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Ethics Case Study approach and detailed discussion through Question.
The Daily Answer Writing Practice
[Question 21, 02 August, 2020]
Dear Students,
Please find below today’s answer for Daily Answer Writing Practice
Governor’s use of discretionary power in the appointment of the Chief Minister has become an issue of frequent controversy especially because of the fractured mandates and pre- and post-poll political alliances. Discuss. (15 marks, 250 words)
Answer:
Article 164(1) of the Indian Constitution provides that the Chief Minister shall be appointed by the Governor. After elections, when there is clear majority for a party or coalition, then the Governor appoints its leader as the CM and asks him to prove his majority on the floor of the house. However, in cases where no party or pre-poll alliance wins majority of seats, Governor uses his discretionary powers.
Fractured mandates and Governor's discretion:
With the plurality of political parties in play, and fractured mandates, there are multiple possibilities - largest party but without majority, pre-poll alliances, post-poll alliances, outside support etc. - on who can form the government. In this case, the Governor’s role has become increasingly controversial with allegations of partisanship, especially when the party in power at the Centre is also a contender in the State, or is inimical to a contender.
Absence of guidelines for Governor:
Despite the controversy of Governor's discretionary role in this situation, no clear solution has been found to navigate this situation. Even the Supreme Court hasn't ventured into framing guidelines in case of hung assemblies, and has only given directions on a case by case basis. The court only held that the Governor's choice of action should not be arbitrary or fanciful. It said that the appointment of the Chief Minister should be of one who commands or is expected to command the support of a majority of MLAs.
Sarkaria Commission (I Centre- State Relation Commission) has provided the basis:
This issue has been studied by various committees and commissions. The Sarkaria Commission (1983) recommended the order of preference that the Governor should follow in case of no clear majority:
1. A pre-poll alliance of parties.
2. The single largest party with the support of others.
3. A post-electoral coalition of parties, with all the partners in the coalition joining the government.
4. A post-electoral alliance of parties, with some of the parties in the alliance forming a government and the remaining supporting from outside.
These recommendations were subsequently affirmed by the Punchchi Commission (II Centre- State relation Commission) and The National Commission to Review the Working of the Constitution (NCRWC).
As there is no clear solution to this issue, Sarkaria commission's recommendations form a good basis on how to act. Whether or not its recommendations are followed, it is important for all parties to come together to frame guidelines for the Governor in such situations for a stable polity in the states.
#GS2 #polity
Join telegram channel: https://t.me/AnswerWritingDaily for answer writing practice of UPSC mains
[Question 21, 02 August, 2020]
Dear Students,
Please find below today’s answer for Daily Answer Writing Practice
Governor’s use of discretionary power in the appointment of the Chief Minister has become an issue of frequent controversy especially because of the fractured mandates and pre- and post-poll political alliances. Discuss. (15 marks, 250 words)
Answer:
Article 164(1) of the Indian Constitution provides that the Chief Minister shall be appointed by the Governor. After elections, when there is clear majority for a party or coalition, then the Governor appoints its leader as the CM and asks him to prove his majority on the floor of the house. However, in cases where no party or pre-poll alliance wins majority of seats, Governor uses his discretionary powers.
Fractured mandates and Governor's discretion:
With the plurality of political parties in play, and fractured mandates, there are multiple possibilities - largest party but without majority, pre-poll alliances, post-poll alliances, outside support etc. - on who can form the government. In this case, the Governor’s role has become increasingly controversial with allegations of partisanship, especially when the party in power at the Centre is also a contender in the State, or is inimical to a contender.
Absence of guidelines for Governor:
Despite the controversy of Governor's discretionary role in this situation, no clear solution has been found to navigate this situation. Even the Supreme Court hasn't ventured into framing guidelines in case of hung assemblies, and has only given directions on a case by case basis. The court only held that the Governor's choice of action should not be arbitrary or fanciful. It said that the appointment of the Chief Minister should be of one who commands or is expected to command the support of a majority of MLAs.
