Have and have got

🔰 We often use has got / have got rather than has / have alone. So you can say:
—————————————
🔰 Biz ko‘pincha “has/have”ni yolg‘iz ishlatgandan ko‘ra “has got/have got”ni ishlatamiz. Demak siz ega bo‘lmoq ma’nosida quyidagicha aytishingiz mumkin:

• We have got a new car. Or • We have a new car.
• Ikkala gapning ham ma’nosi: Bizda mashina bor. / Biz mashinaga egamiz. degani.

• Tom has got a headache. Or • Tom has a headache.
• Tomda bosh og‘riq bor.

🔰 In questions and negative sentences there are three possible forms:
—————————————
🔰 So‘roq va inkor gaplarda ega bo‘lmoq uchta shaklda ishlatiladi:

🔸 So‘roq gaplar ❓ Questions:

1. Have you got any money?
2. Do you have any money?
3. Have you any money? (less usual)
• Puling bormi? (uchinchi gapdagi shakl kam qo‘llaniladi)

1. Has he got a car?
2. Does he have a car?
3. Has he a car? (less usual)
• Uning mashinasi bormi?

🔹 Inkor gaplar ❌ Negatives:

1. I haven’t got any money.
2. I don’t have any money.
3. I haven’t any money.
• Pulim yo‘q.

1. He hasn’t got a car.
2. He doesn’t have a car.
3. He hasn’t a car.
• Uning mashinasi yo‘q.

⚠️In the past we do not ❌ normally use got.
❗️ O‘tgan zamonda “got”ni ishlatmaymiz.

Masalan 📋 For example:

• When she was a child, she had long black hair.
• Bolaligida uning uzun qora sochi bore di.

🔰 In the past questions and negative sentences we normally use did/didn’t.
—————————————
🔰 O‘tgan zamondagi so‘roq va inkor gaplarda biz “did/didn’t”ni ishlatamiz.

Masalan 📋 For example:

• Did you have a car when you lived in London?
• Londonda yashaganingda mashinang bormidi?

#have #have_got

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✅Useful

✳️Minnatdorchilik va rozilik ✳️

▪️Thank you - Rahmat
▪️Thank you very much - Katta rahmat
▪️My deepest gratitude for your help - Yordamingizdan behad minnatdorman
▪️I’d like to express my gratitude - O’z minnatdorchiligimni izhor qilmoqchiman
▪️That’s very kind of you - Iltifotingiz uchun rahmat
▪️You’ve done me a great favour - Siz menga katta xizmat qildingiz

✳️Agreement - Rozilik ✳️

🔺Yes, certainly - Ha, albatta
🔺Sure - Turgan gap
🔺That’s right - To’g’ri
🔺Right you are - Siz haqsiz
🔺O.K. - Yaxshi, Durust
🔺Very good - Juda yaxshi
🔺I see - Ravshan.Tushunarli
🔺I think so - Shunday deb o’ylayman
🔺Most likely - Ehtimol, shunday
🔺I’m afraid so - Shunday bo’lsa kerak
🔺Definitely - So’zsiz. Shak -shubhasiz
🔺That’s just it - Xuddi shunday
🔺Willingly - Bajonidil
🔺With pleasure - Jon deb
🔺Undoubtedly - Shubhasiz
🔺I agree - Roziman
🔺Agreed - Kelishdik
🔺Fantastic - Juda soz. Balli. Ajabo
🔺Fine - Juda yaxshi
🔺That’s fine - Juda soz bo’libdi
🔺In a way that's so - Har qalay bu shundaydir!

