if (10 > 5) 
    int sum = 10 + 5;

System.out.println(sum);

Predict the output:

    int i = 0;
    while (++i < 5); 
    cout << "i: " << i << endl;

Predict the output:

    int x = 5;
    int y = 10;
    (x > y ? x : y) = 50;
   cout << "x: " << x << ", y: " << y << endl;

Predict the output:

    int a = (3, 4, 1, 2); 
    cout <<  a ;

💥 Compilation Error: (Cannot compile, cannot run)
Occurs when the code has syntax issues, preventing it from being compiled. Common examples include missing semicolons, mismatched parentheses, or undeclared variables.
Example: int x = ;

⚡️ Runtime Error: (Compiles but cannot run, compilation comes before code execution or running)
Happens while the program is running. It usually occurs due to illegal operations like division by zero, accessing invalid memory, or infinite loops.
Example: int x = 5 / 0;

🔍 Logical Error: (Code compiles and runs but won't result a correct output)
Occurs when the code runs without crashing, but it produces incorrect results due to flawed logic or assumptions. It can be tricky to spot as the program compiles and runs fine.
Example: int a = 5; int b = 2; cout << a - b; (Expecting multiplication but using subtraction)

void insertion_sort(int arr[], int size) {
    int temp, i, j;
    for (i = 0; i < size; i++) {
        temp = arr[i];
        j = i;
        while (j > 0 && arr[j-1] > temp) {
            arr[j] = arr[j - 1];
            j--;
        }
        arr[j] = temp;
    }
}

void bubble_sort(int arr[], int size) {
    for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
        for (int j = i + 1; j < size; j++) {
            if (arr[i] > arr[j]) {
                swap(arr[i], arr[j]);
            }
        }
    }
    return;
}

void bubbleSortOptimized(int arr[], int size) {
    for (int i = 0; i < size - 1; i++) {
        bool swapped = false;
        for (int j = 0; j < size - 1 - i; j++) {
            if (arr[j] > arr[j + 1]) {
                swap(arr[j], arr[j + 1]);
                swapped = true;
            }
        }
        if (!swapped) break;
    }
}

void selection_sort(int arr[], int size) {
    int min_index;
    for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
        min_index = i;
        for (int j = i + 1; j < size; j++) {
            if (arr[j] < arr[min_index]) {
                min_index = j;
            }
        }
            swap(arr[i], arr[min_index;
    }
}

void bubbleSortOptimized(int arr[], int n) {
    for (int i = 0; i < n - 1; i++) {
        bool swapped = false;
        for (int j = 0; j < n - 1 - i; j++) {
            if (arr[j] > arr[j + 1]) {
                swap(arr[j], arr[j + 1]);
                swapped = true;
            }
        }
        if (!swapped) break;
    }
}