Sarkaria Commission (I Centre- State Relation Commission) has provided the basis:
This issue has been studied by various committees and commissions. The Sarkaria Commission (1983) recommended the order of preference that the Governor should follow in case of no clear majority:
1. A pre-poll alliance of parties.
2. The single largest party with the support of others.
3. A post-electoral coalition of parties, with all the partners in the coalition joining the government.
4. A post-electoral alliance of parties, with some of the parties in the alliance forming a government and the remaining supporting from outside.
These recommendations were subsequently affirmed by the Punchchi Commission (II Centre- State relation Commission) and The National Commission to Review the Working of the Constitution (NCRWC).
As there is no clear solution to this issue, Sarkaria commission's recommendations form a good basis on how to act. Whether or not its recommendations are followed, it is important for all parties to come together to frame guidelines for the Governor in such situations for a stable polity in the states.
#GS2 #polity
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Sorry for the inconvenience.
The Daily Answer Writing Practice
[Question 22, 03 August, 2020]
Dear Students,
Please find below today’s question for Daily Answer Writing Practice
Although the Indian National Army (INA) failed to achieve its goal, it made a significant impact on the freedom struggle. Discuss. (10 marks, 150 words)
Submit your answers before 8 pm on https://t.me/AnswerWritingDailyDiscuss
Model Answer would be posted after 8 pm today.
#GS1 #History
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[Question 22, 03 August, 2020]
Dear Students,
Please find below today’s question for Daily Answer Writing Practice
Although the Indian National Army (INA) failed to achieve its goal, it made a significant impact on the freedom struggle. Discuss. (10 marks, 150 words)
Submit your answers before 8 pm on https://t.me/AnswerWritingDailyDiscuss
Model Answer would be posted after 8 pm today.
#GS1 #History
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Question at 10AM, Answer at 7 PM
1) Only first 20 copies will be evaluated under free DAMP initiative
2) You must post your answer before 6PM same day
Question at 10AM, Answer at 7 PM
1) Only first 20 copies will be evaluated under free DAMP initiative
2) You must post your answer before 6PM same day
[Question 22, 3 August 2020] Although the Indian National Army (INA) failed to achieve its goal, it made a significant impact on the freedom struggle. Discuss. (10 marks, 150 words)
Indian National Army (INA) was formed by Indian nationalists and Imperial Japan in 1942 in Southeast Asia during World War II. Its aim was to secure Indian independence from British rule.
Fighting side by side with the Japanese armed forces the INA crossed the Indian frontier on 18th March 1944. The tri-colour was hoisted on Indian soil. However, the INA failed to capture Imphal due to two reasons:
• The Japanese failed to supply the necessary material and air cover to the INA.
• The Monsoon prevented their advance.
In the meantime, the British were able to group their forces and made counter attacks. Although the INA fought heroically with tremendous loss of manpower, the course of war was changing. With the collapse of Germany and set backs to the Japanese armies, the INA too could not stand on its own. With the disappearance of Subhas Bose, the leadership too vanished.
Even though the INA had failed to achieve its goal it made a significant impact on the freedom struggle:
• It became clear to the British that they could no longer depend on the loyalty of Indian soldiers and treat them as mercenary. The RIN mutiny post-war emphasised this point further.
• The struggles of the INA demonstrated that those who waged an armed struggle against the British were not affected by communal division. There were Hindus, Muslims and Sikhs in the INA who had fought as Indians.
• The actions of the Rani Jhansi Brigade – an exclusively women force – demonstrated the capabilities of Indian women wing armed struggle against the British.
• The INA had also demonstrated enthusiasm and concern of overseas Indians for the freedom of their motherland.
• During the post-war years, the Red Fort trials attracted wide public sympathy. Despite the British Government forbading the BBC from broadcasting the story, the public pressure and protests spread which ultimately forced the British to release the prisoners.
Therefore, in the long run, the INA episode led to the erosion of both the hard as well as soft power of the British over India, hastening India’s march to freedom.
#GS1 #History
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Indian National Army (INA) was formed by Indian nationalists and Imperial Japan in 1942 in Southeast Asia during World War II. Its aim was to secure Indian independence from British rule.
