Model Answer for 6th Aug 2020

Join for Daily Answer Writing Practice for UPSC Mains: https://t.me/AnswerWritingDaily

Daily Answer Writing Practice
[Question 26, 07 August 2020]
Dear Students,
Please find the question for today's daily answer writing practice below:

Write a short note on the evolving nature of the Dalit movement in post-independent India. [15 marks, 250 words] [#GS1 #Society]

Model Answer would be posted after 8 pm today. Submit your answers before 8 pm on https://t.me/AnswerWritingDailyDiscuss

Join for Daily Answer Writing Practice for UPSC Mains: https://t.me/AnswerWritingDaily

26 Society.pdf

Dear students,
We will review all answers that are pending. Don't worry.

Daily Answer Writing Practice
[Question 28, 08 August 2020]

Dear Students,
Please find the question for today's daily answer writing practice below:

Considering the fact that small and marginal farmers consist of 86% of total farmers in the country, suggest measures to promote resource use efficiency and enhance agri-income among these farmers. [10 marks, 150 words] [#GS3 #Economy]

Model Answer would be posted after 8 pm today. Submit your answers before 8 pm on https://t.me/AnswerWritingDailyDiscuss

Join for Daily Answer Writing Practice for UPSC Mains: https://t.me/AnswerWritingDaily

[8th Aug 2020]: Considering the fact that small and marginal farmers consist of 86% of total farmers in the country, suggest some measures to promote resource use efficiency and enhance agri-income among these farmers. [10 marks, 150 words] [#GS3 #Economy]

According to Agri-Census 2015-16, 86% of India’s landholding are of small and marginal size (less < 2 hectare). Thus, the development strategy for agriculture development should prioritize the need of small and marginal farmers.

Following steps can be taken to promote resource efficiency and agri-income among them:
1) Consolidation of landholding through formation of more cooperatives and farmer producer organizations
2) Adoption of technology suitable for small and marginal farmers.
- Big machineries are not economically viable for small landholdings
- Promote the development and use of small environment friendly machineries like solar powered pumps, solar powered machineries etc.
3) Number of Custom Hiring Centres (CHCs) for large machineries need to increase. This will promote more accessibility and competition among CHCs.
4) Promoting the use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) based method for financial inclusion, market access etc.
5) Economize the use of fertilizers and pesticides – Agri-Education, Soil Health Cards etc can play important role in understanding exact need and requirement of the soil.
6) Improve irrigation water productivity by use of micro-irrigation technologies.
- CHCs, Cooperatives etc can allow shared and affordable use of these equipment
7) Increasing the availability of credits for small landholdings
- Fintech sector can play a crucial role here
- New sub-target under RBI’s Priority Sector Lending program for small and marginal farmers.

Focused approach towards improving resource use efficiency amongst small & marginal farmers can go a long way in ensuring food security, increasing rural income and tackling poverty in rural India

Join our Telegram Channel for Daily Answer Writing Practice for UPSC CSE Mains: https://t.me/AnswerWritingDaily

8th Aug 2020: Model Answer

Daily Answer Writing Practice
[Question 28, 09 August 20]
Dear Students,
Please find below the answer for daily answer writing practice for today

Question 28: What do you understand by 'Ethics of Duty'? What could be the possible consequences when citizens do not perform civic duties? (10 Marks, 150 words)

Submit your answers before 8 pm on https://t.me/AnswerWritingDailyDiscuss
Model Answer would be posted after 8 pm today.
#GS4 #Ethics
Join for Daily Answer Writing Practice for UPSC Mains: https://t.me/AnswerWritingDaily

Notice: Dear Students, you are hereby informed that the remaining last two day copies will be evaluated today and there is no answer writing session tomorrow. So, I request every one to take rest tomorrow and see the mistakes they have done in the last 24 tests and introspect on how to improve it. You should focus on the following parameters:
1. Understanding the demand of the question.
2. Identifying the Keywords in the question.
3. Formulating the structure of the answer.
4. Focus on writing a brief introduction according to the demand of the question ( Include evidence)
4. Writing answers in the limited words i-e 150 words or 250 words.
5. Focusing on the presentation of the answer.
6. Write a brief conclusion.
So, please have patience and do not post any message regarding the last two days of evaluation.

Daily Answer Writing Practice [Question 28, 09 August 20]
Dear Students,
Please find below the answer for daily answer writing practice for today
Question 28: What do you understand by 'Ethics of Duty'? What could be the possible consequences when citizens do not perform civic duties? (10 Marks, 150 words).

