Ingliz tilida gap bo'laklari mosligi (parallel structure)

✳️ Ma'lumki, bog'lovchilarning gapdagi vazifasi bir vazifadagi gap bo'laklarini bog'lab kelishdir. Bog'lovchilarning bunday holatlarda ishlatilishi ingliz tilida 'parallel structure' deb nomlanadi. Mazkur bog'lovchilarga and, but, or yoki nor bog'lovchilari kiritish mumkin.
⚠️ Sodda qilib aytganda, bu bog'lovchilar bilan kelgan gap bo'laklari gapda bir xil vazifada bo'lishi lozim, ya'ni fe'l bilan fe'l, sifat bilan sifat qo'llanishi lozim.
🔸Steve and his friend are coming to dinner. (ot+'and'+ot)
🔸Susan raised her hand and snapped her fingers. (fe'l 'and'+fe'l)
🔸He is waving his arms and (is) shouting at us. (fe'l 'and'+fe'l - ikkinchi yordamchi fe'l tushirib qoldirilishi mumkin)
🔸These shoes are old but comfortable. (sifat+'but'+sifat)
🔸He wants to watch TV or (to) listen to some music. (infinitiv+'or'+infinitiv)

✳️ Mazkur mavzu nima uchun kerakligini yana bir marta tushuntirib beraman. Ba'zan biz ingliz tilida yozganimizda quyidagicha gapni yozishimiz mumkin.
🔸Kate studies by listening to music and sings at the same time.
Bir qarashda gapimizda xatolik yoq, mazmun bor. Lekin bu yerda gap bo'laklari mosligi (parallel structure) qoidasiga amal qilinmagan. Aslida 'and' bog'lovchisidan keyin 'sings' emas, 'listening' ga mos ravishda 'singing' so'zi qo'llanishi lozim.
✅ Kate studies by listening to music and singing at the same time.

✳️ Ingliz tilida yuqoridagi bog'lovchilardan tashqari juft qo'llaniladigan bog'lovchilar ham mavjud. Bularga both...and; not only...but also; either...or; neither...nor bog'lovchilari kiradi.
🔸Both my mother and my sister are here. ('both...and' bilan bog'langan otlar ko'plikdagi fe'l oladi)
🔸Not only my mother but also my sister is* here.
🔸Not only my sister but also my parents are* here.
🔸Neither my mother nor my sister is* here.
🔸Neither my sister nor my parents are* here.
*'not only...but also; either...or; neither...nor' bilan bog'langan otlarning qaysi biri fe'lga yaqin bo'lsa, fe'l shunga moslashadi.

✳️ Endi mazkur bog'lovchilarning 'parallel structure'da ishlatilishini ko'rib chiqamiz.
🔸The research project will take both time and money.(both+ot+ and+ot)
🔸Sue saw not only a fox in the woods but also a bear. (not only+noun but also+noun)
🔸I'll take either chemistry or physics next quarter.(either+noun+or+noun)
🔸That book is neither interesting nor accurate.(neither+sifat+nor+sifat)

☑️Kanallarimizga a'zo bo'ling👇
👉@grammar_ingliz

So'zlashuv uchun: Lug'at
⚡️ Fe'lli birikmalar

🎯 bring forward - oldinga surmoq
🎯 join in - qatnashmoq,

🎯 get round to - boshlamoq,
🎯 get up to - qilishi kerak bo'lmagan ishni qilmoq

🎯 go in for - qatnashmoq (musobaqada);
🎯 go off - yoqtirishdan to'xtamoq,

🎯 knock out - musobaqadan chiqarilib yuborilmoq; xushsiz qilmoq,
🎯 look out - ehtiyot bo'lmoq

🎯 pull out - to'xtatmoq, tashlamoq,
🎯 put up with - chidamoq

🎯 put off - keyinga qoldirmoq,
🎯 take to - nimanidir qilishni odatlantirmoq,

🎯 take up - boshlamoq (xobbi, sport...)
🎯 wash DOWN (ph.v) - ichib yubormoq

🎯 wash UP (ph.v) - idishlarni yuvmoq
🎯 wear AWAY (ph.v) – yemirilmoq (tosh, yog’och), sekin o’tmoq (vaqt)