Fighting side by side with the Japanese armed forces the INA crossed the Indian frontier on 18th March 1944. The tri-colour was hoisted on Indian soil. However, the INA failed to capture Imphal due to two reasons:
• The Japanese failed to supply the necessary material and air cover to the INA.
• The Monsoon prevented their advance.
In the meantime, the British were able to group their forces and made counter attacks. Although the INA fought heroically with tremendous loss of manpower, the course of war was changing. With the collapse of Germany and set backs to the Japanese armies, the INA too could not stand on its own. With the disappearance of Subhas Bose, the leadership too vanished.
Even though the INA had failed to achieve its goal it made a significant impact on the freedom struggle:
• It became clear to the British that they could no longer depend on the loyalty of Indian soldiers and treat them as mercenary. The RIN mutiny post-war emphasised this point further.
• The struggles of the INA demonstrated that those who waged an armed struggle against the British were not affected by communal division. There were Hindus, Muslims and Sikhs in the INA who had fought as Indians.
• The actions of the Rani Jhansi Brigade – an exclusively women force – demonstrated the capabilities of Indian women wing armed struggle against the British.
• The INA had also demonstrated enthusiasm and concern of overseas Indians for the freedom of their motherland.
• During the post-war years, the Red Fort trials attracted wide public sympathy. Despite the British Government forbading the BBC from broadcasting the story, the public pressure and protests spread which ultimately forced the British to release the prisoners.
Therefore, in the long run, the INA episode led to the erosion of both the hard as well as soft power of the British over India, hastening India’s march to freedom.
#GS1 #History
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The Daily Answer Writing Practice
[Question 23, 04 August 2020]
Dear Students,
Please find below today’s question for Daily Answer Writing Practice
"Climate Change can be fought using carbon tax but only so long as its burden is distributed equitably among various nations" Discuss [10 marks, 150 words] [#GS3 #EB&CC]
Submit your answers before 8 pm on https://t.me/AnswerWritingDailyDiscuss
Model Answer would be posted after 8 pm today.
#GS3 #EB&CC
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[Question 23, 04 August 2020]
Dear Students,
Please find below today’s question for Daily Answer Writing Practice
"Climate Change can be fought using carbon tax but only so long as its burden is distributed equitably among various nations" Discuss [10 marks, 150 words] [#GS3 #EB&CC]
Submit your answers before 8 pm on https://t.me/AnswerWritingDailyDiscuss
Model Answer would be posted after 8 pm today.
#GS3 #EB&CC
Join telegram channel: https://t.me/AnswerWritingDaily for answer writing practice of UPSC mains
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Answer Writing - UPSC Mains - Discussion
Platform for discussion, evaluation and feedback. Our parent channel is @AnswerWritingDaily
Question at 10AM, Answer at 7 PM
1) Only first 20 copies will be evaluated under free DAMP initiative
2) You must post your answer before 6PM same day
Question at 10AM, Answer at 7 PM
1) Only first 20 copies will be evaluated under free DAMP initiative
2) You must post your answer before 6PM same day
[4th Aug 2020][Model Answer]: "Climate Change can be fought using carbon tax but only so long as its burden is distributed equitably among various nations" Discuss [10 marks, 150 words] [#GS3 #EB&CC]
According to a recent IPCC report, the global carbon emissions need to fall by 45% from 2010 levels by 2030 and become net zero by 2050 to prevent irreversible damages to environment.
Carbon tax can play an important role in achieving these targets. It is a form of carbon pricing in which extra cost is imposed on Greenhouse gas emitting energy sources. (e.g. fuel cess on coal in India).
It is considered better than ‘Cap and Trade’ mechanism as it is very simple to impose, doesn’t involve a problem of baseline and can be easily understood.
However, imposition of carbon tax in different countries have to be streamlined to achieve equity. Else, the countries imposing carbon tax would lose investments to countries not imposing carbon tax.
Further, a uniform global carbon tax regime cannot compensate for historical contributions, i.e. it will violate the Common but Differentiated Responsibility (CBDR) principle. This issue can be resolved by making a part carbon tax collection from developed countries available to developing and under-developed countries for energy transition investments.
