The Daily Answer Writing Practice
[Question 20, 01 August, 2020]

Dear Students, 
Please find below today’s question for Daily Answer Writing Practice

You are the District Collector in a district facing recurring floods, thus also responsible to ensure providing relief material to all the affected people. Like every year, during this year’s monsoon too, more than 40% area of the district is flooded up to dangerous level. As SOP (Standard Operating Procedure) you had floated tenders and awarded contracts for the supply of relief material in fair and transparent way well in advance.
A group of people, led by a local political leader, is making irrational demands from the administration. One day, the politician along with his followers decides to stage a sit-in on the national highway going through your area. The moment media started covering the news you get a call from your senior from state secretariat questioning your handling of relief operations.
However, you suspect that the real motive of the politician is to jeopardize relief efforts and to build general opinion against your efficiency, because the contracts were not awarded to his people.

a) Elaborate the different issues that are involved in the case.

b) What will be your course of action? Justify

Submit your answers before 8 pm on https://t.me/AnswerWritingDailyDiscuss

Model Answer would be posted after 8 pm today. 
#GS4 #Ethics

Join telegram channel: https://t.me/AnswerWritingDaily for answer writing practice of UPSC mains

The Daily Answer Writing Practice
[Question 20, 01 August, 2020]

Answer Part 1:
Any disaster needs immediate attention. Flood paralyse the whole affected area and bring life to stand still. The given case depicts a situation where the struggle is required to fulfil my duty amidst the dubious opposition and an attack on my efficiency. It also indicates responsibility about the work to be finished to be of paramount importance, which would be getting hampered in case of irrational action on my part. The additional angle to be inquired about is - how the misuse of media can be tackled. I also need to restore the trust of senior administration and of the public in me.

Analysis of Case:

Facts Given:
• Floods affecting 40% area in the district
• Local politician trying to malign image of the DC as inefficient
• Hidden motive of getting the material Distributui Contract
• Misinformation by media
• 5.State Secretatriat Questionong the handiling of Situation

Values involved:
• Fiduciary Responsibility
• Empathy
• Welfarism
• Leadership
• Positive Attitude

Stakeholders:
• DC along Administration
• People affected by Flood
• Local Poltician
• Media

a) Issue involved in the case:
In this scenario in the role of DC, following are the issues involved:
Issue 1: Ensuring that all the flood-affected victims receive relief material due to them. This is my most important responsibility. Not just as a government official but also as a fellow human being. At the same time due medical attention is also provided, especially in the low lying area where water stagnation can create a havoc.

Issue 2: National Highway is blocked by followers of the political leader. That is needed to be opened and made functional as early as possible so that traffic is normal. This is an illegal act by a group of people as its destructs the working of state machinery. And appropriate action is required to be taken. This is to be addressed in an urgent manner/highest priority.

Issue 3: Misuse of media is being done to malign the image of the administration in general and the officer in particular. It is the need dof the hour to respond accordingly so that the trust of the public is restored. And at the same time a larger message is sent to all who are exploiting media in this hour of necessity.

Issue 4: Proper explanation and justification are required to be given to HQ administration/Stete Secretariat clarifying their doubts. It is my duty to report the details to HQ in order to convey the information and seek suggestions, in case they are relevant.

#GS4 #Ethics
Submit your answers before 8 pm on https://t.me/AnswerWritingDailyDiscuss

CSE Mains: Join For Daily Answer Writing Practice: https://t.me/AnswerWritingDaily

The Daily Answer Writing Practice
[Question 20, 01 August, 2020]

Answer Part 2:

b) Course of action:

1) First and the foremost the National Highway has to be unblocked as much interstate traffic is stuck in the middle of the road. It is the most urgent issue. So, without any prejudice, talks can be initiated with the groups of the people protesting there. Here I need to act according to emotional intelligence. It can be conveyed to the protesters that already the relief materials are being delivered to the victims of the flood. Also they will be convinced that their demands are irrational. They would be convinced to vacate the National Highway with the pretext that talks.

2) Press and Media will be called to send corrected message about flood relief work going in the right direction and speed. The examples of such efficient implementation can be made visible to the normal public so that the trust of people in the administration can be restored. The right message on media can be sent about the officer also to restore the image about his capability as well.

