# Пример 1: Список содержит нечётное число
first_odd = None
for x in [2, 3, 4, 5]:
    if x % 2 == 1:  # Проверяем, является ли число нечётным
        first_odd = x
        break       # Прерываем цикл, так как элемент найден
else:
    raise ValueError('No odd elements in list')  # Выполнится, если цикл завершился без break

print(first_odd)  # Результат: 3

# Пример 2: Список не содержит нечётных чисел
for x in [2, 4, 6]:
    if x % 2 == 1:
        first_odd = x
        break
else:
    raise ValueError('No odd elements in list')  # Исключение будет поднято

# ValueError: No odd elements in list

class Pair:
    def __init__(self, left, right):
        self.left = left
        self.right = right
        
    def __repr__(self):
        class_name = type(self).__name__
        repr_left = repr(self.left)
        repr_right = repr(self.right)
        return f'{class_name}({repr_left}, {repr_right})'

In : p = Pair(1, 2)
In : p
Out: Pair(1, 2)
In : p.right = p
In : p
Out: [...]
RecursionError: maximum recursion depth exceeded while calling a Python object

@reprlib.recursive_repr()
def __repr__(self):
    class_name = type(self).__name__
    repr_left = repr(self.left)
    repr_right = repr(self.right)
    return f'{class_name}({repr_left}, {repr_right})'

In : p = Pair(1, 2)
In : p.right = p
In : p
Out: Pair(1, ...)

import os
import tempfile

with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as dir_path:
    open(os.path.join(dir_path, 'a'), 'w').close()
    open(os.path.join(dir_path, 'b'), 'w').close()
    open(os.path.join(dir_path, 'c'), 'w').close()

    assert files_of(dir_path) == ['a', 'b', 'c']

In : format(0.1, '.17f')
Out: '0.10000000000000001'

In : Decimal(1) / Decimal(3)
Out: Decimal('0.3333333333333333333333333333')

In [61]: Decimal(1) / Decimal(3) * Decimal(3) == Decimal(1)
Out[61]: False

In : Fraction(1) / Fraction(3) * Fraction(3) == Fraction(1)
Out: True

In : lion = 'Löwe'
In : lion.encode('utf-8')[2:]
Out: b'\xb6we'
In : lion.encode('utf-8')[2:].decode('utf-8')
...
UnicodeDecodeError: 'utf-8' codec can't decode byte 0xb6 in position 0: invalid start byte

0xxxxxxx
110xxxxx 10xxxxxx
1110xxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx
11110xxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx

def cut_bytes(s, n):
    result = s.encode('utf-8')[n:]
    mask = int('11000000', 2)
    conbyte = int('10000000', 2)
    while result[0] and result[0] & mask == conbyte:
        result = result[1:]

    return result.decode('utf-8')

In : cut_bytes(lion, 2)
Out: 'we'
In : cut_bytes(lion, 1)
Out: 'öwe'

with open('f') as f:
    with open('g') as g:
        with open('h') as h:
            pass

o = open
with o('f') as f, o('g') as g, o('h') as h:
    pass

with nested(o('f'), o('g'), o('h')) as (f, g, h):
    pass

from contextlib import ExitStack

with ExitStack() as stack:
    f = stack.enter_context(o('f'))
    g = stack.enter_context(o('g'))
    other = [
        stack.enter_context(o(filename))
        for filename in filenames
    ]

async def coroutine():
    await another_coroutine()

async def another_coroutine():
    future = asyncio.Future()
    await future

loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
loop.run_until_complete(coroutine())

class Awaitable:
    def __await__(self):
        future = asyncio.Future()
        yield future
            # RuntimeError: yield was used
            # instead of yield from in task

async def coroutine():
    await Awaitable()

loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
loop.run_until_complete(coroutine())

class GrandParent:
    pass

class Parent1(GrandParent):
    pass

class Parent2(GrandParent):
    pass

class Child(Parent1, Parent2):
    pass

In : Child.__mro__
Out:
(__main__.Child,
 __main__.Parent1,
 __main__.Parent2,
 __main__.GrandParent,
 object)

class Example:
    def __init__(self, x):
        self._x = x

    @property
    def x(self):
        return self._x