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​The Living Room - Mehmonxona

Picture - rasm
Mantelpiece - kamin tokchasi
Fireplace - kamin
Plant - o'simlik
DVD player - DVD
Flat-screen TV - yassi ekranli televizor
Speaker - kalonka
Clock - soat
Rocking chair - tebranma stul
Armchair - kreslo
Radiator - isitgich
Lamp - lampa
End table - stolning osti
Rug - gilamcha
Air conditioner - konditsioner
Bookcase - kitob javoni
Shelf - shkaf
Sofa / couch - divan
Pillow - yostiq
Coffee table - kofe stoli

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Present perfect (I have done) or past simple (I did) (2)

🔰 Don’t use ❌ the present perfect (I have done) when you are talking about a finished time in the past (for example: yesterday, two years ago, in 1979, when I was a child). Use a past tense.
—————————————
🔰 O’tgan zamonda tugallangan ish harakat uchun “present perfect”ni ishlatmang ❌(masalan, kecha, ikki yil avval, 1979-yilda, bolaligimda). Bunday holatda o’tgan zamonni ishlating.

Misollar 📋 Examples:

• Tom lost his key yesterday.
• Tom kecha kalitini yo’qotib qo’ydi.

• Did you see the film on television last night?
• Kecha kechki paytgi kinoni ko’rdingmi?

🔰 Use a past tense to ask when something happened.
—————————————
🔰 Biror narsa qachon sodir bo’lganligini so’rash uchun o’tgan zamonni ishlating.

Misollar 📋 Examples:

• What time did they arrive?
• Ular qachon qaytib kelishdi?

• When were you born?
• Qachon tug’ilgansiz?

Taqqoslang 🔹🔸 Compare:

🔹 Tom has lost his key.

🔰 Here we are not thinking of the past action; we are thinking of the present result of the action: he is without his key now.
—————————————
🔰 Bu misolda biz o’tgan zamondagi voqea haqida o’ylamayapmiz; biz voqeaning hozirgi zamondagi natijasi haqida o’ylayapmiz: hozir uning kaliti yo’q.


🔸 Tom lost his key yesterday.

🔰 Here we are thinking of the action in the past. We don’t know whether Tom is still without his key.
—————————————
🔰 Bu misolda esa o’tgan zamondagi voqea haqida o’ylayapmiz. Biz hozir Tom kalitini topgan yoki yo’qligini bilmaymiz.

#present_perfect #past_simple
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🔎Sport:

1. ⚽️ Football - Futbol
2. 🏀 Basketball - Basketbol
3. 🏈 Rugby - Regbi
4. ⚾️ Baseball - Beysbol
5. 🎾 Tennis - Tennis
6. 🏐 Volleyball - Voleybol
7. 🏉 Handball - Qo'l to'pi
8. 🎱 Billiard - Bilyard
9. 🏓 Ping Pong - Stol tennisi
10. 🥅 Gate - Darvoza
11. 🏒 Hockey stick - Hokkey tayog'i
12. 🏏 Baseball stick - Beysbol tayog'i
13. ⛳️ Golf Course - Golf maydoni
14. 🏹 Arrow - Kamon
15. 🥊 Boxing glove - Boks qo'lqopi
16. 🥋 Karate - Karate
17. ⛸ Skates - Konki
18. ⛷ Skiing - Chang'ida uchish
19. 🏂 Snowboard - Qor taxtasi
20. 🏋️‍♀️ Weightlift - Og'ir atletika
21. 🤺 Fencing - Qilichbozlik
22. 🤼‍♂️ Wrestling - Kurash
23. 🧘‍♂ Yoga - Yoga
24. 🏄 Floating - Baydarkada suzish
25. 🏊‍♀️ Swimming - Suzish
26. 🚣‍♀️ Boating - Qayiqda suzish
27. 🏇 Horsing - Ot minish
28. 🚴‍♀️ Cycling - Veloseped minish
29. 🏆 Cup - Kubok
30. 🎳 Bowling - Bovling
31. 🏁 Race - Poyga


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✅ Phrasal verbs with " Have "

💎 Have a good time - yaxshi vaqt o'tkazmoq
💎 Have a rest - dam olmoq
💎 Have a break - tanaffus qilmoq
💎 Have a cold - shamollamoq
💎 Have 3 meals a day - kuniga 3 mahal ovqatlanmoq
💎 Have a headache - boshi ogrimoq
💎 Have a toothache - tishi ogrimoq
💎 Have a backache - beli ogrimoq
💎 Have a stomachache - oshqozoni ogrimoq
💎 Have a sore throat - tomogi ogrimoq
💎 Have a flu - gripp bolmoq
💎 Have a cough - yotalmoq
💎 Have a sneeze - aksirmoq
💎 Have one's English - Ingliz tili bilan shug'ullanmoq
💎 Have a smoke - chekmoq
💎 Have a tea - choy ichmoq
💎 Have a dictation - diktant yozmoq