3) The most crucial and vital responsibility is that of distributing relief material to flood victims. Real-time monitoring will be done to ensure that the distribution of the material is being done with not only efficiency but also sensitivity and compassion. Special care will be taken with respect to children and elderly persons. Immediate and strict action will be taken on miscreants. It would be ensured that no person is left wanting the material.

4) As a response to the call from Head Quarter, in addition to explanation over the call, a written report will be sent clarifying their doubts. The report will also talk about positive work done so far and the plans to extend the work further. The senior authorities must be made aware of the real situation, as they have the right to receive the information.

Any emergency situation, especially flood, requires an extremely responsible and sensitive approach from the administration. The goal of the whole exercise to ensure reaching of relief material to flood victims.

#GS4 #Ethics
Submit your answers before 8 pm on https://t.me/AnswerWritingDailyDiscuss

CSE Mains: Join For Daily Answer Writing Practice: https://t.me/AnswerWritingDaily

The Daily Answer Writing Practice
[Question 21, 02 August, 2020]

Dear Students, 
Please find below today’s question for Daily Answer Writing Practice

Governor’s use of discretionary power in the appointment of the Chief Minister has become an issue of frequent controversy especially because of the fractured mandates and pre- and post-poll political alliances. Discuss. (15 marks, 250 words)

Submit your answers before 8 pm on https://t.me/AnswerWritingDailyDiscuss

Model Answer would be posted after 8 pm today. 
#GS2 #polity

Join telegram channel: https://t.me/AnswerWritingDaily for answer writing practice of UPSC mains

Ethics Case Study approach and detailed discussion through Question.

The Daily Answer Writing Practice
[Question 21, 02 August, 2020]

Dear Students, 
Please find below today’s answer for Daily Answer Writing Practice

Governor’s use of discretionary power in the appointment of the Chief Minister has become an issue of frequent controversy especially because of the fractured mandates and pre- and post-poll political alliances. Discuss. (15 marks, 250 words)
Answer:
Article 164(1) of the Indian Constitution provides that the Chief Minister shall be appointed by the Governor. After elections, when there is clear majority for a party or coalition, then the Governor appoints its leader as the CM and asks him to prove his majority on the floor of the house. However, in cases where no party or pre-poll alliance wins majority of seats, Governor uses his discretionary powers.

Fractured mandates and Governor's discretion:
With the plurality of political parties in play, and fractured mandates, there are multiple possibilities - largest party but without majority, pre-poll alliances, post-poll alliances, outside support etc. - on who can form the government. In this case, the Governor’s role has become increasingly controversial with allegations of partisanship, especially when the party in power at the Centre is also a contender in the State, or is inimical to a contender.

Absence of guidelines for Governor:
Despite the controversy of Governor's discretionary role in this situation, no clear solution has been found to navigate this situation. Even the Supreme Court hasn't ventured into framing guidelines in case of hung assemblies, and has only given directions on a case by case basis. The court only held that the Governor's choice of action should not be arbitrary or fanciful. It said that the appointment of the Chief Minister should be of one who commands or is expected to command the support of a majority of MLAs.
Sarkaria Commission (I Centre- State Relation Commission) has provided the basis:
This issue has been studied by various committees and commissions. The Sarkaria Commission (1983) recommended the order of preference that the Governor should follow in case of no clear majority:
1. A pre-poll alliance of parties.
2. The single largest party with the support of others.
3. A post-electoral coalition of parties, with all the partners in the coalition joining the government.
4. A post-electoral alliance of parties, with some of the parties in the alliance forming a government and the remaining supporting from outside.
These recommendations were subsequently affirmed by the Punchchi Commission (II Centre- State relation Commission) and The National Commission to Review the Working of the Constitution (NCRWC).

As there is no clear solution to this issue, Sarkaria commission's recommendations form a good basis on how to act. Whether or not its recommendations are followed, it is important for all parties to come together to frame guidelines for the Governor in such situations for a stable polity in the states.

#GS2 #polity

Join telegram channel: https://t.me/AnswerWritingDaily for answer writing practice of UPSC mains

Dear students,
We are trying our best to finish the evaluation. But if at all we couldn't do it. Don't worry. We will evaluate all the answers submitted on time, today only.
Sorry for the inconvenience.

