Dear Students,
Please find below the question for daily answer writing practice for today.
[13th July 2020]: Discuss various theories explaining formation of the Moon. How has recent findings by NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) modified our understanding about the origin of the Moon? (15 marks, 250 words) [GS1 - Geography]
Source to Study: CA Booklet July 2020 Part 1
I will definitely share a model answer at 9 pm today.
#GS1 #Geography
Please find below the question for daily answer writing practice for today.
[13th July 2020]: Discuss various theories explaining formation of the Moon. How has recent findings by NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) modified our understanding about the origin of the Moon? (15 marks, 250 words) [GS1 - Geography]
Source to Study: CA Booklet July 2020 Part 1
I will definitely share a model answer at 9 pm today.
#GS1 #Geography
Model Answer: [13th July 2020]: Discuss various theories explaining formation of the Moon. How has recent findings by NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) modified our understanding about the origin of the Moon? (15 marks, 250 words) [GS1 - Geography]
Moon, around 1/4th the size of earth and orbiting 3.8 lakh kms away from it, is it’s only natural satellite. The question about how Moon was formed has intrigued scientists for long and over the years, many different theories have been proposed:
1) In 1838, George Darwin suggested that initially both Earth and Moon were a single body, which over the period took a dumbbell shape and separated into two different bodies.
2) Some scientists also suggest that depression which is currently filled by the Pacific Ocean may have been the source of material from which Moon has been formed.
3) But, the Big Splat theory is the most popular one. Here, Scientists suggest that around 4.5 billion years ago, when Earth was just formed, a body of around same size of that of Mars collided with Earth and separated a big mass from it. This mass kept revolving around Earth and formed Moon around 4.4 billion years ago. This is also supported by the fact that the chemical composition of Moon is similar to that of Earth.
Recent Findings of NASA and its implications: The Miniature Radio-Frequency (Mini-RF) detector of the NASA’s Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter have recently found that the sub-surface of the Moon (2-5 kms) may have much higher concentration of metals (especially Iron and Titanium oxides) than what was previously thought.
This could mean that Moon may have been formed of material much deeper from the surface of Earth. Moreover, it indicates that Moon’s Molten surface cooled much more gradually.
Above findings clearly indicate that our understanding of the origin of Moon and its relationship with earth is incomplete and a lot of research still needs to happen in future.
#GS1 #Geography
Moon, around 1/4th the size of earth and orbiting 3.8 lakh kms away from it, is it’s only natural satellite. The question about how Moon was formed has intrigued scientists for long and over the years, many different theories have been proposed:
1) In 1838, George Darwin suggested that initially both Earth and Moon were a single body, which over the period took a dumbbell shape and separated into two different bodies.
2) Some scientists also suggest that depression which is currently filled by the Pacific Ocean may have been the source of material from which Moon has been formed.
3) But, the Big Splat theory is the most popular one. Here, Scientists suggest that around 4.5 billion years ago, when Earth was just formed, a body of around same size of that of Mars collided with Earth and separated a big mass from it. This mass kept revolving around Earth and formed Moon around 4.4 billion years ago. This is also supported by the fact that the chemical composition of Moon is similar to that of Earth.
Recent Findings of NASA and its implications: The Miniature Radio-Frequency (Mini-RF) detector of the NASA’s Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter have recently found that the sub-surface of the Moon (2-5 kms) may have much higher concentration of metals (especially Iron and Titanium oxides) than what was previously thought.
This could mean that Moon may have been formed of material much deeper from the surface of Earth. Moreover, it indicates that Moon’s Molten surface cooled much more gradually.
Above findings clearly indicate that our understanding of the origin of Moon and its relationship with earth is incomplete and a lot of research still needs to happen in future.
#GS1 #Geography
Dear Students,
Please find below the question for daily answer writing practice for tomorrow
[14th July 2020]: "India and Australia needs to build a series of bilateral and minilateral platforms for regional security cooperation to limit the dangers of the growing geopolitical imbalance in the Indo-Pacific" Discuss [12.5 marks, 200 words][GS2 International Relations]
Will share a model answer at 9 pm tomorrow.