In Indian tradition, the spirit of Dharma is the same as that of ethics of duty. We have our general obligations to others as a part of this duty which includes helping, sharing and caring, respecting and protecting life in all forms, protecting truth and non-violence, upholding the social order, etc. So, for example, it would be wrong to tell a lie to save a friend from a murderer.

Civic duty constitutes another group of social duties. These concern our duties as citizens of a community; of a democratic society; and a sovereign nation. These citizenship duties have been well articulated as a set of 11 fundamental duties in part IV-A of the Indian constitution.

If the citizen does not perform civic duties, there will be problems of lawlessness everywhere, trust deficit, problems of sanitation and hygiene, etc. No government, howsoever big and strong will be able to solve the problems and will be able to restore normalcy in the society.

The strongest proponent of duty as the standard for ethical conduct is Immanuel Kant. He postulated that as the law of nature, there are moral laws for the governance of human conduct.

Submit your answers before 8 pm on https://t.me/AnswerWritingDailyDiscuss
Model Answer would be posted after 8 pm today.
#GS4 #Ethics
Join for Daily Answer Writing Practice for UPSC Mains: https://t.me/AnswerWritingDaily

Daily Answer Writing Practice
[Question 30, 11 August 20]
Dear Students,
Please find below the answer for daily answer writing practice for today

The Colonial forest policy disturbed the traditional Indian socio-economic pattern. Discuss [15 Marks, 250 words][#GS1 #History]

Submit your answers before 8 pm on https://t.me/AnswerWritingDailyDiscuss
Model Answer would be posted after 8 pm today.
Join for Daily Answer Writing Practice for UPSC Mains: https://t.me/AnswerWritingDaily

30 History - Colonial Forest Policy.pdf

Submit your answers before 8 pm on https://t.me/AnswerWritingDailyDiscuss Model Answer would be posted after 8 pm today.

#GS1 #History

Join for Daily Answer Writing Practice for UPSC Mains: https://t.me/AnswerWritingDaily

[Question 30, 11 August 20] The Colonial forest policy disturbed the traditional Indian socio-
economic pattern. Discuss [15 Marks, 250 words] [#GS1 #History]
Answer:

The territorial conquest of India created conditions for an unprecedented intervention in the ecology and social fabric of the country which was accentuated due to commercial factors.

The colonial forest policy led to an artificial separation of cultivable land and forest land, affecting millions of cultivators. The indigenous knowledge of traditional conservation and management of forests was devalued.

1. Re-settlement and Assessment Policy
a. British discontinued the pre-colonial practice of not assessing forest and waste land. They parcelled it out to the 'rebellious' elements to contain them on the fringes of arableland. (e.g. Santhal Pargana)

2. Encouraging Sedentary Agriculture
a. The colonial authorities coerced tribals away from the shifting cultivation as they thought sedentary agriculture would increase revenue, facilitate policing and enforce social order.

3. Commercial timber production
a. From the 1860s, the commercial demand for timber (teak, sal, and deodar) grew as ship-building, iron-smelting and railway sleepers required large quantities of wood. Private contractors - both European and Indian - participated in this commercial venture. Many areas of the Doab, Kumaon, Garhwal, and Peninsular Deccan forests
were denuded.

4. Legal-Institutional Plunder
a. In pre-colonial era, state control of forest was restricted. e.g. Shivaji monopolised forest timber for navy building, Tipu Sultan asserted his rights over sandalwood, Sind Amirs developed hunting reserves. But in most cases, peasant and tribal communities had free and open access to forests and other common property resources.
b. However, the colonial intervention unprecedented and massive. The aim of colonial forest management was to increase timber-productivity by preventing fires, prohibiting
of grazing, marginalising indigenous forest users, abolishing the traditional customary rights and regulating the use of private forests. All of these destroyed the way of life of many pastoralist and tribal groups.
c. Imperial Forest Department (1864) and Forest Act, 1865 facilitated the control over the forests. The Forest Act, 1878 delineated the pattern of land-use to colonise the land further. It classified forests into reserved, protected and village forests and completely marginalised the villagers and tribals. The area under reserved forests increased from 14,000 sq. miles (1878) to 81,400 sq. miles (1900). In Central Province, private Malguzari forests were brought under control of the forest officers.