🎯 wear sb/sth DOWN (ph.v) – qarshilikni yengmoq
🎯 welcome … sb TO a place - kutib olmoq

🎯 withdraw FROM sth - tortib olmoq, olib chiqib ketmoq
🎯 wonder AT sth -…dan hayratlanmoq

☑️Kanallarimizga a'zo bo'ling👇
👉@grammar_ingliz

📹 IELTS Vocabulary | Synonyms of 80 Most Commonly Used Words in Ielts Writing| Writing vocabular

☑️Kanallarimizga a'zo bo'ling👇
👉@grammar_ingliz

✅Vocabulary Time📋

💠 Vehicles and Buildings (Mashinalar va binolar)

🔸 🚑 Ambulance - Tez yordam
🔸🚲 Bicycle - Veloseped
🔸🚌 Bus - Avtobus
🔸 🚗 Car - Mashina
🔸🚛 Lorry - Katta yuk mashinasi
🔸 🚒 Fire engine - O't o'chirish mashinasi
🔸 🚙 Jeep - Jip
🔸 🏍 Motorcycle - Mototsikl
🔸 🚓 Police car - Politsiya mashinasi
🔸 🚤 Scooter - Skuter
🔸🏎 Sports car - Poyga mashinasi
🔸🚕 Taxi - Taksi
🔸 🚎 Tram - Tramvay
🔸 🚚 Truck - Kichkina yuk mashinasi
🔸 🚜 Tractor - Traktor
🔸 🚂 Train - Poyezd
🔸 🚅 Fast train - Tez yurar poyezd
🔸 🛩 Plane - Samalyot
🔸 🚁 Helecopter - Vertalyot
🔸 🛶 Boat - Qayiq
🔸 🛳 Ship - Kema
🔸 🚀 Rocket - Raketa
🔸 Satellite - Sun'iy yo'ldosh
🔸⛽️ Petrol station - Benzin butkasi
🔸🚦 Traffic Lights - Svetafor
🔸🚏 Signs - Znaklar(Belgilar)
🔸🏡 House - uy, hovli
🔸 🏬 Government building -Hokimiyat
🔸 🏦 Bank - Bank
🔸 🏨 Hospital - Kasalxona
🔸 💒 Church - Cherkov
🔸 🏛 Museum - Muzey
🔸 🏤 Cinema - Kinoteatr
🔸 🏰 Castle - Qasr
🔸 🏭 Factory - Zavod
🔸 🕌 Mosque - Masjid
🔸 🏫 School - Maktab
🔸 🏣 College - Kollej
🔸 🏢 University - Universtitut
🔸 🏥 Prison, Jail - Qamoqxona

☑️Kanallarimizga a'zo bo'ling👇
👉@grammar_ingliz

⚜THE FIRST MEETING
⚜ПЕРВАЯ ВСТРЕЧА
⚜BIRINCHI UCHRASHUV

🇬🇧Do you speak English ?
🇷🇺Вы говорите по-русски?
🇺🇿Siz ruscha gaplashasizmi?

🇬🇧A little.
🇷🇺Чуть-чуть.
🇺🇿Ozgina.

🇬🇧I understand English but I cannot speak it.
🇷🇺Я понимаю по-русски, но не могу говорить.
🇺🇿Men ruscha tushunaman, ammo gapira olmayman.

🇬🇧I can read it, but I can't speak it.
🇷🇺Я могу читать, но не могу говорить по-руски.
🇺🇿Men ruscha o'qiy olaman, lekin gaplasholmayman.

🇬🇧I can read English fairly well.
🇷🇺Я довольно сносно читаю по-русски.
🇺🇿Men ruschada ancha tuzuk o'qiyman.

🇬🇧I don't get enough practice in actual speaking.
🇷🇺У меня нет достаточной практики по разговорному языку.
🇺🇿Menda o'gzaki nutqda etarli tajriba yo'q.

