تسجيلات الدكتور إلياس في الreg

رابط فيه جميع تسجيلات د.محمد القرقوري
👇
على الميديا فاير
https://www.mediafire.com/folder/3choo9j3ee1zo/Dr.Mohamed_El-Gargouri

شيت الدكتور عبد الباري في جزئية regulation &expression

شوية فيديوات يساعدُوك في القرايا 😁

https://youtu.be/ohm-avnDYcM
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https://youtu.be/h_1QLdtF8d0
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https://youtu.be/O4SdDuBnoW4
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https://youtu.be/UXI3_tbsi0E
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https://youtu.be/O7TQm67yqIk
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https://youtu.be/oefAI2x2CQM

شوية ملخصات 😁

* chromatin =Total number of chromosomes
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* DNA is a polymer of deoxyribonucleoside monophosphates
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* The nucleotides in same strand are linked by 3__5 phosphodiester bond
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* 5 end (the end with free phosphate)
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* 3 end (the end with free hydroxyl)
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* 3 end & 5 end are not attached to other nucleotides
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* hydrophilic deoxyribose-phosphate is on outside
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* hydrophobic bases are stacked inside
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* always written in sequence from 5 to 3
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* The major & minor grooves of strands
( for the binding of regulatory proteins )
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* Actinomycine D (Anticancer drug)
(intercalating into the minor groove of DNA and block at path of helicase)
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* The base pairs are perpendicular to the axis of helix
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* chargaff Rule 👌
(adenine=thymine) & ( guanine=cytosine)
&(total amount of purines = total amount of pyrimidines )
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* The base pairs are held together by hydrogen bonds
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* Two hydrogen bonds between A&T
* three hydrogen bonds between G&C
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* The loss of helical structure in DNA called denaturation
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* DNA can reform the double helix by the process called renaturation or reannealing
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* B form is a right handed helix with 10 nucleotides base pairs per turn
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* A form a right handed helix with 11 nucleotides base pairs per turn
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* Z form (zigzags) ( rich C&G)
a left handed helix with 12 nucleotides base pairs per turn
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* chromatin in prokaryotes is (single circular supercoiled double stranded)
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* chromatin in eukaryotes (46 chromosome linear double stranded)
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* Eukaryotes heve closed circular DNA in mitochondria
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* genome in prokaryotes are ~(4 million)
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* genome in eukaryotes are ~(3 billion)
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* plasmid (present in prokaryote)
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* plasmid is (nonchromosomal DNA)
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* plasmid (carries genetic information & antibiotic resestant gene )
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