Thus, a uniform global carbon tax regime altered to follow the CBDR principle can become a potent tool in the fight against the global climate change.
Join telegram channel: https://t.me/AnswerWritingDaily for answer writing practice of UPSC mains
According to a recent IPCC report, the global carbon emissions need to fall by 45% from 2010 levels by 2030 and become net zero by 2050 to prevent irreversible damages to environment.
Carbon tax can play an important role in achieving these targets. It is a form of carbon pricing in which extra cost is imposed on Greenhouse gas emitting energy sources. (e.g. fuel cess on coal in India).
It is considered better than ‘Cap and Trade’ mechanism as it is very simple to impose, doesn’t involve a problem of baseline and can be easily understood.
However, imposition of carbon tax in different countries have to be streamlined to achieve equity. Else, the countries imposing carbon tax would lose investments to countries not imposing carbon tax.
Further, a uniform global carbon tax regime cannot compensate for historical contributions, i.e. it will violate the Common but Differentiated Responsibility (CBDR) principle. This issue can be resolved by making a part carbon tax collection from developed countries available to developing and under-developed countries for energy transition investments.
Thus, a uniform global carbon tax regime altered to follow the CBDR principle can become a potent tool in the fight against the global climate change.
Join telegram channel: https://t.me/AnswerWritingDaily for answer writing practice of UPSC mains
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Join here for submission, evaluation, discussion, feedback @AnswerWritingDailyDiscuss
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2020_08_04_Model_Answer.pdf
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Model Answer 4th of August 2020
Daily Answer Writing Practice
[Question 24, 05 August 20]
Dear Students,
Please find below the answer for daily answer writing practice for today
Question 24: Seismic shadow zone on the surface of earth shows that earth's core is composed of heavy materials. Explain. (10 marks, 150 words).
Submit your answers before 8 pm on https://t.me/AnswerWritingDailyDiscuss
Model Answer would be posted after 8 pm today.
#GS1 # Geography
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[Question 24, 05 August 20]
Dear Students,
Please find below the answer for daily answer writing practice for today
Question 24: Seismic shadow zone on the surface of earth shows that earth's core is composed of heavy materials. Explain. (10 marks, 150 words).
Submit your answers before 8 pm on https://t.me/AnswerWritingDailyDiscuss
Model Answer would be posted after 8 pm today.
#GS1 # Geography
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Question at 10AM, Answer at 7 PM
1) Only first 20 copies will be evaluated under free DAMP initiative
2) You must post your answer before 6PM same day
Question at 10AM, Answer at 7 PM
1) Only first 20 copies will be evaluated under free DAMP initiative
2) You must post your answer before 6PM same day
Hello all, if your timely submitted answers are not evaluated yet, don't worry. We will do it today. Every answer submitted before 8PM will receive evaluation and feedback.
2020_08_05_Model_Answer.pdf
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5th August - Revised Model ANswer
Daily Answer Writing Practice
[Question 25, 06 August 2020]
Dear Students,
Please find the question for today's daily answer writing practice below:
Question 25: The coordinated and concerted efforts by both Centre and the Maoist affected states have led to significant reduction of the Left Wing Extremism in India. Discuss [15 marks, 250 words] [#GS3 #Internal Security]
Submit your answers before 8 pm on https://t.me/AnswerWritingDailyDiscuss
Model Answer would be posted after 8 pm today.
#GS3 #Internal Security
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[Question 25, 06 August 2020]
Dear Students,
Please find the question for today's daily answer writing practice below:
Question 25: The coordinated and concerted efforts by both Centre and the Maoist affected states have led to significant reduction of the Left Wing Extremism in India. Discuss [15 marks, 250 words] [#GS3 #Internal Security]
Submit your answers before 8 pm on https://t.me/AnswerWritingDailyDiscuss
Model Answer would be posted after 8 pm today.