The colonial commercial priorities were the guiding principles of the new regime. Hence, there was an intense opposition and defiance of forest regulations whenever opportunities permitted such
outbursts.

Submit your answers before 8 pm on https://t.me/AnswerWritingDailyDiscuss Model Answer would be posted after 8 pm today.

#GS1 #History

Join for Daily Answer Writing Practice for UPSC Mains: https://t.me/AnswerWritingDaily

Daily Answer Writing Practice [Question 31, 12 August 20]
Dear Students,
Please find below the answer for daily answer writing practice for today
Question 31 : Forest fire is essential in some regions but now it is becoming a problem in many parts of the world. What are the major reasons for forest fire and government measures to tackle the forest fire in India? (10 Marks, 150 Words)

Submit your answers before 8 pm on https://t.me/AnswerWritingDailyDiscuss
Model Answer would be posted after 8 pm today.
#GS3 #DisasterManagement
Join for Daily Answer Writing Practice for UPSC Mains: https://t.me/AnswerWritingDaily

Notice

Thank you for the amazing response to this initiative.

1. Prelims

Prelims is now 50 days ahead. We urge all the aspirants to move on Prelims preparation.

We are now starting a separate MCQ channel where we will post 10 MCQs everyday, subject-wise - History, Geography, Polity, Economy, Science and Technology, Environment and Ecology. It will be a six day cycle. The link will be given soon.

2. Answer Writing

We will continue posting one question and answer here on the Answer Writing channel everyday for those who want to continue answer writing. However, no answers will be evaluated from today. We will post explanation videos which will help you prepare one topic a day.

We will resume answer writing practice immediately after Prelims.

3. Mentoring and Guidance

Prelims is approaching and the time is passing by. We have been receiving many personal messages requesting some guidance. From now onward, if you need any help in content, process, sources, you may call these numbers between 6-8 PM every day.

Dhananjay Sir : 8527637409
Samar Sir : 7982698211

Best of luck.

Daily Answer Writing Practice [Question 31, 12 August 20]
Dear Students,
Please find below the answer for daily answer writing practice for today
Question 31: Forest fire is essential in some regions but now it is becoming a problem in many parts of the world. What are the major reasons for forest fire and government measures to tackle the forest fire in India? (10 Marks, 150 Words)

Forest fire plays an important role in the management of grasslands, keeping the forests healthy, helping tree species regenerate, recycling nutrients, maintaining habitat for some wildlife, removing invasive weeds and pathogens, and Burning increases the forage yields.
However, Forest fires of Uttarakhand and Himachal Pradesh in 2016, Forest fires of Western Ghats 2015 and 2017, California and Scandinavian forest fire of 2018 and forest fire in Australia, China, Amazon forest (Brazil), China, Siberia in 2019 has caused immense loss of forests, human life, animals and release of billions of tons of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere further fueling global warming.


The reasons for forest fire are:
1. Natural Causes
A. Lightning during thunderstorms may lead to forest fire.
B. In dry season, friction leading to sparks by rolling stones in the mountainous areas may lead to forest fires.
C. In bamboo areas, forest fires may occur by the rubbing together of clumps of dry bamboos.
D. Volcanic eruptions also lead to forest fires naturally.

2. Anthropogenic Causes: More than 90% forest fires are caused by human beings, deliberately (for personal gains or rivalry) or merely due to negligence or just by accident.

A. Deliberate or intentional causes are Shifting cultivation, to get better flush for tendu leaves, for concealing the illicit felling, for cleaning forest paths by the villagers and to settle scores.

B. Accidental or Unintentional causes Many times due to negligence, even small fires may result into devastating fires such as Collection of Non Timber Forest Produce, Burning farm residue, Protecting crops from the wild animals, Careless throwing of cigarettes, bidi stubs, match sticks by grazers/ travelers or negligence in camp fires and working operations near camping ground and fairs etc.


Measures taken by Government to tackle forest fire are as follows:


1. National Action Plan on Forest Fires was launched in 2018 by focusing on informing, enabling and empowering forest fringe communities and incentivizing them to work with the State Forest Departments and aims to aims to enhance capabilities of forest personnel and institutions in fighting fires and swift recovery subsequent to fire incidents.

2. Forest Fire Prevention and Management Scheme replaced the Intensification of Forest Management Scheme (IFMS) in 2017 and is the only centrally funded program specifically dedicated to assist the states in dealing with forest fires.