#GS2 #InternationalRelation
Please find below the question for daily answer writing practice for tomorrow
[14th July 2020]: "India and Australia needs to build a series of bilateral and minilateral platforms for regional security cooperation to limit the dangers of the growing geopolitical imbalance in the Indo-Pacific" Discuss [12.5 marks, 200 words][GS2 International Relations]
Will share a model answer at 9 pm tomorrow.
#GS2 #InternationalRelation
1. [14th July 2020]:Model Answer: "India and Australia need to build a series of bilateral and minilateral platforms for regional security cooperation to limit the dangers of the growing geopolitical imbalance in the Indo-Pacific" Discuss [12.5 marks, 200 words][GS2 International Relations]
China’s aggression and its assertive policies in the Indo-Pacific have emerged as a key security challenge for both India and Australia. Further, the anxieties about USA’s strategic commitment to Indo-Pacific under the Trump administration have left most of the regional powers worried.
In these circumstances, foreign policy experts like C Raja Mohan suggest that India and Australia should explore a series of bilateral and minilateral security platforms.
1) Indonesian Archipelago are strategically located on the sea-lanes connecting Indian and Pacific Oceans. Since, Indonesia also have security threats from China, a trilateral maritime cooperation between India-Australia and Indonesia should be explored.
2) Quad Security Dialogue need to be expanded at operational level with concrete follow up steps.
3) France and United Kingdom can be other natural partners in the region.
a. France is a resident power in the region and have shown willingness to cooperate. India should endorse this move.
b. United Kingdom is already leading the Five Power Defence Agreement (PFDA) between UK, Australia, New Zealand, Malaysia and Singapore. India should explore maritime cooperation with PFDA.
4) Finally, inclusion of Australia in Malabar exercise is a logical step to enhance regional security and should not be delayed.
These strategic regional cooperation can compensate for the lack of military capabilities of both India and Australia beyond their regional waters and should be actively pursued.
223 Words
#GS2 #InternarnationalRelations
China’s aggression and its assertive policies in the Indo-Pacific have emerged as a key security challenge for both India and Australia. Further, the anxieties about USA’s strategic commitment to Indo-Pacific under the Trump administration have left most of the regional powers worried.
In these circumstances, foreign policy experts like C Raja Mohan suggest that India and Australia should explore a series of bilateral and minilateral security platforms.
1) Indonesian Archipelago are strategically located on the sea-lanes connecting Indian and Pacific Oceans. Since, Indonesia also have security threats from China, a trilateral maritime cooperation between India-Australia and Indonesia should be explored.
2) Quad Security Dialogue need to be expanded at operational level with concrete follow up steps.
3) France and United Kingdom can be other natural partners in the region.
a. France is a resident power in the region and have shown willingness to cooperate. India should endorse this move.
b. United Kingdom is already leading the Five Power Defence Agreement (PFDA) between UK, Australia, New Zealand, Malaysia and Singapore. India should explore maritime cooperation with PFDA.
4) Finally, inclusion of Australia in Malabar exercise is a logical step to enhance regional security and should not be delayed.
These strategic regional cooperation can compensate for the lack of military capabilities of both India and Australia beyond their regional waters and should be actively pursued.
223 Words
#GS2 #InternarnationalRelations
Ques17-2020_07_14_Model_Answer.pdf
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Answer in PDF format
Daily Answer Writing Practice (Question 15): 15th July
Dear Students,
Please find below the question for daily answer writing practice for today [15th July]
[15th July 2020]: Ques-18: What were the causes of the origin of the heterodox sects in the sixth century BC? [10 marks, 150 words] [Culture: GS1]
Source to Study: Culture Booklet - 5
Model Answer would be posted at 9 pm (15th July)
#GS1 #History
Dear Students,
Please find below the question for daily answer writing practice for today [15th July]
[15th July 2020]: Ques-18: What were the causes of the origin of the heterodox sects in the sixth century BC? [10 marks, 150 words] [Culture: GS1]
Source to Study: Culture Booklet - 5
Model Answer would be posted at 9 pm (15th July)
#GS1 #History
[15th July 2020]: Model Answer: What were the causes of the origin of the heterodox sects in the sixth century BC? [10 marks, 150 words]
The 6th century BCE was an important stage in Indian history as far as development of new religions are concerned. The period saw the beginning of many heterodox sects including Buddhism, Jainism and Ajivikas.