The Daily Answer Writing Practice
[Question 22, 03 August, 2020]

Dear Students, 
Please find below today’s question for Daily Answer Writing Practice

Although the Indian National Army (INA) failed to achieve its goal, it made a significant impact on the freedom struggle. Discuss. (10 marks, 150 words)

Submit your answers before 8 pm on https://t.me/AnswerWritingDailyDiscuss

Model Answer would be posted after 8 pm today. 
#GS1 #History

Join telegram channel: https://t.me/AnswerWritingDaily for answer writing practice of UPSC mains

[Question 22, 3 August 2020] Although the Indian National Army (INA) failed to achieve its goal, it made a significant impact on the freedom struggle. Discuss. (10 marks, 150 words)

Indian National Army (INA) was formed by Indian nationalists and Imperial Japan in 1942 in Southeast Asia during World War II. Its aim was to secure Indian independence from British rule.

Fighting side by side with the Japanese armed forces the INA crossed the Indian frontier on 18th March 1944. The tri-colour was hoisted on Indian soil. However, the INA failed to capture Imphal due to two reasons:
• The Japanese failed to supply the necessary material and air cover to the INA.
• The Monsoon prevented their advance.

In the meantime, the British were able to group their forces and made counter attacks. Although the INA fought heroically with tremendous loss of manpower, the course of war was changing. With the collapse of Germany and set backs to the Japanese armies, the INA too could not stand on its own. With the disappearance of Subhas Bose, the leadership too vanished.

Even though the INA had failed to achieve its goal it made a significant impact on the freedom struggle:
• It became clear to the British that they could no longer depend on the loyalty of Indian soldiers and treat them as mercenary. The RIN mutiny post-war emphasised this point further.
• The struggles of the INA demonstrated that those who waged an armed struggle against the British were not affected by communal division. There were Hindus, Muslims and Sikhs in the INA who had fought as Indians.
• The actions of the Rani Jhansi Brigade – an exclusively women force – demonstrated the capabilities of Indian women wing armed struggle against the British.
• The INA had also demonstrated enthusiasm and concern of overseas Indians for the freedom of their motherland.
• During the post-war years, the Red Fort trials attracted wide public sympathy. Despite the British Government forbading the BBC from broadcasting the story, the public pressure and protests spread which ultimately forced the British to release the prisoners.

Therefore, in the long run, the INA episode led to the erosion of both the hard as well as soft power of the British over India, hastening India’s march to freedom.

#GS1 #History

Join telegram channel: https://t.me/AnswerWritingDaily for answer writing practice of UPSC mains
Submit your answers for daily evaluation: https://t.me/AnswerWritingDailyDiscuss

The Daily Answer Writing Practice
[Question 23, 04 August 2020]

Dear Students, 
Please find below today’s question for Daily Answer Writing Practice

"Climate Change can be fought using carbon tax but only so long as its burden is distributed equitably among various nations" Discuss [10 marks, 150 words] [#GS3 #EB&CC]

Submit your answers before 8 pm on https://t.me/AnswerWritingDailyDiscuss

Model Answer would be posted after 8 pm today. 
#GS3 #EB&CC

Join telegram channel: https://t.me/AnswerWritingDaily for answer writing practice of UPSC mains

[4th Aug 2020][Model Answer]: "Climate Change can be fought using carbon tax but only so long as its burden is distributed equitably among various nations" Discuss [10 marks, 150 words] [#GS3 #EB&CC]

According to a recent IPCC report, the global carbon emissions need to fall by 45% from 2010 levels by 2030 and become net zero by 2050 to prevent irreversible damages to environment.

Carbon tax can play an important role in achieving these targets. It is a form of carbon pricing in which extra cost is imposed on Greenhouse gas emitting energy sources. (e.g. fuel cess on coal in India).

It is considered better than ‘Cap and Trade’ mechanism as it is very simple to impose, doesn’t involve a problem of baseline and can be easily understood.

However, imposition of carbon tax in different countries have to be streamlined to achieve equity. Else, the countries imposing carbon tax would lose investments to countries not imposing carbon tax.

Further, a uniform global carbon tax regime cannot compensate for historical contributions, i.e. it will violate the Common but Differentiated Responsibility (CBDR) principle. This issue can be resolved by making a part carbon tax collection from developed countries available to developing and under-developed countries for energy transition investments.

Thus, a uniform global carbon tax regime altered to follow the CBDR principle can become a potent tool in the fight against the global climate change.