#GS3 #Internal Security
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Answer Writing - UPSC Mains - Discussion
Platform for discussion, evaluation and feedback. Our parent channel is @AnswerWritingDaily
Question at 10AM, Answer at 7 PM
1) Only first 20 copies will be evaluated under free DAMP initiative
2) You must post your answer before 6PM same day
Question at 10AM, Answer at 7 PM
1) Only first 20 copies will be evaluated under free DAMP initiative
2) You must post your answer before 6PM same day
[6th Aug 2020]: The coordinated and concerted efforts by both Centre and the Maoist affected states have led to significant reduction of the Left-Wing Extremism in India. Discuss [15 marks, 250 words] [#GS3 #Internal Security]
Emerging with the Naxalbari incidence in 1967, the Left-Wing Extremism (LWE) in India, reached its peak in the 2000-2010 decade. The Maoists had considerable control over 200 districts in the country and the then Prime Minister of India was forced to refer Maoism as “the single biggest internal security challenge ever faced by the country”.
The key causes for the rise and strengthening of the LWE in India were Lack of Socio-Economic Development in tribal areas, inadequacies of state police and CRPF, Illegal mining, lack of coordination among states and between centre state and only force/enemy centric approach without focus on development.
Learning from these failures, government moved to a two-pronged Counter Insurgency (COIN) approach which combined law & Order initiatives and developmental initiatives:
1) Law and Order Initiatives:
i) Deployment of Central Paramilitary Forces under operation Green Hunt in LWE areas, raising of specialized COBRA battalion in states and Police Modernization Schemes have strengthened the security situation.
ii) Strengthening of intelligence networks and Monitoring & Coordination mechanisms by setting up of Multi-agency centers at both central and state levels.
iii) SAMADHAN a new security operation doctrine was launched in 2017 which focuses on the choking of finances, better training and use of advanced technology like drones.
iv) Strengthening of UAPA, 1967 through amendments and banning of CPI (Maoist) also weakened Maoist movement in the country.
2) Development and Population Centric Approach
i) Focusing on the special developmental needs of LWE districts through Special Central Assistance (SCA) scheme and Aspirational districts initiatives. Infrastructure development in the form of more schools, hospitals, telecom networks etc. have been seen in these districts
ii) Surrender & Rehabilitation Schemes gave opportunities to Maoist cadres to join the mainstream.
iii) Forest Rights Act, 2006, MGNREGA, MSP for Minor Forest Produce etc -> alleviated socio-economic stress
iv) All India Radio and Doordarshan now have more programs in local tribal languages
These initiatives have led to substantial decrease in geographical range and violence related to LWE in the country. But the government needs to be highly vigilant and ensure that counter-insurgency operations are continued with same intensity and developmental activities are further strengthened to ensure elimination of Maoism from India.
Emerging with the Naxalbari incidence in 1967, the Left-Wing Extremism (LWE) in India, reached its peak in the 2000-2010 decade. The Maoists had considerable control over 200 districts in the country and the then Prime Minister of India was forced to refer Maoism as “the single biggest internal security challenge ever faced by the country”.
The key causes for the rise and strengthening of the LWE in India were Lack of Socio-Economic Development in tribal areas, inadequacies of state police and CRPF, Illegal mining, lack of coordination among states and between centre state and only force/enemy centric approach without focus on development.
Learning from these failures, government moved to a two-pronged Counter Insurgency (COIN) approach which combined law & Order initiatives and developmental initiatives:
1) Law and Order Initiatives:
i) Deployment of Central Paramilitary Forces under operation Green Hunt in LWE areas, raising of specialized COBRA battalion in states and Police Modernization Schemes have strengthened the security situation.
ii) Strengthening of intelligence networks and Monitoring & Coordination mechanisms by setting up of Multi-agency centers at both central and state levels.
iii) SAMADHAN a new security operation doctrine was launched in 2017 which focuses on the choking of finances, better training and use of advanced technology like drones.
iv) Strengthening of UAPA, 1967 through amendments and banning of CPI (Maoist) also weakened Maoist movement in the country.