Key factors behind the rise of these sects:
1) Religious Factors:
a. Growing rigidities of Vedic religion; complex and elaborate Vedic rituals; and use of Sanskrit language had created a disconnect with common masses.
b. Upnishadic thoughts, though devoid of rituals, turned out to be too abstract for common masses.
2) Socio-Economic Causes
a. Agricultural economy, increase in trade and commerce, urbanization had led to emergence of rich Gahapatis, Setthis and other Vaishya groups who wanted better social status than the Varna system.
b. Agriculture depended on animals and hence animal sacrifice was incompatible with new economy.
3) Political Factors:
a. Kshatriya as well as non-Kshatriya rulers who strengthened their political position also wanted social status higher or equivalent to Brahmans.
All these led to growing opposition of Brahmanical tradition and greater acceptance of heterodox religions which were more egalitarian with simple moral principles and manageable rituals. Use of common language and Royal patronage also contributed to their smooth expansion.
#GS1 #History
The 6th century BCE was an important stage in Indian history as far as development of new religions are concerned. The period saw the beginning of many heterodox sects including Buddhism, Jainism and Ajivikas.
Key factors behind the rise of these sects:
1) Religious Factors:
a. Growing rigidities of Vedic religion; complex and elaborate Vedic rituals; and use of Sanskrit language had created a disconnect with common masses.
b. Upnishadic thoughts, though devoid of rituals, turned out to be too abstract for common masses.
2) Socio-Economic Causes
a. Agricultural economy, increase in trade and commerce, urbanization had led to emergence of rich Gahapatis, Setthis and other Vaishya groups who wanted better social status than the Varna system.
b. Agriculture depended on animals and hence animal sacrifice was incompatible with new economy.
3) Political Factors:
a. Kshatriya as well as non-Kshatriya rulers who strengthened their political position also wanted social status higher or equivalent to Brahmans.
All these led to growing opposition of Brahmanical tradition and greater acceptance of heterodox religions which were more egalitarian with simple moral principles and manageable rituals. Use of common language and Royal patronage also contributed to their smooth expansion.
#GS1 #History
Ques18-2020_07_15_Model_Answer copy.pdf
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Emailing Ques18-2020_07_15_Model_Answer copy.pdf
Daily Answer Writing Practice (Question 19): 16th July
Dear Students,
Please find below the question for daily answer writing practice for today [16th July]
[16th July 2020][Ques-19]: “Gautama Buddha was a social reformer, a revolutionary who stood against social discrimination and favoured equality for all” Critically Analyse [15 marks, 250 words]
Source to Study: Culture Booklet - 5
Model Answer would be posted after 9 pm today.
#GS1 #History
Dear Students,
Please find below the question for daily answer writing practice for today [16th July]
[16th July 2020][Ques-19]: “Gautama Buddha was a social reformer, a revolutionary who stood against social discrimination and favoured equality for all” Critically Analyse [15 marks, 250 words]
Source to Study: Culture Booklet - 5
Model Answer would be posted after 9 pm today.
#GS1 #History
[16th July 2020]: “Gautama Buddha was a social reformer, a revolutionary who stood against social discrimination and favoured equality for all” Critically Analyse [15 marks, 250 words]
In the background of increased complexities of Vedic rituals, social discrimination on grounds of Varna and Jati, Urbanization and emergence of new social groups like Sethis and Gahpatis, the sixth century BCE saw the emergence of many heterodox sects like Buddhism, Jainism, Ajivikas etc.
Among these, the key ideas of Buddhism, and the teachings of its founder- Gautama Buddha were seen as promoting social equality.
1) The Buddhist Sangha allowed people from lower social orders to become monks, participate in studies and achieve salvation. Varna or Jati were irrelevant.
2) The Buddhist monks accepted food from everyone, regardless of class or caste
3) The Pali Canon also reversed the Brahmanical order of rank and gave Kshatriyas higher status than that of Brahmans
4) The position of women under Buddhism was also better. They could become nuns, participate in studies and work towards achievement of salvation.
Thus, Buddha was seen as a revolutionary and a great social reformer. But at the same time, deeper analysis of Buddhist text presents existence of several forms of social discrimination in Buddhism.
1) Slaves, debtors, serving soldiers etc were not allowed to join Sanghas.
