With reference to earthquakes, consider the following statements:

1. An earthquake of magnitude 8 on Richter Scale is twice as great as an earthquake of magnitude 4.

2. The Mercalli scale takes into account the visible damage caused by the event.

3. The epicenter is the point on the earth's surface vertically above the hypocenter where a seismic rupture begins.

With reference to earthquakes, consider the following statements:

1. P-waves creates density differences in the material leading to stretching (rarefaction) and squeezing (compression) of the material.

2. S-waves create troughs and crests in the material through which they pass

3. Shadow zones of S-waves and P-waves have helped scientists identify the composition of earth's interior.

Consider the following statements:

1. Fossils are abundant in both plutonic and volcanic rocks.

2. Voicamc rocks are acidic whereas Plutonic rocks are basic in nature.

3. Volcanic rocks form crystals whereas Plutonic rocks are generally amorphous.

1. Consider the following statements regarding Earthquake Waves:
1. P waves cannot pass through liquids or gases.
2. S waves can travel in all mediums.
3. L waves are responsible for most of the destructive force of earthquake.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
a) 1 only
b) 2 and 3 only
c) 3 only
d) 1, 2 and 3

2. Consider the following statements:
1. Gutenberg discontinuity separates the crust from the mantle
2. Mohorovicic discontinuity lies between the mantle and the outer core
3. Aluminium is the most abundant metal in the earth’s crust
4. Asthenosphere is the main source of magma during volcanic eruption
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
a) 1 and 2 only
b) 2 and 3 only
c) 3 and 4 only
d) 1 and 4 only

3. Consider the following pairs:
(Tectonic Plates) - (Location)
1. Fuji plate - North-east of Australia
2. Cocos plate - Between South America and Pacific plate
3. Nazca plate - Between Central America and Pacific plate
Which of the above pairs is/are correctly matched?
a) 1 only
b) 2 and 3
c) 3 only
d)1,2,3

4. Landforms like Arete, Drumlin and Esker are seen in:
a) Oceans
b) Rivers
c) Glaciers
d) Deserts

5. Consider the following characteristics:
1. Cover 75% of earth’s crust but volumetrically occupy only 5%
2. Presence of fossils of plants and animals
3. Allows percolation of water
Which of the following rocks shows above characteristics?
a) Igneous rocks
b) Sedimentary rocks
c) Metamorphic rocks
d) None of the above

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