♻️Yod oling va foydalaning!!!

👇👇👇👇

@grammar_ingliz

Foydali iboralar

♻️ Getting - be + getting (adj.)

☘️ It's getting late ! - Kech tushyabdi

☘️ It's getting dark ! - Qorong'u bo'lyabdi

☘️ It's getting cold ! - Sovuq bo'lyabdi

☘️ It's getting old - eskiryabdi

☘️ It's getting better- yaxshilanyabdi

☘️ Its getting worse - yomonlashyabdi

☘️ Its getting worse and worse - Kundan kunga yomonlashyabdi

☘️ Its getting crowded in here - odam ko'payyabdi

☘️ It's Getting Harder - og'irlashyabdi

☘️ It's getting serious - jiddiylashmoqda

☘️ I am getting confused - ikkilanib qoldim

☘️ I am getting better - yaxshilanayabman

☘️ I am getting bald - Sochim to'kilyabdi

☘️ I am getting bored - zerikayabman

☘️ I am getting married - uylanyabman

☘️ I am getting ready -tayyorlanayabman

☘️ I am getting stronger- kuchimga kuch qo'shilyabdi

☘️ She is getting divorced - u ajrashayabdi

✅ ​Useful for both vocabulary and grammar

Stative Verbs

🇺🇿 Holat fe'llarini "Continuous" zamonlarida qo'llab bo'lmaydi. Shuning uchun biz ularni qaysi "continuous" zamon ma'nosida qo'llamoqchi bo'lsak uning "simple" dagi sherigida qo'llaymiz. Masalan "Present Continuous" da emas "Present Simple" da qo'llaymiz.

✅ Example:

"Men sizni tushunmayapman"

Bu gap hozir davom etayotgan ish-harakatdek tarjima qilinadi, ammo biz uni "present simple" da qo'llaymiz. Chunki "understand" fe'li holat fe'li hisoblanadi.

✅ I don't understand you

❌ I am not understanding you

💠 Holat fe'llariga quyidagilar kiradi:

🔸 Know - bilmoq
🔸 Realize - anglamoq
🔸 Recognize - tanimoq
🔸 Love-sevmoq
🔸 Like - yoqtirmoq
🔸 Appreciate - qadrlamoq
🔸 Please - iltimos qilmoq
🔸 Prefer - afzal ko'rmoq
🔸 Possess/own - bor bo'lmoq
🔸 Seem - tuyilmoq
🔸 Sound - eshitilmoq
🔸 Resemble/Look like - o'xshamoq
🔸 Believe – ishonmoq
🔸 Suppose – deb o'ylamoq
🔸 Hate – nafratlanmoq
🔸 Dislike - yoqtirmaslik
🔸 Fear - qo'rqmoq
🔸 Envy - hasad qilmoq
🔸 Hear - eshitmoq
🔸 Owe - qarz bo'lmoq
🔸 Equal - teng bo'lmoq
🔸 Imagine - tasavur qilmoq
🔸 Doubt - shubhalanmoq
🔸 Forget - unitmoq
🔸 Mind - qarshi bo'lmoq
🔸 Care - ehtiyot qilmoq
🔸 Exist - bor bo'lmoq
🔸 Matter/Desire -sodir bo'lmoq
🔸 Want - xohlamoq
🔸 Need - kerak bo'lmoq
🔸 Mean - anglatmoq
🔸 Astonish/Amaze - hayron qolmoq
🔸 Surprise - hayratlanmoq
🔸 Belong - tegishli bo'lmoq
🔸 Consist of/Contain - iborat bo'lmoq
🔸 Include - o'z ichiga olmoq

​P/s: Quyidagi rasmda holat fe'llari to'liqroq berilgan. Yodlab oling.