3. Forest Risk Zonation and mapping

4. Digitization of forest boundaries
A. Promoting greater adoption of the Forest Fire Alert System:
B. Improving Ground based Detection
C. Strengthening engagement with local communities:



Submit your answers before 8 pm on https://t.me/AnswerWritingDailyDiscuss
Model Answer would be posted after 8 pm today.
#GS 3 # Disaster Management
Join for Daily Answer Writing Practice for UPSC Mains: https://t.me/AnswerWritingDaily

Daily Answer Writing Practice
[Question 32, 13 August 20]

Dear Students,
Please find below the answer for daily answer writing practice for today

Enlist the factors affecting onset of Indian monsoon. Explain why Western Ghats in Karnataka receive more monsoon rainfall than either Maharashtra or Kerala. (15 Marks, 250 Words)

Submit your answers before 8 pm on https://t.me/AnswerWritingDailyDiscuss
Model Answer would be posted after 8 pm today.

#GS1 #Geography

Join for Daily Answer Writing Practice for UPSC Mains: https://t.me/AnswerWritingDaily

Question 32. Geography

Join for Daily Answer Writing Practice for UPSC Mains
https://t.me/AnswerWritingDaily

[Question 32, 13 August 20] Enlist the factors affecting onset of Indian monsoon. Explain why Western Ghats in Karnataka receive more monsoon rainfall than either Maharashtra or Kerala. [15 Marks, 250 Words]

Monsoons are seasonal winds which reverse their direction with the change of season. The monsoons are experienced in the tropical area roughly between 20° N and 20°S. India receives south-west monsoon winds in summer and north-east monsoon winds in winter.

Following facts influences the Indian Monsoon:
1) Differential heating and cooling of land and water creates low pressure on the landmass of India while the seas around experience comparatively high pressure.
2) The shift of the position of Inter Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) in summer, over the Ganga plain (this is the equatorial trough normally positioned about 5°N of the equator. It is also known as the monsoon trough during the monsoon season).
3) The presence of the high-pressure area, east of Madagascar, approximately at 20°S over the Indian Ocean. The intensity and position of this high-pressure area affects the Indian Monsoon.
4) The Tibetan plateau gets intensely heated during summer, which results in strong vertical air currents and the formation of low pressure over the plateau at about 9 km above sea level.
5) The movement of the westerly jet stream to the north of the Himalayas and the presence of the tropical easterly jet stream over the Indian peninsula during summer.
6) Indian Ocean Dipole is an irregular oscillation of sea surface temperatures in which the western Indian Ocean becomes alternately warmer (positive phase) and then colder (negative phase) than the eastern part of the ocean.
7) El Nino increases the sea-surface temperatures and weakening of the trade winds in the region.

Why Karnataka gets more Rainfall?
1) Karnataka’s Mountain topography broader than Maharashtra. Since Mountain width greater Rain clouds need to travel longer distance  more time for water to coalesce and precipitate as rainfall. Compared to this, narrower width of Western Ghats in Maharashtra Rain bearing winds cross over to the leeward side quickly before rainfall can occur.
2) In Kerala, Western Ghats is isolated mountains. Rain-bearing winds can easily cross over leeward side through the gaps, without precipitation occurring. In Karnataka, mountains are continuous (No gaps). Thus, Clouds can’t easily escape to leeward side.
3) Karnataka Mountains has gentle slope than Kerala and Maharashtra. On Gentle slope air parcel can retain energy and speed for a long time, allowing cloud droplets to grow and precipitate as rainfall.

The monsoon of South Asia is among several geographically distributed global monsoons. In south Asia, it is only partly understood and notoriously difficult to predict.

#GS1 #Geography
Join for Daily Answer Writing Practice for UPSC Mains
https://t.me/AnswerWritingDaily

Daily Answer Writing Practice [Question 33, 14 August 20]
Dear Students,
Please find below the answer for daily answer writing practice for today

Question 33: The Indian Ocean is becoming battleground among many countries. Discuss the importance of the Indian Ocean and recent Indian government strategy to maintain its supremacy in the Indian Ocean. (15 Marks, 250 Words)


Submit your answers before 8 pm on https://t.me/AnswerWritingDailyDiscuss
Model Answer would be posted after 8 pm today.
#GS2 #InternationalRelation
Join for Daily Answer Writing Practice for UPSC Mains: https://t.me/AnswerWritingDaily