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Save time - vaqtni tejamoq
Save money - pulni tejamoq
Save energy - quvvatni tejamoq
Save someone's life - bir kishini hayotini saqlab qolmoq
Save someone a seat - biror kishiga joy olib qo'ymoq

// Save uchun antonymy so'z bu: Waste

Waste time - vaqtni bekor sarflamoq
Waste money - pulni behuda sovurmoq


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📗 Book 1 | Unit 1

📑 Word list


🔰 afraid [adj.] — qo'rqqan, cho'chigan

— The woman was afraid of what she saw.
— Boyagi ayol ko'rgan narsasidan qo'rqib ketdi.


🔰 agree [v.] — rozi bo'lmoq, fikriga qo'shilmoq

— A: The food is very good in that restaurant. B: I agree with you.
— A: Haligi restorandagi ovqat juda yaxshi ekan. B: Ha, fikringga qo'shilaman.


🔰 angry [adj.] — jahli chiqqan, badjahl

— She didn’t do her homework, so her father is angry.
— U uy vazifasini qilmadi, shuning uchun dadasining jahli chiqqan.


🔰 arrive [v.] — qaytib kelmoq, kelmoq

— The bus always arrives at the corner of my street at 4:00.
— Avtobus doim soat 4.00 da ko'chamizning burchagiga qaytib keladi.


🔰attack [v.] – hujum qilmoq, hujum uyushtirmoq

– The man with the sword attacked the other man first.
– Qilichli odam boshqa odamga birinchi bo’lib hujum qildi.🔰promise [v.] – va’da bermoq

– He promised to return my key by tomorrow.
– U kalitimni ertaga qaytarib berishni va’da berdi.


🔰reply [v.] – javob bermoq

– She asked him what time his meeting was. He replied, “at three.”
– U (qiz bola) undan (o’g’il bola) uning uchrashuvi qachonligini so’radi. U “uchda”, deb javob berdi.

 
🔰safe [adj.] Hafsiz

– Put on your seat belt in the car to be safe.
– Xavfsiz bo’lish uchun mashinada xavfsizlik kamarini taqing.
 

🔰trick [v.] – xiyla, nayrang; focus

– His card trick really surprised us.
– Uning o‘yin kartasi bilan qilgan fokusi bizni chindan hayratga soldi.

 
🔰well [adv.] – yaxshi

– The couple can dance quite well.
– Juftlik juda yaxshi raqsga tusha oladi.🔰hunt [v.] – ov qilmoq, ovlamoq

– Long ago, people hunted with bows and arrows.
– Qadimda odamlar kamon va o’q bilan ov qilishgan.
 

🔰lot [n.] – juda ko’p

– There are a lot of apples in the basket.
– Savatda juda ko’p miqdordagi olmalar bor.
 

🔰middle [n.] – o’rta
🔺>>The middle of something is the center or halfway point. >>Biror narsaning middle qismi uning markazi yoki yarimini bildiradi.

– The Canadian flag has a maple leaf in the middle of it.
– Kanada bayrog’ining o’rtasida chinor bargi bor.

 
🔰moment [n.] – soniya, lahza, on, zum

– I was only a few moments late for the meeting.
– Men uchrashuvga bor yo’g’i bir necha soniyaga kech qoldim.
 

🔰pleased [adj.] – hursand, mamnun

– She was pleased with the phone call she received.
– U javob bergan telefon qo’ng’irog’idan mamnun edi.🔰bottom [n.] – tag, pastki qism

– The bottom of my shoe has a hole in it.
– Poyafzalimning pastki qismida teshigi bor.
 