2) Large number of Monks in Sanghas were from ‘Uchcha Kula’ i.e. Brahmins or Kshatriyas
3) Followers of Buddha also had a notion of high and low status. Vinaya Pitaka mentions that occupations like accounting, writing etc were considered high occupations whereas leather works, tailor, reed making etc were considered low occupation.
4) Women were not given complete equality. Initial unwillingness of Buddha to allow women to join Sanghas, extra condition and restriction imposed on nuns, requirement of taking birth in next life as male to achieve salvation etc. indicated clear discrimination against women.
All these indicate that Buddhism was not completely egalitarian and some discrimination on the basis of background, occupation or gender existed.
But, a tradition’s progressiveness should be judged by the standards of its own time. By the standard of 5th-6th century BCE, Buddha was for sure a great social reformer and revolutionary who provided path of salvation to all the sections of society.
#GS1 #History
In the background of increased complexities of Vedic rituals, social discrimination on grounds of Varna and Jati, Urbanization and emergence of new social groups like Sethis and Gahpatis, the sixth century BCE saw the emergence of many heterodox sects like Buddhism, Jainism, Ajivikas etc.
Among these, the key ideas of Buddhism, and the teachings of its founder- Gautama Buddha were seen as promoting social equality.
1) The Buddhist Sangha allowed people from lower social orders to become monks, participate in studies and achieve salvation. Varna or Jati were irrelevant.
2) The Buddhist monks accepted food from everyone, regardless of class or caste
3) The Pali Canon also reversed the Brahmanical order of rank and gave Kshatriyas higher status than that of Brahmans
4) The position of women under Buddhism was also better. They could become nuns, participate in studies and work towards achievement of salvation.
Thus, Buddha was seen as a revolutionary and a great social reformer. But at the same time, deeper analysis of Buddhist text presents existence of several forms of social discrimination in Buddhism.
1) Slaves, debtors, serving soldiers etc were not allowed to join Sanghas.
2) Large number of Monks in Sanghas were from ‘Uchcha Kula’ i.e. Brahmins or Kshatriyas
3) Followers of Buddha also had a notion of high and low status. Vinaya Pitaka mentions that occupations like accounting, writing etc were considered high occupations whereas leather works, tailor, reed making etc were considered low occupation.
4) Women were not given complete equality. Initial unwillingness of Buddha to allow women to join Sanghas, extra condition and restriction imposed on nuns, requirement of taking birth in next life as male to achieve salvation etc. indicated clear discrimination against women.
All these indicate that Buddhism was not completely egalitarian and some discrimination on the basis of background, occupation or gender existed.
But, a tradition’s progressiveness should be judged by the standards of its own time. By the standard of 5th-6th century BCE, Buddha was for sure a great social reformer and revolutionary who provided path of salvation to all the sections of society.
#GS1 #History
Daily Answer Writing Practice
[Question 5, 17th July]
Dear Students,
Please find below the question for daily answer writing practice for today
Q5. What do you understand by a transformational constitution? Explain how the recent judgments by the Indian Judiciary establish the Indian Constitution as a transformational document. [15 marks, 250 words]
Model Answer will be posted after 8 PM today.
#GS2 #Polity
Join for daily answer writing practice for UPSC Mains @AnswerWritingDaily
[Question 5, 17th July]
Dear Students,
Please find below the question for daily answer writing practice for today
Q5. What do you understand by a transformational constitution? Explain how the recent judgments by the Indian Judiciary establish the Indian Constitution as a transformational document. [15 marks, 250 words]
Model Answer will be posted after 8 PM today.
#GS2 #Polity
Join for daily answer writing practice for UPSC Mains @AnswerWritingDaily
https://t.me/joinchat/Hd9shExEGy-MrLR6494G4Q
This is the link to the Discussion group where you all can post your answers for review and ask doubts.
This is the link to the Discussion group where you all can post your answers for review and ask doubts.
Q5 Polity.pdf
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Model Answer for Q5 Polity
#GS2 #Polity
Join for daily answer writing practice for UPSC Mains @AnswerWritingDaily
#GS2 #Polity
Join for daily answer writing practice for UPSC Mains @AnswerWritingDaily
Hi all,
I request everyone of you to read the model answer even if you have not written the answer.
I will share something which will help you to write better answers.
I request everyone of you to read the model answer even if you have not written the answer.
I will share something which will help you to write better answers.