2) Development and Population Centric Approach
i) Focusing on the special developmental needs of LWE districts through Special Central Assistance (SCA) scheme and Aspirational districts initiatives. Infrastructure development in the form of more schools, hospitals, telecom networks etc. have been seen in these districts
ii) Surrender & Rehabilitation Schemes gave opportunities to Maoist cadres to join the mainstream.
iii) Forest Rights Act, 2006, MGNREGA, MSP for Minor Forest Produce etc -> alleviated socio-economic stress
iv) All India Radio and Doordarshan now have more programs in local tribal languages
These initiatives have led to substantial decrease in geographical range and violence related to LWE in the country. But the government needs to be highly vigilant and ensure that counter-insurgency operations are continued with same intensity and developmental activities are further strengthened to ensure elimination of Maoism from India.
2020_08_06_Model_Answer.pdf
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Model Answer for 6th Aug 2020
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Daily Answer Writing Practice
[Question 26, 07 August 2020]
Dear Students,
Please find the question for today's daily answer writing practice below:
Write a short note on the evolving nature of the Dalit movement in post-independent India. [15 marks, 250 words] [#GS1 #Society]
Model Answer would be posted after 8 pm today. Submit your answers before 8 pm on https://t.me/AnswerWritingDailyDiscuss
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[Question 26, 07 August 2020]
Dear Students,
Please find the question for today's daily answer writing practice below:
Write a short note on the evolving nature of the Dalit movement in post-independent India. [15 marks, 250 words] [#GS1 #Society]
Model Answer would be posted after 8 pm today. Submit your answers before 8 pm on https://t.me/AnswerWritingDailyDiscuss
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Answer Writing - UPSC Mains - Discussion
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Question at 10AM, Answer at 7 PM
1) Only first 20 copies will be evaluated under free DAMP initiative
2) You must post your answer before 6PM same day
Question at 10AM, Answer at 7 PM
1) Only first 20 copies will be evaluated under free DAMP initiative
2) You must post your answer before 6PM same day
Dear students,
We will review all answers that are pending. Don't worry.
We will review all answers that are pending. Don't worry.
Daily Answer Writing Practice
[Question 28, 08 August 2020]
Dear Students,
Please find the question for today's daily answer writing practice below:
Considering the fact that small and marginal farmers consist of 86% of total farmers in the country, suggest measures to promote resource use efficiency and enhance agri-income among these farmers. [10 marks, 150 words] [#GS3 #Economy]
Model Answer would be posted after 8 pm today. Submit your answers before 8 pm on https://t.me/AnswerWritingDailyDiscuss
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[Question 28, 08 August 2020]
Dear Students,
Please find the question for today's daily answer writing practice below:
Considering the fact that small and marginal farmers consist of 86% of total farmers in the country, suggest measures to promote resource use efficiency and enhance agri-income among these farmers. [10 marks, 150 words] [#GS3 #Economy]
Model Answer would be posted after 8 pm today. Submit your answers before 8 pm on https://t.me/AnswerWritingDailyDiscuss
Join for Daily Answer Writing Practice for UPSC Mains: https://t.me/AnswerWritingDaily
Telegram
Answer Writing - UPSC Mains - Discussion
Platform for discussion, evaluation and feedback. Our parent channel is @AnswerWritingDaily
Question at 10AM, Answer at 7 PM
1) Only first 20 copies will be evaluated under free DAMP initiative
2) You must post your answer before 6PM same day
Question at 10AM, Answer at 7 PM
1) Only first 20 copies will be evaluated under free DAMP initiative
2) You must post your answer before 6PM same day
[8th Aug 2020]: Considering the fact that small and marginal farmers consist of 86% of total farmers in the country, suggest some measures to promote resource use efficiency and enhance agri-income among these farmers. [10 marks, 150 words] [#GS3 #Economy]
According to Agri-Census 2015-16, 86% of India’s landholding are of small and marginal size (less < 2 hectare). Thus, the development strategy for agriculture development should prioritize the need of small and marginal farmers.
Following steps can be taken to promote resource efficiency and agri-income among them:
1) Consolidation of landholding through formation of more cooperatives and farmer producer organizations
2) Adoption of technology suitable for small and marginal farmers.