🤓 Kanalda bundanda qiziq ma'lumotlarni topasiz kanalga qo'shiling👇
@grammar_ingliz

⛳ ️Informal & Formal VERBS

1 say sorry ➖ apologize, apologise
2 go up ➖ increase
3 go down ➖ decrease
4 set up ➖ establish
5 look at ➖ examine
6 blow up ➖ explode
7 find out ➖ discover
8 bring about ➖ cause
9 put off ➖ postpone, delay
10 rack up ➖ accumulate
11 make up ➖ fabricate
12 stand for ➖ represent
13 find out ➖ discover, ascertain
14 leave out ➖ omit
15 point out ➖ indicate
16 go against ➖ oppose
17 get in touch with ➖ contact
18 It’s about ➖ It concerns, It’s in regards to
19 need to ➖ required
20 think about ➖ consider
21 get ➖ obtain
22 put up ➖ tolerate
23 deal with ➖ handle
24 seem ➖ appear
25 show ➖ demonstrate, illustrate, portray
26 start ➖ commence
27 keep ➖ retain
28 free ➖ release
29 get on someone’s nerves ➖
bother
30 ring up ➖ call
31 show up ➖ arrive
32 let ➖ permit
33 fill in ➖ substitute, inform
34 block ➖ undermine
35 give the go ahead, greenlight ➖ authorize, authorise

☑️Kanallarimizga a'zo bo'ling👇
👉@grammar_ingliz

💠 IELTS Personality 8+ Vocabulary 🔥

🔰 Trustworthy - ishonarli

🔰 Reserved - uyatchan

🔰 Quick-tempered - jaxli tez

🔰 Thick-skinned - bezbet

🔰 Broad-minded - dunyoqarashi keng

🔰 Narrow-minded - dunyoqarashi tor

🔰 Two-faced - ikkiyuzlamachi

🔰 Self-assured - o'ziga ishongan

🔰 Self-effacing - kamtar

🔰 Self-centered - xudbin

P.S. Sharing is caring 🤝

@grammar_ingliz

Useful |Vocabulary Time

🐎ANIMALS AND INSECTS🕷

1. 🐿Squirrel - Olmaxon
2. 🐀Rat - kalamush
3. 🐁Mouse - Sichqon
4. 🐇Rabbit - Quyon
5. 🕊Pigeon, Dove - Kabutar
6. 🦃Turkey - Kurka
7. 🐓Cock, Rooster - Xo'roz
8. 🐈Cat - Mushuk
9. 🐩Dog - Kuchuk
10. 🐑Ram - Qo'chqor
11. 🐐Goat - Echki
12. 🐖Pig - Cho'chqa
13. 🐎Horse - Ot
14. 🦍Monkey - Maymun
15. 🐘Elephant - Fil
16. 🐫Camel - Tuya
17. 🦌Deer - Kiyik
18. 🐄Cow - Sigir
19. 🐂Bull - Buqa
20. 🐅Tiger - Yo'lbars
21. 🐆Leopard - Leopard
22. 🐊Crocodile - Tumsox
23. 🐋Whale - Kit
24. 🦈Shark - Akula
25. 🐬Dolphin - Dilfin
26. 🐟Fish - Baliq
27. 🦀Crayfish - Qisqichbaqa
28. 🦂Scorpion - Chayon
29. 🦎Lizard - Kaltakesak
30. 🐍Snake - Ilon
31. 🐢Tortoise - Toshbaqa
32. 🕷Spider - O'rgimchak
33. 🐜Ant - Chumoli
34. 🐌Snail - Shillikqurt
35. 🦋Butterfly - Kapalak
36. 🐝Bee - Asalari
37. 🦇Bat - Ko'rshapalak
38. 🦅Eagle - Burgut
39. 🦆Duck - O'rdak
40. 🐥Chicken - Jo'ja
41. 🐧Penguin - Pingvin
42. 🐸Frog - Qurbaqa
43. 🦁Lion - Sher
44. 🐨Koala - Koala
45. 🐻Bear - Ayiq
46. 🐼Panda - Panda
47. 🦊Fox - Tulki
48. 🦑Octopus - Sakkizoyoq
49. 🦉Owl - Boyo'g'li
50. 🐲Dragon - Ajdarho

🏛 @grammar_ingliz