QUIZ โโโโโโโโโโโโโโ
๐ Economics Quiz: #may23attempt
Spreading fixed costs over large number of units to reduce the per unit cost is called?
Spreading fixed costs over large number of units to reduce the per unit cost is called?
Anonymous Quiz
32%
Diversification
14%
Forecasting
26%
Budgeting
28%
Economies of Scale
๐ Economics Quiz: #may23attempt
External factors affecting a business environment is also referred to as factors?
External factors affecting a business environment is also referred to as factors?
Anonymous Quiz
9%
Controllable
15%
Relevant
36%
Global
40%
Uncontrollable
๐ Economics Quiz: #may23attempt
Dividing consumer into groups based on different consumer characteristics, to deliver specially designed advertisements that meet these characteristics as closely as possible, is known as-
Dividing consumer into groups based on different consumer characteristics, to deliver specially designed advertisements that meet these characteristics as closely as possible, is known as-
Anonymous Quiz
20%
(a) Mass marketing
28%
(b) Market targeting
46%
(c) Market segmentation
6%
(d) Marketing plan
โก๏ธ CA Foundation LAW Important Case study @CA_FOUNDATION2
โฆ๏ธ Question:
A, an assessee, had large income in the form of dividend and interest. In order to reduce his tax
liability, he formed four private limited company and transferred his investments to them in
exchange of their shares. The income earned by the companies was taken back by him as pretended loan. Can A be regarded as separate from the private limited company he formed?
โ๏ธ Provisions:
1. The House of Lords in Salomon Vs Salomon & Co. Ltd. laid down that a company is a person distinct and separate from its members, and therefore, has an independent separate legal existence from its members who have constituted the company.
2. But under certain circumstances the separate entity of the company may be ignored by the courts.When that happens, the courts ignore the corporate entity of the company and look behind the corporate faรงade and hold the persons in control of the management of its affairs liable for the acts of the company.
3. Where a company is incorporated and formed by certain persons only for the purpose of evading taxes, the courts have discretion to disregard the corporate entity and tax the income in the hands
of the appropriate assesse.
4. In Dinshaw Maneckjee Petit case it was held that the company was not a genuine company at all
but merely the assessee himself disguised that the legal entity of a limited company. The assessee
earned huge income by way of dividends and interest. So, he opened some companies and
purchased their shares in exchange of his income by way of dividend and interest. This income
was transferred back to assessee by way of loan. The court decided that the private companies
were a sham and the corporate veil was lifted to decide the real owner of the income.
๐น Fact of case:
In the instant case, the four private limited companies were formed by A, the assesse, purely and simply as a means of avoiding tax and the companies were nothing more than the faรงade of the assesse himself. Therefore, the whole idea of Mr. A was simply to split his income into four parts with a view to evade tax. No other business was done by the company
โช๏ธAnswer:
Hence, A cannot be regarded as separate from the private limited companies he formed
โฆ๏ธ Question:
A, an assessee, had large income in the form of dividend and interest. In order to reduce his tax
liability, he formed four private limited company and transferred his investments to them in
exchange of their shares. The income earned by the companies was taken back by him as pretended loan. Can A be regarded as separate from the private limited company he formed?
โ๏ธ Provisions:
1. The House of Lords in Salomon Vs Salomon & Co. Ltd. laid down that a company is a person distinct and separate from its members, and therefore, has an independent separate legal existence from its members who have constituted the company.
2. But under certain circumstances the separate entity of the company may be ignored by the courts.When that happens, the courts ignore the corporate entity of the company and look behind the corporate faรงade and hold the persons in control of the management of its affairs liable for the acts of the company.
3. Where a company is incorporated and formed by certain persons only for the purpose of evading taxes, the courts have discretion to disregard the corporate entity and tax the income in the hands
of the appropriate assesse.
4. In Dinshaw Maneckjee Petit case it was held that the company was not a genuine company at all
but merely the assessee himself disguised that the legal entity of a limited company. The assessee
earned huge income by way of dividends and interest. So, he opened some companies and
purchased their shares in exchange of his income by way of dividend and interest. This income
was transferred back to assessee by way of loan. The court decided that the private companies
were a sham and the corporate veil was lifted to decide the real owner of the income.
๐น Fact of case:
In the instant case, the four private limited companies were formed by A, the assesse, purely and simply as a means of avoiding tax and the companies were nothing more than the faรงade of the assesse himself. Therefore, the whole idea of Mr. A was simply to split his income into four parts with a view to evade tax. No other business was done by the company
โช๏ธAnswer:
Hence, A cannot be regarded as separate from the private limited companies he formed
๐3
๐ Economics Quiz
Which of the following is one of the most significant macro policy indicators that impact business?
Which of the following is one of the most significant macro policy indicators that impact business?
Anonymous Quiz
22%
(a) Trade policy
30%
(b) International trade
43%
(c) Tax rates
5%
(d) Rural policy
๐ Economics Quiz
Where is the Indiaโs only port-led multi-product SEZ?
Where is the Indiaโs only port-led multi-product SEZ?
Anonymous Quiz
15%
(a) Kochi
36%
(b) Mumbai
8%
(c) Surat
41%
(d) Mundra
๐ Economics Quiz
A strategic response where businesses are very passive in their behaviour is called as -
A strategic response where businesses are very passive in their behaviour is called as -
Anonymous Quiz
33%
(a) Least resistance
15%
(b) Proceed with caution
34%
(c) Dynamic response
18%
(d) Strategic action