Join telegram channel: https://t.me/AnswerWritingDaily for answer writing practice of UPSC mains

Model Answer 4th of August 2020

Daily Answer Writing Practice
[Question 24, 05 August 20]
Dear Students,
Please find below the answer for daily answer writing practice for today

Question 24: Seismic shadow zone on the surface of earth shows that earth's core is composed of heavy materials. Explain. (10 marks, 150 words).

Submit your answers before 8 pm on https://t.me/AnswerWritingDailyDiscuss
Model Answer would be posted after 8 pm today.
#GS1 # Geography
Join for Daily Answer Writing Practice for UPSC Mains: https://t.me/AnswerWritingDaily

Hello all, if your timely submitted answers are not evaluated yet, don't worry. We will do it today. Every answer submitted before 8PM will receive evaluation and feedback.

5th August - Revised Model ANswer

Daily Answer Writing Practice
[Question 25, 06 August 2020]
Dear Students,
Please find the question for today's daily answer writing practice below:

Question 25: The coordinated and concerted efforts by both Centre and the Maoist affected states have led to significant reduction of the Left Wing Extremism in India. Discuss [15 marks, 250 words] [#GS3 #Internal Security]

Submit your answers before 8 pm on https://t.me/AnswerWritingDailyDiscuss
Model Answer would be posted after 8 pm today.
#GS3 #Internal Security
Join for Daily Answer Writing Practice for UPSC Mains: https://t.me/AnswerWritingDaily

[6th Aug 2020]: The coordinated and concerted efforts by both Centre and the Maoist affected states have led to significant reduction of the Left-Wing Extremism in India. Discuss [15 marks, 250 words] [#GS3 #Internal Security]

Emerging with the Naxalbari incidence in 1967, the Left-Wing Extremism (LWE) in India, reached its peak in the 2000-2010 decade. The Maoists had considerable control over 200 districts in the country and the then Prime Minister of India was forced to refer Maoism as “the single biggest internal security challenge ever faced by the country”.

The key causes for the rise and strengthening of the LWE in India were Lack of Socio-Economic Development in tribal areas, inadequacies of state police and CRPF, Illegal mining, lack of coordination among states and between centre state and only force/enemy centric approach without focus on development.

Learning from these failures, government moved to a two-pronged Counter Insurgency (COIN) approach which combined law & Order initiatives and developmental initiatives:

1) Law and Order Initiatives:
i) Deployment of Central Paramilitary Forces under operation Green Hunt in LWE areas, raising of specialized COBRA battalion in states and Police Modernization Schemes have strengthened the security situation.
ii) Strengthening of intelligence networks and Monitoring & Coordination mechanisms by setting up of Multi-agency centers at both central and state levels.
iii) SAMADHAN a new security operation doctrine was launched in 2017 which focuses on the choking of finances, better training and use of advanced technology like drones.
iv) Strengthening of UAPA, 1967 through amendments and banning of CPI (Maoist) also weakened Maoist movement in the country.

2) Development and Population Centric Approach
i) Focusing on the special developmental needs of LWE districts through Special Central Assistance (SCA) scheme and Aspirational districts initiatives. Infrastructure development in the form of more schools, hospitals, telecom networks etc. have been seen in these districts
ii) Surrender & Rehabilitation Schemes gave opportunities to Maoist cadres to join the mainstream.
iii) Forest Rights Act, 2006, MGNREGA, MSP for Minor Forest Produce etc -> alleviated socio-economic stress
iv) All India Radio and Doordarshan now have more programs in local tribal languages

These initiatives have led to substantial decrease in geographical range and violence related to LWE in the country. But the government needs to be highly vigilant and ensure that counter-insurgency operations are continued with same intensity and developmental activities are further strengthened to ensure elimination of Maoism from India.

Model Answer for 6th Aug 2020

Join for Daily Answer Writing Practice for UPSC Mains: https://t.me/AnswerWritingDaily

Daily Answer Writing Practice
[Question 26, 07 August 2020]
Dear Students,
Please find the question for today's daily answer writing practice below:

Write a short note on the evolving nature of the Dalit movement in post-independent India. [15 marks, 250 words] [#GS1 #Society]

Model Answer would be posted after 8 pm today. Submit your answers before 8 pm on https://t.me/AnswerWritingDailyDiscuss

Join for Daily Answer Writing Practice for UPSC Mains: https://t.me/AnswerWritingDaily

26 Society.pdf

Dear students,
We will review all answers that are pending. Don't worry.