🔰clever [adj.] – aqlli, ziyrak

– The clever boy thought of a good idea.
– Aqlli bola yaxshi g’oya o’yladi.

 
🔰cruel [adj.] – shafqatsiz, zolim

– The cruel man yelled at his sister.
– Berahm odam singlisiga baqirdi.

 
🔰finally [adv.] – axiyri, vanihoyat

– He finally crossed the finish line after five hours of running.
– U besh soatlik yugurishdan so’ng vanihoyat finish chizig’ini kesib o’tdi.
 

🔰hide [v.] – yashirinmoq, berkinmoq

– The other children will hide while you count to 100.
– Sen yuzgacha sanaguningcha boshqa bolalar berkinadi.
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🆙 #Prepositions

🤯 Ko'pchilik, hatto tilni yaxshi biladiganlar ham "prepositions" ya'ni "old ko'makchilar (predlog)" ni qo'llashda adashadi.

👨‍🏫Sizga eslab qolishga oson bo'lishi uchun predloglarni qarama-qarshi manoli sherigi bilan yozib chiqdim va ularga misol tariqasida gaplar ham bor. Sizga yoqadi degan umiddaman😊

TO - (tomon) ga
FROM - (tomon) dan
I am from Tashkent and I go to choyxona

ON - ustida
UNDER - tagida
the somsa is on the table but the beer is under the table

ABOVE - tepasida
BELOW - pasida
above the door is a sign "Welcome" and below the sign is another sign "Choyxona"

OVER - ustidan
UNDER - tagidan
I go over the Chilonzor bridge and under the Yunusobod bridge

IN FRONT OF - oldida
BEHIND - orqasida
Damas drivers are in front of Chorsu but the dollar exchange boys are behind Chorsu

INTO - ichiga
OUT OF - dan tashqariga
Come into the room only when I come out of the room

ONTO - ustiga
OFF - ustidan
If you're bored, jump onto the bed and jump off the bed

ALONG - bo'ylab
ACROSS - narigi tomonga
I walk along the street and then across the street

AMONG - orasida
BETWEEN - o'rtasida
Nigora is among ten girls and Oybek is between two boys

AWAY FROM - dan uzoqda
NEAR - yaqinda
she doesn't run away from me, she comes near me!

AROUND - atrofida
IN THE MIDDLE - o'rtasida
I walk around the park and she walks in the middle of the park

THROUGH - orasidan
PAST - yonidan
I walk through the park and she walks past the paynet

RIGHT - o'ng
LEFT - chap
I turn right and she turns left

UP - tepa
DOWN - past
I walk up the street and she walks down the street and we finally meet. She says "Hi, handsome. Whats your number?"

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📋 Mavzu: Ish, kasb

Work - Ish
What is your job? - Kasbingiz nima?
I am a pensioner - Pensionerman
What’s your occupation? - Nima bilan mashg’ulsiz?
I work at the... - Men ...ishlayman
university - universitetda
post-office - pochtadan
hotel - mehmonxona
What do you do? - Kasbingiz nima?
an academician - akademikman
an actor - aktyorman
an actress - aktrisaman
an agronomist - agronomman
archaelogist - arxeologman
an architect - me’morman
a ballet-dancer - raqqosaman
a biologist - biologman
a bricklayer - g’isht teruvchiman
a cooperator - kooperatorman
a correspondent - muhbirman
a dentist - tish doktoriman
a director - direktorman
a doctor - doktorman
an engineer - injinerman
a historian - tarixchiman
a joiner - duradgorman
a judge - sudyaman
a lawyer - huquqshunosman
a librarian -kutubxonachiman
a manager - boshqaruvchiman
a miner - shaxtyo’rman
an oculist - ko’z doktoriman
a pilot - uchuvchiman
a post gradute - aspirantman
a professor - professorman
a scientist - olimman
a secretary - kotibman
a shop assistant - sotuvchiman
a soldier - askarman
a stewarden - atyuardessaman
a student - talabaman
a tailor - tikuvchiman
a teacher - o’qituvchiman
a writer - yozuvchiman
a worker - ishchiman


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