- Big machineries are not economically viable for small landholdings
- Promote the development and use of small environment friendly machineries like solar powered pumps, solar powered machineries etc.
3) Number of Custom Hiring Centres (CHCs) for large machineries need to increase. This will promote more accessibility and competition among CHCs.
4) Promoting the use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) based method for financial inclusion, market access etc.
5) Economize the use of fertilizers and pesticides – Agri-Education, Soil Health Cards etc can play important role in understanding exact need and requirement of the soil.
6) Improve irrigation water productivity by use of micro-irrigation technologies.
- CHCs, Cooperatives etc can allow shared and affordable use of these equipment
7) Increasing the availability of credits for small landholdings
- Fintech sector can play a crucial role here
- New sub-target under RBI’s Priority Sector Lending program for small and marginal farmers.
Focused approach towards improving resource use efficiency amongst small & marginal farmers can go a long way in ensuring food security, increasing rural income and tackling poverty in rural India
Join our Telegram Channel for Daily Answer Writing Practice for UPSC CSE Mains: https://t.me/AnswerWritingDaily
According to Agri-Census 2015-16, 86% of India’s landholding are of small and marginal size (less < 2 hectare). Thus, the development strategy for agriculture development should prioritize the need of small and marginal farmers.
Following steps can be taken to promote resource efficiency and agri-income among them:
1) Consolidation of landholding through formation of more cooperatives and farmer producer organizations
2) Adoption of technology suitable for small and marginal farmers.
- Big machineries are not economically viable for small landholdings
- Promote the development and use of small environment friendly machineries like solar powered pumps, solar powered machineries etc.
3) Number of Custom Hiring Centres (CHCs) for large machineries need to increase. This will promote more accessibility and competition among CHCs.
4) Promoting the use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) based method for financial inclusion, market access etc.
5) Economize the use of fertilizers and pesticides – Agri-Education, Soil Health Cards etc can play important role in understanding exact need and requirement of the soil.
6) Improve irrigation water productivity by use of micro-irrigation technologies.
- CHCs, Cooperatives etc can allow shared and affordable use of these equipment
7) Increasing the availability of credits for small landholdings
- Fintech sector can play a crucial role here
- New sub-target under RBI’s Priority Sector Lending program for small and marginal farmers.
Focused approach towards improving resource use efficiency amongst small & marginal farmers can go a long way in ensuring food security, increasing rural income and tackling poverty in rural India
Join our Telegram Channel for Daily Answer Writing Practice for UPSC CSE Mains: https://t.me/AnswerWritingDaily
Telegram
Answer Writing - UPSC Mains
Through this channel we will provide one question everyday at 10 am. Students can discuss answers and give feedback to each other through the associated group.
Join here for submission, evaluation, discussion, feedback @AnswerWritingDailyDiscuss
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2020_08_08_Model_Answer.pdf
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8th Aug 2020: Model Answer
Daily Answer Writing Practice
[Question 28, 09 August 20]
Dear Students,
Please find below the answer for daily answer writing practice for today
Question 28: What do you understand by 'Ethics of Duty'? What could be the possible consequences when citizens do not perform civic duties? (10 Marks, 150 words)
Submit your answers before 8 pm on https://t.me/AnswerWritingDailyDiscuss
Model Answer would be posted after 8 pm today.
#GS4 #Ethics
Join for Daily Answer Writing Practice for UPSC Mains: https://t.me/AnswerWritingDaily
[Question 28, 09 August 20]
Dear Students,
Please find below the answer for daily answer writing practice for today
Question 28: What do you understand by 'Ethics of Duty'? What could be the possible consequences when citizens do not perform civic duties? (10 Marks, 150 words)
Submit your answers before 8 pm on https://t.me/AnswerWritingDailyDiscuss
Model Answer would be posted after 8 pm today.
#GS4 #Ethics
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Question at 10AM, Answer at 7 PM
1) Only first 20 copies will be evaluated under free DAMP initiative
2) You must post your answer before 6PM same day
Question at 10AM, Answer at 7 PM
1) Only first 20 copies will be evaluated under free DAMP initiative
2) You must post your answer before 6PM same day